Next generation sequencing technologies,providing high speed and throughput that contribute greatly to DNA sequencing,have many applications in clinical virology,including identification of novel or unsuspected viruses,evaluation of human viromes,investigation of viral genetic diversity and evolution,monitoring of antiviral drug resistance,and analysis of virus-host interaction.Meanwhile,due to the complexity in bioinformatics data processing and lack of quality management standards,further efforts and explorations need to be put in the application and quality management of NGS in clinical laboratory.

Referring to relative documents,it reviews the developments on the relation between IIS and gastro-intestinal hormones(gastrin,gallbladder bile-syst contractin,active vessel intestinal peptide and article P),and sums up the relativity study on the relativity between different TCM types of IIS and gastro-intestinal hormones secretion level.

Objective:According to the existing problems on research instruments management in medical colleges, we proposed the reasonable purchasing and application advices and how to improve the efficiency. Methods: Aiming at the use and management of instruments of teaching and researching in universities, this paper expounds how to reasonably purchase and improve the use efficiency of large-scale instruments. Results:Five suggestions were proposed. Conclusion: To give full play to the investment benefit and its important role of large-scale instruments in the teaching and scientific research.

Objective To study the optimum culture media and liquid conditions in shaking flasks for laccase production by Ganoderma lucidum. Methods Taking S_3 stain of G. lucidum as test materials and laccase activity of G. lucidum as measurement index to optimize the culture media and liquid conditions through orthogonal test. Results The optimum culture components of media were: Glucose 30 g/L, cotton 0.2%, (NH_4)_2HPO_4 0.66 g/L, casein 0.5%, Tween-80 0.15 mL; the optimum conditions were: initial pH value of medium was 5.5, 75 mL medium was in 250 mL-flask, inoculation was 12.5%, mycelium age was 5?24 h for 9?24 h culture. Conclusion Laccase activity of G. lucidum has been improved remarkably in the optimum culture media and liquid conditions.

As many naturally-derived proteins,keratins have intrinsic biological activity,good biocompatibility and are biodegradable.Human hair keratins,as one type of the autogenous proteins,also have low immune rejection.Compared to other autogenous materials,human hair keratins come from a variety of sources and show attraction in field of regenerative medicine.The human hair keratins applied in neural implant materials,wound dressing,cell culture substrates,drug delivery system and soft tissue reconstructions,which are based on hydrogels,scaffolds coating,films and composite materials present huge development potential in regenerative medicine.

Objective As part of the basic for cost-benefit assessment in decision for environmental protection measures, health benefit from improvement of air pollution was provided through this study. Methods According to the results from many well-done studies of local, domestic, and international authoritative institutions on relationship of air pollution and health impact, E-R functions (Exposure-Response) in terms of total mortality and morbidity of respiratory diseases from acute and chronic effects associated with increase of unit air pollutants (each 100 ?g/m3 TSP and 10 ?g/m3 SO2) were identified. As a real practice, the excess (avoidable) number of deaths and patients of respiratory diseases associated with 100 ?g/m3 TSP and 10 ?g/m3 SO2 of air pollution were estimated for Fushun City in year of 2000. The costs of medical treatment, as well as the payment for labor days were investigated. The direct and indirect economic losses from corresponding diseases were calculated. As for the estimation of economic loss from excess deaths, three methods of evaluation were applied, i.e. labor capital method; value of statistics life (VOSL), namely the method of willing to pay (WTP); and value of life year (VOLY). Results The total economic benefit combined from above aspects resulting from decreasing 100 ?g/m3 TSP ranges over 1.4 hundred millions-3.4 hundred millions yuan, accounting for 0.75%-1.95% of total product value (GDP) of Fushun City in year of 2000. Methods and indices of monetary estimation for health impact of air pollution adapted to Liaoning city was suggested. As the author's point of view, the third method of VOLY was preferable, by which, 1.48 hundred millions yuan benefit was estimated, accounting for 0.85% of GDP. Conclusions Domestic E-R functions should be worked out for assessing economic loss due to environmental pullution.

[Objective]The paper was designed to introduce the Professor YE Jin's personal clinical experience which can provide an effective means for other pediatrician.[Method]By introducing the Professor YE Jin's personal clinical experience,we summarize the effective therapies about the infantile recurrent abdominal pain(RAP). [Result]According to the Professor YE Jin, the pathomechanism of RAP includes mainly cold stagnation, the indigestion, parasite and Qi stagnancy. RAP caused bycoldcan be treated from warming the middle-energizer and fending off the cold,RAP resulting from retention of food can be cured by removing the retention and invigorating the stomach, RAP incurred by ascaris can be cured by relieving ascariasis,expelling parasite and purgation simultaneously,and RAP resulting from Qi stagnation can be cured by soothing liver, regulating qi activity, rather than relieving pain merely. Based on the above-mentioned theory,she tends to use Liquorice and prefers Paeonia a lot in curing the disease, that is always effective in clinic as a result.The recurrence rate is also lower.One case was provided for verification.[Conclusion]Professor YE Jin thinks that warming the middle-energizer and fending off the cold, removing the retention and invigorating the stomach, the RAP can be improved the curative effect,and that can provide another idea for other clinicians.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the methods of calculating pediatric dose of medication.METHODS:The validity of several methods of calculating pediatric dose of medication was evaluated by statistical methods and demonstration analysis,and the expression of the pediatric dosage of administration in drug instruction was discussed.RESULTS&CONCLUSION:There exist improper medical manipulation in the rational use of medicines in pediatrics,uniform criterion and calculation are lack for measuring age groups in pediatrics,aseries of integrated and uniform criteria to determine the safe dosage for child are needed.

Acute hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction (HPV) plays an important role in physiological regulation. The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of Ilexonin A on hemodynamics and HPV, and their relation to prostaglandins (PG_(?)) and leukotrienes (LT_(?)).The results show that the high pulmonary vascular resistance induced by Ilexonin A in normoxic rats may be partially caused by the increased LTs and have no relation to PGs. Ilexonin A may potentiate HPV at least by two ways: replacing the production of PGs (especially PGI_2) in hypoxic Wistar rats, and increasing LTs production.

Inhibition of tumor neovascularization (angiogenesis) has become one of the novel therapeutic strategies for tumor, and natural inhibitor of angiogenesis has been highlighted in this field. Thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1), as an important extracellular matrix component which can influence endothelial cell adhesion, migration, and proliferation, is reported to be a potent inhibitor of angiogenesis in vivo. It will be valuable to use its active peptides or small fragments from TSP-1 in antiangiogenesis therapy.