The sleeping respiratory monitoring technique is very important to the prophylaxis, detection, and treatment of the sleep apnea syndrome. This article briefly introduces the classification of the monitoring devices and their application trend, analyzes the features of sleep respiratory monitoring techniques, and summarizes the development statue and the research trend.

Peste des petits ruminants(PPR)is a highly contagious disease with high mortality which is caused by peste des petits ruminants virus(PPRV)infection and leads to enormous economic losses for sheep husbandry both at home and abroad. The knowledge of interactions between PPRV and host cells is the basis of understanding of the pathogenesis and the prerequisite of disease prevention and control. This paper reviews the studies on the activation of host innate immune response by PPRV infection,the immune evasion of PPRV mediated by viral protein products,and the induction of apoptosis,autophagy and inflammasome resistance to virus,which provides a reference for further discussion on the immune evasion of PPRV and the key nodes involved in the interaction between PPRV and the host,thus providing theoretical guidance for effective prevention and control of PPR transmission.

Antibodies, Monoclonal ; administration & dosage ; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; therapeutic use ; Bevacizumab ; Camptothecin ; administration & dosage ; analogs & derivatives ; Cetuximab ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Humans ; Neoplasm Staging ; Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor ; antagonists & inhibitors ; immunology ; Treatment Outcome ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; antagonists & inhibitors ; immunology

0.05), second trimester pregnant women(58.33?12.64 U, n=28, P

Colorectal cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors but the results of conventional chemotherapy have been discouraging. Recently substantial progress in the field of targeted therapy with its unique characteristic of high efficacy and low toxicity has gained extensive attention. The role of targeted therapy in the management of colorectal cancer is reviewed in this article.[

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of concept maps in developing critical thinking ability in nursing baccalaureates. Methods Divided 60 nursing students into the experimental group and the control group randomly, there were 30 cases in each group. Traditional nursing care plans was used in the control group, while concept maps was used in the experimental group when analysis typical case. Evaluated the critical thinking ability between the two groups by CTDI-CV at the beginning and the end of term. Results The difference of CTDI-CV scores in the experimental group at the beginning and the end of term was significant, while the difference in the control group was not. Conclusions Concept maps can effective improve nursing students' ability of critical thinking.

The implementation of hierarchical diagnosis and treatment policies will have a significant impact on the entire health care system .From the view the implementation of the policies of provinces now , tertiary hospital has been defined as a whole , and did not consider differences between grade b class 3 hospital and grade a class 3 hospital.Based on the overview of the policies , this article analyzed the external environment of the grade b class 3 hospital facing from strengths , weaknesses , opportunities and threats by using SWOT Analysis .Then propose counter-measures and suggestions of enhancing its ability and competitiveness to respond to the policies .

By using immunocolloidal gold-silver technique and ABC technique, an antihuman von Willebrand factor (vWF) monoclonal antibody, SZ-29, was applied to study the distribution of vWF in vessels and platelets. The results demonstrated that vWF distributed in the endothelium, basal membrane, subendothelium and media near internal elastic membrane of abdominal aorta, umbilical artery and umbilical vein. And the densest vWF-specific staining was found in the endothelium and its basal membrane. At the microscopical level, we found that vWF-specific staining was granule--like and scattered in most platelets, but about 3-5% of the platelets were found entirely silver-stained. At the ultrastructural level, we found that vWF was stored in ?-granules and there was little platelet membrane-bound vWF in resting platelets. However, in stimulated platelets, plenty of membrane-bound vWF was found on the platelet surface and open canalicular system membrane besides the vWF-specific staining in ?-granules. And vWF-specific staining might be found in platelet pseudopodia, especially at their tips,

BACKGROUND: Renal ischemia/reperfusion injury is a common patho physiological change on clinic. It is proved that propofol has a certain ef fect on anti-hypoxia injury, but its effect on apoptosis pathways is still unclear.OBJECTIVE: To observe the local changes of hemodynamics and expressions of the key protein in endogenetic-mitochondrion signaling apoptosis pathways, and to verify the protective effect of propofol on renal function of rats in during renal transplantation.DESIGN: Randomized controlled animal study. SETTING: Department of Anesthesiology, Tiantan Hospital affiliated to Capital University of Medical Sciences; Department of Anesthesiology,Friendship Hospital affiliated to Capital University of Medical Sciences.MATERIALS: The experiment was carried out at the Animal Experimental Center of Beijing Friendship Hospital from January to April 2005. Fortymale adult Lewis rats from inbred line were divided into three groups according to randomly digital table, including sham operation group (n=8),mere renal transplantation group (8 donators, 8 receptors) and renal transplantation + propofol group (8 donators, 8 receptors). Propofol was provided by Astrazeneca Company, Italian (batch number: CG414).METHODS: ① Establishment of models of renal transplantation: Donator rats in mere renal transplantation group were anesthetized to routinely obtain kidney which was repaired in vitro. Receptor rats were anesthetized with the same way. Left kidney was resected and suffered from xenoma renal transplantation in situ. Twenty-fiveminutes ago, donators were intra venously injected with 1 mL/kg ringer lactate solution, and receptors were successively infused with 2.5 mL/(kg·h) ringer lactate solution at 15 minutes before opening renal vessel. Rats in renal transplantation + propofol group were treated with the same way mentioned above. However, at the same time point, donators were infused with 20 mg/kg propofol and receptors were infused with 1 mg/(kg·min) propofol in renal transplantation+ propofol group. Rats in sham operation group did not suffer from renal transplantation, but induced ischemia of left kidney. Then, blood was reperfused at 1 hour after ischemia. ② Hemodynamics was observed with Doppler blood ultrasound technique, and blood velocity of renal vein was detected with ultrasonic probe which was fixed at local vessels after repenetration of auto- and foreign vessels. Expressions of Bcl-2, Bax, caspase 3 and cytochrome C were detected in endogenetic-mitochondrion signaling apoptosis pathways with the method of Western Blot.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① Hemodynamic changes; ② effect of propofol on expressions of apoptosis-pathways protein during renal transplantation.RESULTS: ① Hemodynamic changes: Blood velocity of renal vein of donators was not significantly different in mere renal transplantation group and renal transplantation + propofol group from that in sham operation group (P ＞ 0.05); but blood velocity of renal vein of receptors was decreased in all three groups [(7.33±0.42), (5.79±0.38), (4.46±0.43) cm/s; P＜ 0.05]. ② Effect of propofol on expressions of apoptosis-pathways protein during renal transplantation: As compared with those in sham operation group, expression of Bcl-2 protein was decreased in mere renal transplantation group, but expressions of Bax, cytochrome C and caspase 3 were in creased. As compared with those in mere renal transplantation group, expression of Bcl-2 protein was increased in renal transplantation + propofol group, but expressions of Bax, cytochrome C and caspase 3 were decreased.CONCLUSION: Propofol can decrease the blood velocityof renal vein,inhibit the expressions of relative proteins in endogenetic-mitochondrion signaling apoptosis pathways induced by cold ischemia/reperfusion injury,and protect renal function of rats during renal transplantation.

Objective To establish a model of renal ischemic/reperfusion in rats and to observe whether propofol protects kidney from this injury, and to deduce a possible mechanism.Methods Ninty-nine male SD rats with right nephrectomy were randomly divided into three groups according to the different treatments to left kidney: Control group (n=26), IR group (n=35), IR+Pro group (n=38). The left kidney was exsected and blood samples were collected 0, 3, 12, 24, 72 h postsurgery respectively. Renal morphology dyed with HE was observed with light microscopy . Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of apoptosis proteins including BCL-2、BAX、caspase 3、cytochrome C.Results Renal ischemia-reperfusion induced tissues injury, the severity of injury sequence was as follows: proximal convoluted tubule, distal convoluted tubule, collecting duct, renal corpuscle; According to the results of IHC, the expression of BAX, caspase 3, and cytochrome C in IR group were more than that in control group, and BCL-2 level was stable. The protective protein (BCL-2) level was higher and the proteins (BAX, caspase 3, and cytochrome C) inducing apoptosis were lower in IR+P group than that of IR group (P