OBJECTIVE:To guide the formulation of emergency management plan for pharmacy department and reduce emer-gency risk. METHODS:By the methods of risk integration,considering the frequency and severity of the hazard events,the risk integral value of emergency events was calculated and hazard level was judged. RESULTS:The top three hazard events of pharma-cy department were information system failures (75.21),fire (63.00) and cytotoxic drugs overflow (62.21). All of the above events were moderate risk. According to the results of this evaluation,pharmacy department targeted emergency drills,in order to improve the ability to cope with risks. CONCLUSIONS:In order to improve the ability of facing and dealing hazard events,disas-ter vulnerability analysis is the base of developing and exercising emergency plans.

Astragalus Plant ; Cell Differentiation ; drug effects ; Cell Division ; drug effects ; Codonopsis ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Hematopoietic Stem Cells ; cytology ; drug effects

Objective To investigate the influence of recombinant neuregulin-1 beta (rhNRG-1β) on neural stem cell proliferation through extracellular regulated protein kinases (ERK) signaling pathway in oxygen and glucose deprivation (OGD) environment.Methods Neural stem cells were obtained from embryonic brain of mice pregnant for 14-17 d,cultured and identified by immunochemical staining through detection of the indicator nestin using the SABC-FITC (POD)double standard kit.Neural stem cells were divided into three experiment groups (OGD group,control group and OGD + rhNRG-1β group).Control group:identified neural stem cells,2 × 107,were cultured for 3 h in the 24-hole culture plate with DMEM/F12 complete culture medium;OGD group:neural stem cells,2 × 107,were cultured in the 24-hole culture plate deprived glucose DMEM/F12 in a wet airtight container (37 ℃ constant temperature),cells were cultured with mixed gas of nitrogen (950 ml/L) and oxygen (50 ml/L) for 1 h,and then the culture medium was replaced with complete culture medium and cultured for 3 h;OGD + rhNRG-1β group:before OGD intervention,100 μg/L rhNRG-1β was given for 3 h.Neurospheres formation:the three groups of stem cells were dispersed into single cells,1 × 106/ml cells were inoculated to culture plates containing cover slips coated with poly lysine,and cultivated for 7 d,and neurospheres formation of the 3 groups of neural stem cells was observed under microscope,which was aimed to record neural stem cells proliferation changes.Colony formation:the three groups of stem cells,vaccinated in 60 mm in a petri dish,2 × 107 in number,were cultivated in complete culture medium for 24 h.The colony formation of the three groups of cells was observed under microscope,and neural stem cells proliferation changes were observed.Western blotting:the change of phosphorylation ERK (pERK) protein of the three groups of stem cells was determined,and the effect of pERK protein expression regulated by rhNRG-1β in mice neural stem cells proliferation through ERK signaling pathway was observed.Results Microscopically the primary cultured stem cells grew in single or in pairs,in a round shape;neural stem cell proliferated in clumps or colony;neural stem cells expressed the specificity of nestin protein markers with fluorescent yellow-green color.The differences in the aspects of the average diameter of neurospheres and neurospheres quantity in the neural stem cells between groups were statistically significant (F =693.66,1 002.09,all P ＜ 0.01),and among them the neuropheres formation of OGD group was significantly suppressed.Formation quantity and average diameter in OGD group [(88.78 ± 7.14) numbers,(62.12 ± 2.52) μm] were significantly lower than those in the control group [(246.34 ± 8.67) numbers,(128.45 ± 2.33) μm] and those in OGD + rhNRG-1β group [(237.87 ± 6.61) numbers,(118.37 ± 2.71) μm,all P ＜ 0.01].The difference of colony formation rate of neural stem cell was statistically significant (F =132.03,P ＜ 0.01),and among them colony formation of OGD group significantly suppressed.Formation rate in OGD group [(11.65 ± 0.94)％] was significantly lower than that in the control group [(33.23 ± 2.93)％] and that in OGD + rhNRG-1β group [(31.42 ± 2.61)％,all P ＜ 0.01].Western blotting showed that the difference of pERK protein expression of neural stem cells between groups was statistically significant (F =63.76,P ＜ 0.01).Relative expression of the pERK protein in OGD group (0.487 ± 0.072) was significantly lower than that in the control group (1.013 ± 0.112) and that in OGD + rh-NRG-1β group (1.752 ± 0.278,all P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion rhNRG-1β preserves neural stem cell proliferation with phosphorylation ERK protein expression up-regulated in oxygen and glucose deprivation environment.

Objective To investigate the association between HLA classⅡgenes and bullous pem-phigoid(BP).Methods HLA-DRB1,DQA1,DQB1were determined by polymerase chain reaction se-quence specific oligonucleotide probe methods in56patients with BP and150normal controls from Shanghai area.Results It was shown that HLA-DRB1*10(*1001)was linked to DQB1*0501,and its frequency in-creased significantly in BP group compared to normal controls.There was a positive correlation between DRB1*1001and mucosal involvememt as well as autoantigen BP230.HLA-DRB1*04was linked to DQB1*0302,and its frequency increased significantly in BP group compared with normal control.There was a positive correlaton between DRB1*04and autoantigen BP180.The frequency of HLA-DRB1*12(*1201,*1202)decreased in BP group compared to normal controls.Conclusions It is suggested that HLA-DRB1*1001and DRB1*04be the susceptible genes while DRB1*1201,and*1202be the protective genes of BP patients in Shanghai area.

Objective] To sum up director doctor He Ruoping’s by stages treatment experience in treating bladder cancer. [Method]By learning from director doctor He Ruoping for many years and combining my own clinical experience, from the etiology and pathogenesis, therapeutic principle of TCM syndrome differentiation treatment characteristics, etc, it sums up the teacher He ’s unique feature of by stages treatment of bladder cancer, and with 1 case for detailed explanation. [Result]Teacher He advocating the combination of traditional Chinese medicine and western medicine, puts forward the principle of by stages treatment to bladder cancer:treatment of postoperative perfusion stage, treatment of following up stage without perfusion and treatment of palliative transfer stage, and makes prescriptions in line with the characteristics of each stage. [Conclusion] Teacher He ’s by stages treatment to bladder cancer obtains the good curative effect, having enlightenment meaning to clinical practice, with promotion value.

Adolescent ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Hepatocyte Growth Factor ; metabolism ; Humans ; Kidney ; metabolism ; pathology ; Male ; Nephrotic Syndrome ; metabolism ; pathology ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-met ; metabolism

Acupuncture Therapy ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive ; physiopathology ; therapy

PET/CT is a useful method which combines metabolic and anatomic imaging. It has already a-chieved good results in differential diagnosis of pancreatic malignant disease, evaluating therapeutic effect, monitoring tumor recurrence and metastasis. This article will summarize the clinical utilization of PET/CT in the diagnosis and treatment of pancreatic cancer.

Objective: To investigate the effect of astragalus on the serum levels of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), renal function and the damage of renal morphology in ischemic acute renal failure (IARF). To study the protective mechanism of astragalus in IARF. Methods: The rats were pretreated with astragalus or vehicle for 3 days. IARF was induced by left renal artery clipping for 60 min, after the right kidney was removed. Biochemical parameters for serum HGF,blood urea nitrogen(BUN),creatinine(Cr) were measured and histological analyses of the kidneys were performed by tubular grading. Results: There have no significant difference between the serum HGF levels of I/R controls and the levels observed in sham-operated group (P > 0.05). Serum HGF levels in astragalus treated group was significantly increased than those of I/R control group(P < 0.01) .After 4 h of I/R, serum levels of BUN and Cr were increased in I/ R control rats compare with Sham-operated rats(P < 0.01). Astragalus treatment reduced the levels elevation(P < 0.05). Simultaneously,. I/R-induced severe damage in renal morphology were significantly ameliorated by astragalus treatment(P < 0.01). Conclusions: Astragalus pretreatment can alleviate the damage of renal function in IARF. It is may be one of the mechanisms of astragalus for protecting renal tissue in IARF that astragalus can induce the expression of HGF.

ObjectiveTo investigate the common pathogenic bacteria and antimicrobial resistance status in neonatal ward to provide guidance for rational clinical medication. MethodsData of 2306 cases in neonatal ward from July 2008 to June 2010 whose body fluid were cultured with positive results of common bacteria were collected. The change of the bacteria and drug resistance was analyzed. Results Among 10 017 body fluid samples, 80 species consisted of 2306 strains of bacteria were found. Enterobacteria accounted for about 53.8％ (1241/2306), Klebsiella pneumoniae subsp. pneumoniae (430/1241, 34.6％) and Escherichia coli (341/1241, 27.5％) were the most common ones,and among which 68.1％(293/430)strains of Klebsiella pneumoniaesubsp.pneumoniae and 59.5 ％ (203/341 ) strains of Escherichia coli were extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) producing strains, which were significantly lower than those[78.1％ (118/151) and 82.6％(76/92) respectively]during 2003 to 2005 (U=-2.32 and -4.11, P＜0.05 respectively).Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA)detectionrate was 8. 5％(23/272)in Staphylococcus, which was lower than that (17.7％, 15/85) in year 2004 to 2006 (U= -2.4, P＜0. 05). Methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative Staphulococcus (MRCNS) detection rate was 63.5％(157/247), which was higher than that (32.6％, 97/298) in year 2004 to 2006(U=7.54,P＜0.05).The common pathogens of nosocomial infection were Klebsiella pneumoniae subsp.pneumoniae,Escherichia coli , Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ; while common pathogens of community infection were Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae subsp.pneumoniae and Escherichia coli. Multiple drug-resistant infections in hospital were significantly higher than those in community. Drug susceptibility results showed that the resistance of Staphylococcus haemolyticus,Acinetobacter baumannii and Klebsiella pneumoniae subsp.pneumoniae were especially severe.ConclusionsOpportunistic infections and drug resistant strains increased. The increasing of MRCNS and drug-resistant of Acinetobacter baumanniishouldbepaidmore attention.Comprehensive measures might reduce the production of ESBLs bacteria. The choice of antibiotics should be based on drug susceptibility test.