Objective To investigate the correlations between plasma levels of carnitine(CT),free fat acid(FFA) and insulin resisitance in children with simple obesity.Methods Fifty-six children diagnosed with simple obesity were enrolled as study group(obesity group),36 healthy children as control group.The concentration of plasma level of insulin was measured by radioimmunoassay(RIA),CT was measured by high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC),FFA and triglyceride(TG) were measured by enzymatic-colorimetric assay.Body mass index(BMI) and waist to hip ratio(WHR) were caculated.Insulin sensitivity index (InSI) and insulin resistance index (InRI) were cacula-ted by homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR).SPSS 13.0 software was used to analyze the data.Results The concentration of CT in plasma was (43.67?12.75) ?mol/L in obesity group,(58.31?21.25) ?mol/L in control group,respectively.There was a significant difference between 2 groups (t=2.566 P

The aim of the study is to investigate the prognostic value of plasma brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) in patients with acute pulmonary embolism. Plasma BNP concentrations were measured in 47 cases with acute pulmonary embolism. Plasma BNP levels in massive or sub-massive pulmonary embolism were higher than those in no-massive pulmonary embolism (P = 0. 001,0. 048) ; BNP levels in survival cases were higher than those in fatal cases ( P = 0. 027 ). The incidence of massive or sub-massive pulmonary embolism in patients with BNP >400 pg/ml was higher than that with BNP≤400 pg/ml ( 100% vs. 75%,P = 0. 023 ). Results indicate that plasma BNP concentration might be associated with risk stratification and prognosis of the disease.

OBJECTIVE:To study the effects of Akt inhibitor MK-2206 on the proliferation and apoptosis of lung adenocarcino-ma A549 cells. METHODS:The optical density of A549 cells was detected by MTT assay after treated with 0(blank control),0.5, 1,2.5,5,10,20 and 30 μmol/L MK-2206 for 24 h;after pretreatment with 0(blank control),5,10 and 20 μmol/L MK-2206 for 24 h,morphological changes of A549 cells were observed with inverted microscope. Cell cycle and apoptosis rate were analyzed by flow cytometry. Western blot was used to detect the expression of cell cycle-related proteins Cyclin D1,p21 and p27 and apopto-sis-related protein PARP(cf-PARP),cf-caspase-3,Bcl-2 and Bax. RESULTS:Compared with blank control,the optical density of A549 cells decreased,cells shrank and presented vesicular state after treatment of MK-2206;A549 cells arrested in G0/G1 stage, the protein expression of p21 and p27 strengthened while that of Cyclin D1 decreased;the apoptotic rate of cells increased,the ex-pression of cf-PARP,cf-caspase-3 and Bax in cells increased while that of Bcl-2 decreased. All reponse were in concentration-de-pendant manner (P<0.05 or P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS:MK-2206 can inhibit the proliferation of A549 cells,and induce the apoptosis of A549 cells by adjusting the expression of activating caspase-3,down-regulating Bcl-2 and up-regulating Bax.

Objective To investigate the safety and feasibility of laparoscopic ELAPE for elderly patients with low advanced rectal cancer.Methods Totally 48 cases patients with low advanced rectal cancer surgery aged over 65 years old were analyzed retrospectively,who come from Beijing Hospital between Jan 2012 and Jan 2015.A total of 26 cases underwent Laparoscopic extralevator abdominoperineal excision (L-ELAPE) and 22 cases underwent Laparoscopic abdominoperineal excision(L-APE).Clinical data including general data,operation time,intraoperative blood loss,complications,pathological data,postoperative in hospitalization were retrospectively analyzed in patients.Results The mean operation time between L-ELAPE and APE group was (312±46)min vs.(245±62)min,mean intraoperative blood loss was(170±74)ml vs.(250± 109)ml,Operative complications was 26.9％ vs.27.3％,harvested lymph node was (16.0 ± 5.8)cm vs.(15.0±7.2)cm,intraoperative bowel perforation(IOP)rate was 0％ vs.18.2％,CRM involvement was 3.8 ％ vs.13.6 ％,mean postoperative hospital stay (days) was (13.1 ± 4.6) d vs.(13.7 ± 6.1) d.The mean operating time of L-ELAPE group was longer and mean intraoperative blood loss was much less than APE group,IOP rate and circumferential resection margin(CRM)involvement were higher in APE group(P＜0.05).Conclusions L-ELAPE is a safe and feasibility alternative approach for elder patients with rectal cancer.It is related with less intraoperative blood loss,IOP rate,CRM involvement and longer operating time contrast with L-APE.

Objective To investigate whether the implanted spike wave electrical stimulation (ES) can improve survival of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) after transplantation in spinal cord injury (SCI) rats. MethodsIn the study,60 male SD rats were used to prepare the SCI induced by a digital weight drop apparatus.The MSCs from each rat' s femurs were collected and then labeled by Bromodeoxyuridine (Brdu) seven days after SCI.The rats were randomly assigned into four groups,ie,group A (receiving a transplantation of MSCs only),group B (receiving electro-stimulant therapy only),group C ( receiving a transplation of MSCs and electro-stimulant therapy) and the control group ( receiving a single injection of phosphate buffer solution,PBS).Functional status was assessed regularly before and after SCI by using the Basso-Beattie-Bresnahan (BBB) locomotor rating score and somatosensory evoked potential (SEP).The recovery of spinal cord was checked by diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and the survivorship of the labeled MSCs was observed with immunohistochemical method. Results BBB score of group C demonstrated significant difference in comparison with that of the other three groups ( P ＜ 0.05 )and was significantly higher than that of the control group (P ＜0.01 ) four weeks after surgery,which indicated an obvious functional improvement of the extremity mobility in group C.At the 8th week postoperatively,SEP study displayed significant difference in group C from the other three groups in terms of latency and wave amplitude (P ＜0.05 ),indicating the fast neurofunctional recovery of the spinal cord in group C.MR images of the spinal cords by DTI showed the same outcome.Immunohistochemistry confirmed a large number of the labeled MSCs positive cells in the lesion site of group C.ConclusionTheimplanted spike wave ES promotes the bioactivity and survival of MSCs and improves the therapeutic effect in combination with MSCs transplantation.

Objective To evaluate the intervention effect of Yi?Han bilingual health education of schistosomiasis control. Methods Baimiao Village in Daqing Town,Xichang City,where Yi Nationality inhabited,was chosen as a pilot to carry out Yi?Han bilingual health education of schistosomiasis control from 2012 to 2015. The villagers and students in the pilot area were in?vestigated by questionnaires before and after the intervention to understand their awareness and correct behavior status on schis?tosomiasis control. Results After the intervention of Yi?Han bilingual health education of schistosomiasis control for 3 years, the awareness rate and the correct rate of behavior on schistosomiasis control of the villagers in the pilot area improved from 45.79%and 51.12%in 2012 to 97.80%and 98.78%in 2015. As for the students,the two rates mentioned above improved from 64.16%and 60.83%in 2012 to 100%and 98.89%in 2015 respectively,and all the differences between the rates before and af?ter the intervention were statistically significant( all P<0.01). Conclusion The intervention of Yi?Han bilingual health educa?tion of schistosomiasis control can obviously improve the knowledge awareness rates and the correct rates of behavior of the resi?dents and students in the gathering area of Yi Nationality.

Objective To understand the impact of Qionghai Lake wetland ecological protection construction on the preva?lence of schistosomiasis,so as to provide the evidence for formulating the strategies for schistosomiasis control and prevention. Methods A retrospective survey of the construction of Qionghai Lake wetland was performed,and eleven villages around the wetland were surveyed for schistosomiasis endemic situation. The influence of the wetland project on the schistosomiasis preva?lence and Oncomelania hupensis snail status were investigated. Results Before the construction of Qionghai Lake wetland,the snail elimination and extended chemotherapy for residents was performed. After the project was finished,the roads and ditches were hardened. From 2009 to 2014,the schistosome infection rate of residents declined from 0.37% to 0. No schistosome infect?ed snails were found and in recent 2 years,no snails were found. No mice were infected in the sentinel tests. Conclusions The construction of Qionghai Lake wetland effectively eliminates snails,and interrupts the transmission of schistosomiasis. Howev?er,the environment of the wetland is more suitable for snail breeding,and therefore,the surveillance still should be strength?ened.

Objective To analyze the influencing factors of having clinical meaningful recanalization (CMR)after revascularization therapy in acute phase of ischemic stroke. Methods A total of 267 consecutive patients with ischemic stroke admitted to the Department of Neurology,Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University and received intravenous thrombolysis or endovascular intervention in acute stage from March 2011 and March 2015 were enrolled retrospectively. CMR was used as a primary endpoint event. They were divided into either a CMR group (n = 92)or a non-CMR group (n = 175)according to whether they had CMR. The baseline data of the patients in both groups were compared by using the Rank sum test and Pearson Chi-Square test. A multivariate logistic regression model was established to analyze the independent influencing factor of CMR. Results The median (interquartile range)age of 267 patents was 60 (51 -69)years,and 69 of them were females (25. 8%);the median (interquartile range)time from onset to treatment was 250 (195 -305)min,and the median (interquartile range)NIHSS score was 10 (6 -15). The baseline NIHSS score,body mass index,blood glucose level,and proportion of diabetes of the CMR group were significantly lower than those of the non-CMR group (all P≤0. 05). The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the baseline NIHSS (OR,0. 93,95% CI 0. 88 -0. 98;P = 0. 01),intravenous thrombolysis (with respect to endovascular intervention)(OR,0. 35, 95% CI 0. 17 -0. 73;P = 0. 01),and baseline blood glucose (OR,0. 87;95% CI 0. 77 -0. 98;P =0. 02)were the independent negative predictors of CMR. Conclusion The baseline NIHSS,intravenous thrombolysis (with respect to endovascular intervention),and high blood glucose are the negative influencing factors for achieving CMR in the acute phase of ischemic stroke,suggesting blood sugar intervention and endovascular intervention in acute phase may contribute to the improvement of clinical prognosis.

Klebsiella pneumoniae is the most common cause of nosocomial respiratory tract, and the second most frequent cause of Gram-negative bacteraemia and urinary tract infections. Drug resistant isolates remain an important hospital-acquired bacterial pathogen, prolong hospital stays, and are especially problematic in high impact medical areas such as intensive care units. A variety of preventive measures were applied to reduce such incidences. The immune therapies for Klebsiella pneumoniae include active immunization and passive immunization. Many trials for constructing effective vaccines are followed, including inactivated vaccines, polysaccharide vaccine, conjugate vaccine, protein vaccine, and nano vaccine. This review was about the development of vaccines for the prevention of Klebsiella pneumoniae.

BACKGROUNDThe induction of immune tolerance and suppression of allograft rejection has become the focus in the study of liver transplantation. The effect of immune therapy with anti-CD40L mAb alone or in combination with cyclosporine A (CsA) on the recipient survival and Th1/Th2 cytokine profile was studied to elucidate its immunological mechanism and role in rat orthotopic liver transplantation.

METHODSThe model of rat orthotopic liver transplantation was established by modified Kamada's technique. Recipients were divided into group A (control group): SD-->SD; group B (group of rejection): SD-->Wistar without any treatment; group C: SD-->Wistar with CsA monotherapy from day 1 to day 5; and group D: SD-->Wistar with CsA from day 1 to day 5 and anti-CD40L mAb on day 0 and day 2. The survival of the recipients in all groups was observed and ELISA technique was used to detect the level of cytokines in peripheral blood on post-transplant day 7.

RESULTSThe survival period of recipients in groups A (> 60 days) and D (> 60 days) was significantly longer than that in group B (13.8 +/- 2.4 days). The serum levels of interleukin 2 (IL-2) and interferon gamma in group B were significantly higher than those in other groups; the level of tumor necrosis factor alpha was higher but not statistically significant. In contrast, the serum levels of IL-4 and IL-10 in group D were elevated more significantly than those in group B (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSCombined immune therapy can prolong the survival of allografts. Increased expression of Th2 cytokines, which is closely related to the induction of tolerance and suppression of rejection, is beneficial to the long-term survival of recipients and allografts.

Animals ; Antibodies, Monoclonal ; therapeutic use ; CD40 Ligand ; antagonists & inhibitors ; Cyclosporine ; therapeutic use ; Cytokines ; blood ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Graft Survival ; Immunosuppressive Agents ; therapeutic use ; Liver Transplantation ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Th1 Cells ; immunology ; Th2 Cells ; immunology