The authors summarize the current techniques of laparoendoscopic single-site colorectal surgery in light of choice of abdominal incisions, single-site platform and instrument. System analysis suggests that laparoendoscopic single-site colorectal surgery is safe and feasible, and its short term result is similar to that of conventional laparoscopy. However, further trials are needed to investigate its potential benefits and long-term oncologic outcomes.
Colorectal Surgery ; Humans ; Laparoscopy ; instrumentation ; methods

This paper introduces the development and the key technology of image guided Surgery Systems (IGSS) and analyses its prospect in this paper. IGSS can be used in clinical surgery as an assistant tool, and it would be an advanced medical equipment combined with medical robotics.
Robotics ; Surgery, Computer-Assisted ; instrumentation ; methods

OBJECTIVE/strong: To design and test an improvised tracheotomy speaking valve fabricated from recycled parts of an anesthesia airway breathing circuit.br /br /strongMETHODS/strong: br /strongDesign/strong: Surgical Instrumentationbr /strongSetting/strong: Tertiary Private Hospitalbr /strongSubjects/strong: Speaking valves fabricated from discarded anesthesia breathing circuit parts were pilot-tested on three patients: one with vocal fold paralysis, another with a supraglottic mass and one post hemi-laryngectomy. br /br /strongRESULTS/strong: The improvised tracheotomy speaking valve was inexpensive and relatively easy to assemble. All three patients tolerated speech well through the speaking valve and were pleased to reestablish their means of verbal communication. Maximum Phonation Time (MPT) averaged 8 seconds for all three subjects.br /br /strongCONCLUSION/strong: In our local setting, improving the quality of life of tracheotomized patients should be accessible to all, hence the value of an improvised speaking valve. It provides a more affordable means of restoring speech and because it is made from recycled materials, it is eco-friendly. Our improvised speaking valve is also a cheaper but viable alternative to more expensive commercially available ones. Clinical trials with standardized feedback questionnaires, multi-observer perceptual evaluation with a system such as the GRBAS and/or vocal acoustic measures in a speech laboratory should be made to assess long term use, efficiency and safety measures./p
Tracheotomy ; Surgical Procedures, Operative ; instrumentation-surgery

This paper introduces the recent study and development of an aided endoscopic surgical robot system, and discusses its future trends--teleoperative robot system and telesurgery system. In addition, their key technologies are analyzed here in the paper.
Angioscopy ; Endoscopy ; methods ; trends ; Humans ; Laparoscopy ; Robotics ; instrumentation ; trends ; Surgery, Computer-Assisted ; instrumentation ; Telemedicine ; instrumentation ; Thoracoscopy

Humans ; Oral Surgical Procedures ; instrumentation ; methods ; Robotics ; instrumentation ; methods ; Surgery, Computer-Assisted ; instrumentation

Haptic feedback plays a significant role in minimally invasive robotic surgery (MIRS). A major deficiency of the current MIRS is the lack of haptic perception for the surgeon, including the commercially available robot da Vinci surgical system. In this paper, a dynamics model of a haptic robot is established based on Newton-Euler method. Because it took some period of time in exact dynamics solution, we used a digital PID arithmetic dependent on robot dynamics to ensure real-time bilateral control, and it could improve tracking precision and real-time control efficiency. To prove the proposed method, an experimental system in which two Novint Falcon haptic devices acting as master-slave system has been developed. Simulations and experiments showed proposed methods could give instrument force feedbacks to operator, and bilateral control strategy is an effective method to master-slave MIRS. The proposed methods could be used to tele-robotic system.
Feedback ; Humans ; Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures ; instrumentation ; Robotics ; instrumentation ; Surgery, Computer-Assisted ; instrumentation ; Touch Perception

The external wrapping of intracranial aneurysm is the definitive treatment of choice for surgical clipping or endovascular occlusion, yet there may exist considerable difficulties and risks because so far neither ideal wrapping techniques nor ideal wrapping materials have been obtained. An encapsulated aneurysm clip with biomembrane graft across the vessels is introduced in this article. By clipping the neck and wrapping the sack of aneurysm simultaneously, this clip successfully solves the problems of unreasonable encapsulated materials and techniques; it has been proved to be an effective method for treating intracranial refractory aneurysms.
Equipment Design ; Humans ; Intracranial Aneurysm ; surgery ; Ligation ; instrumentation ; Neurosurgical Procedures ; instrumentation ; Vascular Surgical Procedures ; instrumentation ; methods

The combination of the cryosurgery using LN2 and intelligent RF ablation therapeutic instrument based on the theory of local destruction is introduced in this paper, and this alternating therapy is believed to have a better controlling effect on tumor ablation. In heating period, a fuzzy algorithm is used to control the RF power to realize a more smoothly heating process to the target area.
Catheter Ablation ; instrumentation ; methods ; Cryosurgery ; instrumentation ; Equipment Design ; Humans ; Hyperthermia, Induced ; instrumentation ; methods ; Neoplasms ; surgery

Adult ; Balloon Occlusion ; instrumentation ; Cardiac Catheterization ; instrumentation ; Ductus Arteriosus, Patent ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Ligation ; instrumentation ; Recurrence

Sensors are apparatus that can percept specific matter information and change them into useful signals. They are widely used in medicine and are core components of medical equipments, and have become one of critical factors to accelerate the development of medicine. The applications of sensors in medical domain such as assistant examination, monitoring, treatment, disease prevention etc., and their progress tendency, were described detailedly in this article.
Biosensing Techniques ; instrumentation ; Capsule Endoscopy ; instrumentation ; Diagnostic Imaging ; instrumentation ; Fiber Optic Technology ; instrumentation ; Humans ; Monitoring, Physiologic ; instrumentation ; Surgery, Computer-Assisted ; instrumentation