Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Organophosphate Poisoning ; Pancreatitis, Acute Necrotizing ; etiology ; Pesticides ; poisoning ; Retrospective Studies ; Young Adult

Child ; Child, Preschool ; Computer Systems ; Humans ; Phylogeny ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; methods ; Respiratory Syncytial Viruses ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; methods

Objective To investigate clinical characteristics of refractory systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis(JIA)and the efficiency of glucocorticoid in therapy on this kind of disease.Methods Thirty-nine children with systemic JIA were divided into low dose group 0.5-1.0 mg/(kg?d)and high dose group 1.0-1.5 mg/(kg?d).And the efficiency was observed by change of active index after 10 and 20 days.Results The effective power was 58.8% and 72.7% after 10 days,respectively.After 20 days,the power was 76.5% and 90.9%,respectively.The power in high dose group was significantly higher than that in low dose group.It had no difference in statistical analysis for efficiency of 2 kind of glucocorticoid dosage to control fever,but it had obvious difference to control arthralgia,arthrocele,erythrocyte sedimentation rate(ESR),C-reactive protein(CRP).Conclusion Glucocorticoid therapy is very effective to control the activity of disease in patients with systemic JIA.

Objective To assess the quality of reporting randomized controlled trials published in Chinese journal of radiology from 2000 to 2005.Methods A manual search was performed and 22 checklists of CONSORT statements and other self-established criteria were applied.Results Six volumes and 72 issues were investigated.There were total trials of 236 in 2186 literatures,and finally 3 randomized controlled trials(RCTs)(1.27%)were identified.In the 3 RCTs,there were 3 trials with methods of randomization,1 with endpoints measurement,1 with multi-centre,but without the prior calculation of sample size,blind methods,statistically probability,participant flow,compliance and negative results.Conclusion The quality of reporting randomized controlled trials of interventional radiology has been improved,but it did not meet fully the CONSORT statement.

To compare the efficacy of interferon and thymosin alpha-1 combination therapy with interferon monotherapy for HBeAg positive chronic hepatitis B. The relevant randomized controlled trials were searched throughout PubMed, EBSCO, Cochrane Library, CBMdisc, VIP, WanFang since Janurary 1990. Studies were included if patients were followed up for at least 6 months after cessation of treatment. Meta-analysis was carried out with RevMan5.0 software. Subgroup analyses were used at different time of observation. Seven randomized controlled trials were included(535 patients in total). According to the results of meta-analysis, the combination therapy was remarkably more effective than monotherapy both at the end of the treatment and the follow-up in terms of HBV-DNA negative rate (54.9% vs 36.3%, OR=2.39, 95% CI=1.64-3.49, P value is less than 0.01; 58.6% vs 30.7%, OR=3.68, 95% CI=2.51-5.41, P value is less than 0.01, respectively), ALT normalization rate (74.5% vs 60.9%, OR=1.94, 95% CI=1.26-3.00, P value is less than 0.01; 74.0% vs 55.6%, OR=2.36, 95% CI=1.54-3.62, P value is less than 0.01, respectively), HBeAg loss rate (56.9% vs 36.7%, OR=2.38, 95% CI=1.61-3.51, P value is less than 0.01; 62.2% vs 33.2%, OR=3.42, 95% CI=2.31-5.06, P value is less than 0.01, respectively) , and HBeAg seroconversion rate (40.1% vs 29.0%, OR=1.65, 95% CI=1.10-2.47, P value is less than 0.05; 47.0% vs 29.5%, OR=2.13, 95% CI=1.43-3.16, P value is less than 0.01, respectively); the HBsAg loss rate of the combination therapy group was significantly higher than that of the monotherapy group only at the end of the follow-up (9.8% vs 3.7%, OR=2.92, 95% CI=1.09-7.76, P value is less than 0.05). Interferon and thymosin alpha-1 combination therapy achieves superior effect with no increase in the adverse effects as compared to interferon monotherapy for HBeAg positive chronic hepatitis B.
Antiviral Agents ; therapeutic use ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Hepatitis B e Antigens ; blood ; Hepatitis B, Chronic ; blood ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Interferons ; therapeutic use ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic ; Thymosin ; analogs & derivatives ; therapeutic use ; Treatment Outcome

Antigens, Viral ; metabolism ; China ; epidemiology ; Humans ; Influenza B virus ; classification ; genetics ; immunology ; Phylogeny

Adult ; Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors ; metabolism ; Cerebral Ventricle Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Fourth Ventricle ; Ganglioglioma ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein ; metabolism ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Nerve Tissue Proteins ; metabolism ; Oligodendrocyte Transcription Factor 2 ; Rosette Formation ; Synaptophysin ; metabolism ; Young Adult

Objective To assess the efficacy of two antibiotic prophylactic regimens in a prospective randomized trial in 1 year for patients undergoing insertion of catheters,and to provide the evidence for uniform consensus existing on the timing,route,and choice of antibiotic.Methods During a period of 12 months,78 patients,who consecutively entered the peritoneal dialysis programme,[45 women and 33 men,mean age (48.2?15.7)years] were included.The prophylactic regimens were a single dose of ceftriaxone (1.0 g) given intravenously 30 minutes before surgery (Group A) and given cefazolin (0.25 g/L) i.p.in the each dialysis bag for 3 days postoperatively (Group B).All operations were performed in one room.The wound was observed every day,and body temperature,Count of white blood corpuscle and type,dialysate were examined every day. Results In Group A and B,none of the patients showed peritonitis or wound infection during the post-operative period (within 10 days).One of 39 patients(2.5%) in the group A,and 2 of 39 patients (5.1%) in the group B had exit site infection (P＞0.05).Conclusions There is no significant difference in the incidence of peritonitis and wound infection between two groups. Prophylactic preoperative single-dose antibiotics intravenously do as well as antibiotics given intraperitoneally for peritoneal dialysis catheter insertion,but is much more convenient.

OBJECTIVETo study the changes of serum interleukin-15 (IL-15) levels and the expression of CD4(+)T (T-helper lymphocyte) subsets CD4(+)CD45RA(+) and CD4(+)CD45RO(+) in peripheral blood of children with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA).

METHODSThe serum concentration of IL-15 was detected using ELISA in 39 children with JRA. The expressions of CD4(+)CD45RA(+)T and CD4(+)CD45RO(+)T in peripheral blood were detected by flow cytometry in 24 out of the 39 patients with JRA. Twenty-six age and sex-matched healthy children were used as the Control group.

RESULTSThe mean serum IL-15 level in JRA patients was significantly higher than that in controls (1.37 +/- 0.98 pg/mL vs 0.96 +/- 0.41 pg/mL, P <0.05). Among the 39 JRA patients, the serum IL-15 level in 17 patients with systemic JRA increased remarkably (P < 0.01), but not in patients with the other two types of JRA, the oligoarthritis and polyarthritis (n=13, n=9, respectively), compared with that in controls. The mean serum IL-15 level of the JRA patients was significantly reduced after conventional treatment (P < 0.01). The serum IL-15 level in JRA patients positively correlated with white blood cell count (r=0.347, P <0.05) and C reactive protein (r=0.452, P < 0.01) but not with the erythrocyte sedimentation rate. The patients with high serum IL-15 levels (> or = medium level 1.73 pg/mL) had higher expression of CD4(+)CD45RO(+)T than those with low serum IL-15 levels (< medium level) (16.29 +/- 5.46% vs 11.75 +/- 3.15 %, P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSThe serum IL-15 levels in JRA patients increased significantly. An increased IL-15 level can transform CD45RA into CD45RO in peripheral blood of patients with JRA, and then result in T lymphocyte activation and mediate the immunopathological impairment. IL-15 may be used a marker for the evaluation of severity of JRA.

Adolescent ; Arthritis, Juvenile ; immunology ; CD4 Antigens ; analysis ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Interleukin-15 ; blood ; Leukocyte Common Antigens ; analysis ; Male ; T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer ; immunology

Objective To investigate the characteristics of infecting pathogens,their changes and antimicrobial susceptibilities on CAPD related peritonitis in our peritoneal dialysis(PD) center in the past 15 years.Methods Two hundred and six CAPD related peritonitis episodes in 145 patients from 2000 to 2005 were analyzed and compared with 109 episodes from 1991 to 2000.The causative pathogens,their antimicrobial susceptibilities and outcomes on CAPD related peritonitis from the two periods were retrospectively reviewed and compared.Results Culture negative rate decreased from 60.6% in 1990 s to 47.6% in the last five years (P=0.031 ).Among culture positive peritonitis episodes,the incidence of gram positive bacteria (GPB) peritonitis increased from 25.6% to 39.8% (P=0.059).This was mainly due to a significant increase in coagulase-neagative staphylococcus peritonitis,which significantly increased from 4.7% to 26.9% (P=0.01).Gram negative bacteria (GNB) peritonitis decreased slightly (44.2% vs 34.3%,P=0.322).The incidence of Klebsiella pneumoniae peritonitis significantly decreased (14.0% vs 3.7%,P=0.023),while Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichis coli peritonitis rates slightly increased (4.7% vs 9.3%,P = 0.338;7% vs 18.7%,P=0.072).The decrease of fungal peritonitis rate was not significant (30.2% vs 17.6%,P= 0.123).The comparison of clinical outcomes showed an improvement of total recovery rate from 68.8% in 1990 s to 73.9% for 2000-2005 (P=0.09).The catheter removal rate decreased from 19.2% to 14.3% (P=0.238),and the mortality from 10.1% to 5.4% (P=0.118).In both periods,fungal peritonitis had the poorest results,which all the patients either withdrew from PD or died.Conclusions Compared with that in 1990 s,the culture positive rate for CAPD related peritonitis in 2000-2005 has been greatly improved.Coagulase-negative staphylococcus is the most common causative pathogen.The mortality and catheter removal rate have been markedly reduced in the last five years.Fungal peritonitis is the most important reason for patients' dropout.