No abstract available.
Gene Expression*

The study of blood samples extracted directly from healthy people, who is Vietnamese and not relative, lives over the country. PCR technique and denaturing polyacrylamid gel electrophoresis were applied for determination of allele frequencies of D13S317. The primary results showed that allele frequencies of D13S317 locus was polymorphic AND, repetitive sequence unit of 4 nito- base which located on the long hand of chromosome No 13. The locus contained 9 alleles, 242-270 bp. The numbers of repeat units in population were 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15. The highest frequency at allele No 8, and allele No 7 had not appear in the observed samples.
Population ; Gene Frequency ; analysis

The role of suppression of small RNA molecules in the management of malignity and viral infection on human was studies and discussed. SiRNA (small interference RNA) suppressing gene expression was described. In the year 2001, Ribopharma AG researchers had first demontrated the function of RNAi in mammal cells. SIRPLEX is appropriate with target gene, for using in the treatment of suppression of pathological gene in various genera, including human.
RNA ; Genes ; Gene Silencing

Introduction: There are 5 identified DEC including EAEC, EHEC, EIEC, EPEC and ETEe. Virulent genes (for adherrnee, toxin, antibiotic resistance ...) play important roles in pathogenesis of DEe. Detection of DEC is very important in diagnosis, epidemiology survey and vaccine development. \r\n', u'Objectives: Detection of virulent gene distribution of DEC and non - DEe.\r\n', u'Object and methods: 161 strains of DEC (EAEC, EIEC, EPEC, TEC) and 100 strains of non - DEC were subjected to this study. PCR with specific primers were used to test these genes. \r\n', u'Results: EAEC that accounted for 50% of DEC, was identified and isolated. Aap gene was the highest prevalence in EAEC (96.5%), followed by aggR (79.1 %) and astA (60.5%). 37.2% of the strains harbor all three genes. None of strains had PCR results negative for these 3 genes. ETEC, EPEC and EIEC had aap, and astA gene at the prevalence from 7% to 72.7%. The highest prevalence of aap was seen in EIEC 72.7%), aggR in EIEC (45.5%), and astA in ETEC (50%). 14% of non - DEC had aggR and more than 30% of E. coli had aap and astA gene. \r\n', u'Conclusion: EAEC is prevalent at 50% among Diarreagenic E. coli. Aap is the most prevalent and the most commonly seen among EAEC isolates. The other three genes are at different prevalence. The findings contribute towards the vaccine development against diarrhea caused by E. coli. \r\n', u'
Distribution ; Virulent gene ; E.coli

Introduction: Diarrheagenic Escherichia Coli (DEC) is getting more and more important as a cause of diarrhea in children under 5 years of age. Detection of DEC prevalence and distribution of their virulent genes plays an important role in prevention and treatment for E.coli-related diseases and vaccine development. Objectives: This study was conducted with the aim to detect DEC prevalence and the distribution of virulent genes of DEC isolated from healthy children under 5 who were living in the community. Subjects and method: 826 children under-5 living in Ba Vi District, Ha Tay Province were selected. Polymerase chain reactions using specific primers to virulent genes of DEC were used. Results. The study found that the prevalence of DEC was 9.8%, among this EAEC accounted for 3.1%, EHEC 1.8%, EIEC 0.1%, EPEC 1.1%, ETEC 0.1% and two DECs 3.5%. Combinations of virulent genes of EHEC and EHEC+ETEC accounted for 50% of total virulent genes. Conclusion: Five types of DEC were isolated from subjects with the prevalence of 9.8%. The most common virulent genes were combinations of EHEC and ETEC. Further studies are needed to investigate the transmission pathway of DEC in children living in the community.
Escherichia coli ; Virulent gene

Background: Presently, toxicity decreased oral live rotavirus is a candidate for vaccine for the prevention of rotavirus induced diarrhea. According to the World Health Organization, the seed lot system is robustly checked, in which determining the stable of gene sequence. Objective: To determine the sequence of genes 4: 6: 9: 10 with base pair correlative 855: 824: 1314: 734 of seed lot system G1P4 (2001019210) during production of rotavirus vaccine. Subject and methods: Gene 4 (VP4), gene 6 (VP6), gene 9 (VP7) and gene 10 (NSP4) of seed lot system G1P4 were determined for gene sequencing and then comparing the nucleotide sequence as well as deduced amino acids from original strain with the produced strain and vaccine virus. Results and Conclusion: There was no different for nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequence from the original strain during the production of rotavirus vaccine of G1P4 MS (2001019210) to producing strains of G1P4 WS and vaccine strains of G1P4 VX.
rotavirus vaccine ; gene sequence

Background: Evaluation of genetic relationship of pathogenic Vibrio cholerae clones isolated from specimens and different areas throughout analysis of various genes\u2019 sequence, in particularly, housekeeping genes provides the most accurate molecular database to molecular epidemiological surveillance. Objective: To evaluate the genetic relationship of pathogenic Vibrio cholerae clones in Vietnam to some other pathogenic clones throughout analysis of 2 housekeeping genes\u2019 sequence mdh and hlyA. Subject and methods: 2 housekeeping genes, mdh (malate dehydrogenase) and hlyA (hemolysin) were sequenced and submitted to the GeneBank with accession numbers AJ575356 and AJ576090. These sequences were compared with mdh and hlyA sequences from pathogenic strains of sixth and seventh cholera pandemics and from environmental strains. Results and Conclusion: The analysis results by MEGA3.0 software showed that the mdh and hlyA sequences from the pathogenic clones of Vietnam, sixth pandemic and seventh pandemic were rather similar, although having 11-bp deletion in hlyA gene of sixth pandemic clone. The 11-pb deletion in hlyA of the sixth pandemic clone was a characterization that distinguished the classical and El Tor types. Phylogenetic tree were constructed by the neighbor-joining method based on the mdh and hlyA sequences indicated that the Vietnam strain was very closely related to strains of sixth and seventh pandemics (the genetic distance: 0.2%). This evidenct suggested that the pathogenic clone in Vietnam diverged from a common ancestor with the sixth and seventh pandemic clones which had the intact properties of the pathogenic agent. \r\n', u'\r\n', u'
Vibrio cholerae ; housekeeping gene

Background: Salmonella typhi (S.typhi) is the major cause of human typhoid fever outbreaks. In fact, there were various typhoid fever outbreaks that occurred in China, and India that was caused by S.typhi strain without Vi antigen. Objective: To determine whether the S.typhi strains with mutation of gene encoding Vi antigen exists in Vietnam and the rate of mutation (if they exists). Subject and methods: 450 S.typhi isolates were collected in the Northern, Central and Southern Region of Vietnam during 1995 and 2005. The isolates were analyzed by the PCR method in order to detect mutants by using 2 primer pairs of tviB and DE. Results and Conclusion: There was no clear evidence on the relationship between the widely used Typhi Vi vaccine in Vietnam and the existence and spread of the mutation of gene encoding Vi antigen of S.typhi. 30 out of 450 isolates mutated losing the gene encoding of Vi antigen, making it 6.67%. These isolates were spread out between 1995 and 2005 throughout the Northern, Central and Southern Regions of Vietnam, with a peak in 1999. A noteworthy point was the rate of mutation of S.typhi losing the gene encoding of Vi antigen in Vietnam during the period of study. However, the mutation rate of S.typhi in Vietnam was still higher than the ratio of similar mutations being published in the other countries worldwide and higher than the recommended level of the World Health Organization.
gene mutation ; Salmonella typhi

No abstract available.
Gene Expression Regulation* ; Oocytes*

BACKGROUNDAlthough biomedical ontologies have standardized the representation of gene products across species and databases, a method for determining the functional similarities of gene products has not yet been developed.

METHODSWe proposed a new semantic similarity measure based on Gene Ontology that considers the semantic influences from all of the ancestor terms in a graph. Our measure was compared with Resnik's measure in two applications, which were based on the association of the measure used with the gene co-expression and the protein-protein interactions.

RESULTSThe results showed a considerable association between the semantic similarity and the expression correlation and between the semantic similarity and the protein-protein interactions, and our measure performed the best overall.

CONCLUSIONThese results revealed the potential value of our newly proposed semantic similarity measure in studying the functional relevance of gene products.