Australia ; Child ; Child Abuse ; prevention & control ; psychology ; therapy ; trends ; Child Abuse, Sexual ; psychology ; therapy ; Humans

Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Child ; Child Abuse ; prevention & control ; psychology ; Health Services Needs and Demand ; trends ; Humans

Child ; Child Abuse ; prevention & control ; Congresses as Topic ; Humans

BACKGROUND: Previous studies have proved platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) with osteoinduction ability, and the centrifugal speed and time to prepare rabbit advanced PRF (A-PRF) with the most similar structure to that of human PRF have been determined.OBJECTIVE: To observe the histological changes during A-PRF-induced osteogenesis.METHODS: Thirty Japanese white rabbits were randomly divided into A-PRF and blank control groups (n=15 per group).The full-thickness defect models were established on the rabbit parietal bone, followed by implanted with A-PRF or nothing, respectively. The model rabbits were killed immediately, at 2, 4, 8 and 12 weeks after modeling, to grossly observe the bone formation, and the histological changes in the defect region were observed through hematoxylin-eosin staining, Masson staining and immunohistochemistry.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Unhealed defects were observed in the blank control group. Gross and histological observations showed that the speed, amount and maturity of bone formation in the A-PRF group were significantly better than those in the blank control group immediately, 4, 8 and 12 weeks after modeling (P < 0.05). Our findings suggest that the rabbit skull bone defect is successfully established. A-PRF can induce osteogenesis, and more mature newly born bones appear with time. Additionally, osteoclasts can act with osteoblasts synergically under the A-PRF induction to promote the bone formation.

Anti-Bacterial Agents ; therapeutic use ; Drug Resistance, Microbial ; Humans

Objective To study the changes of somatostatin(SOM) in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of children with convulsive diseases.Methods Sixty-seven children with convulsive diseases were studied as following:obtaining the samples of plasma in the 1st and 7th day after being in hospital,and the samples of CSF in the 1st after being in hospital.We investigated the changes of SOM in plasma and CSF with radioimmunoassay(RIA).Results 1.Convulsive group:the concentration of SOM in plasma in the 7th day(29.47?9.40 ng/L) was significant lower than that in the 1st day(39.23?11.00 ng/L)(t=21.530 P0.05).The concentration of SOM in plasma in the 1st day in control group was(19.58?6.04) ng/L.There were significant differences in convulsive group and encephalitis group without convulsion, control group(t= 6.847,7.921 P

OBJECTIVETo study the effect of childhood physical and emotional abuse on psychological health in undergraduate students.

METHODSA questionnaire investigation (Bernstein, revised) on childhood abuse history was performed in 1 200 undergraduate students in Xi'an. Their psychological states were assessed by Symptom Check List-90.

RESULTSSix hundred and sixty-eight students (55.7%) had physical and emotional abuse experiences, including humiliation, corporal punishment, beating or activity confinement, before 16 years old. Twenty-one percent of the 1 200 students experienced beating, even serious beating with equipment. The students who experienced serious physical and emotional abuse during childhood were more prone to the development of somatization symptoms, obsession, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, anxiety, hostility, phobic anxiety and paranoia than those students without abuse experiences.

CONCLUSIONSChildhood physical and emotional abuse is common in China and this may adversely affect the psychological health of undergraduate students who have experienced it.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Child Abuse ; psychology ; statistics & numerical data ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Mental Health ; Retrospective Studies ; Students ; psychology ; Universities

Humans ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Receptors, Calcitriol ; genetics ; Rickets ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo analyze the current status of maternal HIV infection, mother to child transmission, and the work accomplishments in preventing mother-to-child transmission of HIV (PMTCT).

METHODSDuring October, 2001 to May, 2009, HIV voluntary consultation and examination were carried out in 339 866 pregnant women in the urban areas, while 594 pregnant women who tested positive were intervened, and interventions were also conducted among 326 babies who were born to HIV positive mothers, including HIV immune body examination on the babies when they were 12 months and 18 months old.

RESULTSA total of 594 pregnant women were found HIV positive, with the positive rate of 0.17% (594/339 866). And the rate was declining year by year. The highest rate was 0.47% (37/7837) in 2002, and the lowest rate was 0.12% (86/73 343) in 2008. Of the 594 positive pregnant women, 228 (38.38%) terminated pregnancy voluntarily, 43 (7.24%) kept on pregnancy and 317 (53.37%) parturients. Of 326 babies born by the 317 parturients, 317 survived.298 received curbing intervention for mother to child transmission (PMTCT), the ratio was 94.01% (298/317). Of 224 babies who were 18 months old, 221 accepted examination, and 7 HIV positive. The maternal infant transmission rate after intervention was 3.17% (7/221).

CONCLUSIONThrough the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV, the HIV infection status in the pregnant women can be timely observed, which can effectively decrease the level of mother-to-child transmission of HIV.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ; prevention & control ; transmission ; Adult ; China ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical ; prevention & control ; Pregnancy