AIM:To study the prepartion of Ruanganxiaoshui Cataplasma and it's percutaneous absorption in vitro as well as dissolvability in vitro. METHODS: In the experiment,orthogonal test was used to optimize the preparation.Meanwhile,with the help of azole and propylene alcohol the percutaneous absorption of ginsenoside Rg_1 from the cataplasma carriers in vitro was determined by Franz's diffusion cell and HPLC,as well as dissolution rate in vitro. RESULTS: The percutaneous absorption rate of ginsenoside Rg_1 through rat skin in vitro was 0.394 ?g/cm~2/h.And the dissolution process fitted to first order model. CONCLUSION: The Cataplasma carriers possess a good drug dissolution property.To add compound penetration enhancers is one of the effective methods for raising percutaneous absorption.

Denture Precision Attachment ; classification ; Humans

Crowns ; Dentures ; Humans

Denture Retention ; Denture, Partial, Removable ; Humans

Denture Precision Attachment ; Humans ; Tooth Loss ; therapy

Dental Caries ; etiology ; therapy ; Denture Precision Attachment ; Denture Retention ; Humans ; Periapical Periodontitis ; etiology ; therapy ; Periodontitis ; etiology ; therapy ; Pulpitis ; etiology ; therapy

Denture Design ; Denture Precision Attachment ; Humans

Objective To study the effect of heat treatment with sol-gel method on the surface of Ni-Cr alloy for PFM after Ti coating. Methods To establish the sol-gel method of Ti coating on the surface of Ni-Cr dental casting alloy for PFM(pre-treatment for the surface of Ni-Cr alloy,preparation of sol,coating,heat treatment) and to evaluate the color and fragmentation of 10 materials after heat treatment by ISO 10289. Results When kept at a higher condensation temperature and held for a longer time,the materials had less fragmentation.A higher agglutination temperature and a longer time made the materials look deep.When the condensation process was heat treated at(200 ℃) for 2 h and the agglutination process at 450 ℃ for 2 h,the thin film of Ti combined firmly with the surface of Ni-Cr alloy. Conclusion The procedure for heat treatment of Ti coating will affect the level of oxidation reaction on the surface of Ni-Cr alloy,and will change the level of combination between Ti and Ni-Cr alloy.

Objective To study the effect of Mutans Streptococcus(S.Mutans) on the corrosion resistance of Ni-Cr alloy. Methods S.Mutans were isolated in TSB,and then 10~(5)10~6 CFU/mL of bacterial population was reached.The self-corrosion electrical current density and the corrosion electrical current potential of Ni-Cr alloy were found from polarization curves under the condition with or without media plus S.Mutans.The surface of Ni-Cr alloy after bacterial corrosion was examined with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS) to find out different element contents.(Results)From polarization curves,it could be found that the self-corrosion electrical current density and the corrosion electrical current potential of Ni-Cr alloy without S.Mutans were 53.5 ?A/cm~(2)and-62 mV,and those with S.Mutans were 75.7 ?A/cm~(2)and-220 mV.Examination of XPS showed that besides Ni and Cr,the element of chlorine(Cl),sulphur(S),calcium(Ca) could be found on the surface of Ni-Cr alloy after bacterial corrosion.(Conclusion Because of) the metabolism of S.Mutans,an oxide film could be destroyed and a biofilm be formed on the surface of Ni-Cr alloy.Bacterial corrosion could lower the corrosion resistance performance of Ni-Cr alloy.

Objective To investigate the specific expression of nucleolin in the development of cap-stage tooth germ of mouse embryo,and detect the possible biological function of nucleolin. Methods In situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry were performed to detect the expression of nucleolin mRNA and protein in the development of tooth germ at embryo day 15(E15).Double staining for apoptotic cells and nucleolin was employed to explore the relationship between nucleoin and apoptosis in tooth germ. Results The expression of nucleolin mRNA and protein was mainly detected in the cervical loop,inner epithelium and the underlying dental papilla.Moreover,nucleolin protein was also located in the primary enamel knot and basement membrane.It was revealed by double staining that the fluorescence images of nucleolin and the location of apoptotic cells were not overlapped. Conclusion The expression pattern of nucleolin mRNA do not completely coincide with that of nucleolin protein at the cap stage of tooth germ.The location for nucleolin protein in the basement membrane suggests that nucleolin may be involved in the reciprocal interactions between the inner epithelium and dental papilla mesenchyme,subsequently affect the morphogenesis of tooth germ.