This article introduced the recognitions of the ovigin and development of phlegm and fluid-retention by ancient Chinese and Japanese doctors,as well as the formation of phlegm,the idenfification,and the treatment based on syndrome differentiation.Chinese and Japanese doctors enriched the understanding of phlegm together with the therapeutic methods.

Objective: To analysis the finding of never conduction velocity(NCV) in patients with ALS and investigate the clinical significance of NCV. Methods: Keypoint was applied to estimate the NCV of median,ulnar,tibial,peroneal in 106patients with ALS and 123healthy volunteers,in which sunface electrodes was used for both stimulating and recording. Results: SCV of median and MCV of median,ulnar,peroneal in patient group was a significant difference as compared with the normal subjects;A significant difference was noted in all latency except sensory fiber of median.A significant differencence of compound muscle action potential amplitude of medial,ulnar,tibial was noted in two groups. Conclusion: NCV in patients with ALS could show abnormal slowing,so the valuation for differentiation of NCV is not so good as the clinical signs and the distribution of electromyographic abnormalities.

Medical insurance system is good for fair distribution and disposition, dealing with relationships between social benefits and economic benefit, as well as fair implementation on both doctors and patients' intersets, so that it benefits medical moral fairness.

The physical feature of gallbladder is gallbladder qi dominating ascending, which has two meanings, one is gallbladder dominates ascending of Yang qi, and the other is gallbladder has the nature of dispersing stagnated qi.Gallbladder has the physical features of gallbladder qi dominating ascending and bile dominating decending. The opposite movement of ascending and descending conforms to Yin and Yang theory in Chinese medicine.

Military medical ethics is a famous theory abroad and have drawn controversy.We should enhance the study of the subject.Understanding the principle and the difficulties is the premise for the study of the theory.

This paper was to discuss the case analysis method for teaching basic theory of TCM. First, it is found that case analysis can help improve learning interest of students and develop their abilities of thinking and analysis. Secondly, it can play a solid foundation for students to study the following professional basic courses and help them gain the interest of other courses, and understand the continuous knowledge of TCM. Finally, it benefited teachers to develop their ability of teaching and clinical practice.

BACKGROUND: Effect of metabolic disorders after kidney transplantation on prognosis, especially new-onset diabetes after transplantation (NODAT), has aroused concerns. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the risk factors for NODAT in renal transplant recipients, thus providing reference for identifying high-risk patients and taking active prevention measures. METHODS: Clinical data of 365 patients undergoing allograft renal transplantation were analyzed retrospectively. According to whether NODAT occurred or not, all the patients were assigned to NODAT (n=71) and non-NODAT (n=294) groups. The independent risk factors for NODAT were determined using univariate and non-conditional multivariate logistic regression analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The cumulative incidence of NODAT in renal transplant recipients within year postoperatively was 19.45%. Non-conditional multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age ≥ 45 years old, body mass index ≥ 25 kg/m2, family history of diabetes mellitus and acute rejection were associated with NODAT in renal transplant recipients. To conclude, the age, family history of diabetes mellitus, high body mass index and acute rejection can increase the incidence of NODAT in renal transplant recipients.

The mentorship for young college instructorspolicy is aiming to provide an individual training for the young teachers to improve their teaching skills efficiently. In this article, the advantages for improving the young teachers teaching ability through the fundamental teaching, scientific research quality and clinical practice were briefly discussed.

Objective: To investigate the impact of levosimendan on mortality in patients with severe heart failure (HF) by Meta-analysis. Methods: We search the PubMed, EMBASE and Cochrane Central Registry of cardiovascular disease to identify all randomized impact of levosimendan vs other medications. The document retrieval was from the establishment of each database until 2014-07. The literatures were taken based on Jadad scale standard and the qualified control study was used without dose and time restrictions by Rev Man 5.2 soft ware, and a total of 37 articles with 4470 patients were finally enrolled for Meta-analysis. Results: Compared with controlling medications, levosimendan could decrease the mortality in patients with cardiac disease caused severe HF (RR: 0.85; 95% CI 0.75-0.97;P=0.02), and cardiac surgery caused severe HF (RR: 0.49; 95% CI 0.28-0.85;P=0.01). Compared with dobutamine, levosimendan could reduce the mortality in patients with severe HF (RR: 0.84; 95% CI 0.73-0.99;P=0.02) and severe ischemic HF (RR: 0.85; 95% CI 0.73-0.99;P=0.04). Conclusion: Levosimendan may reduce the mortality in patients with severe HF caused by cardiac disease, cardiac surgery and ischemic cardiac injury.

Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) and iNOS/COX-2 signal transduction path-ways are closely related to occurrence and development of diseases , such as tumor, immunity, inflammation, hypoxia, ischemia, injury and so on.iNOS/COX-2 controls the physiological and pathological activities of human lower urinary tract .This article summarizes the role and mechanism of iNOS/COX-2 signal transduction pathways in related diseases .It not only provids an important target for treat-ment of disease and but provides a theoretical basis and research ideas for the development and research of new drugs .