No abstract available.
Anesthesia, Epidural* ; Diuresis*

No abstract available.
Diuresis* ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn*

No abstract available.
Animals ; Diuresis* ; HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins* ; Rats* ; Urinary Bladder*

Renal functional changes following relief of obstruction were investigated with a prospective aspect in a series of 15 postoperative patients using standard renal function measurements with emphasis on osmolar and free water clearance. Sequential measurements of free water clearance revealed earlier changes of postoperative renal function than that of standard renal function. The advantage of this measurement was in postoperative patients with adequate amount of urine output or diuresis. It may be helpful to the management of patients with obstructive uropathy and to early prediction of acute renal failure, especially in patients with post-obstructive diuresis.
Acute Kidney Injury ; Biomarkers* ; Diuresis ; Humans ; Prospective Studies ; Water*

The present experiment was designed to investigate renal function in conscious rabbits. Pentobarbital caused some reduction of urinary volume and hemohynamics, but the changes were not significant. UnaV, UkV, UclV were not changed by pentobarbital in dose of 3.0~9.0mg/kg i.v.. Urinary flow snd UclV were not changed by pentothal sodium, 5.0mg/kg i.v., but the UnaV and UclV increased from 30.61 to 66.19 uEq/min, from 28.29 to 62.91 uEq/min respectively, after pentothal sodium. There was no change in urinary potassium secretion after pentothal sodium. Left renal arterial infusion of pentothal sodium caused small changes in GFR, and clear increments of UnaV and UclV localized in that kidney in the urethane anesthetized rabbit. Natriuretic and chloruretic effect of pentothal sodium were not seen in mannitol diuresis. These data suggest that 1) the effects of pentobarbital and pentothal may not be the sam in conscious rabbit renal function, 2) natriuretic and chloruetic effect by pentothal may be caused by direct inhibition of sodium reabsorption in the distal nephron in the rabbit.
Diuresis ; Kidney ; Mannitol ; Nephrons ; Pentobarbital ; Potassium ; Rabbits* ; Sodium ; Thiopental ; Urethane

Nocturnal polyuria is one of the main pathogenic mechanisms of enuresis. Disturbance of circadian rhythm of antidiuretic hormone (ADH or AVP), hypercalciuria, and/or solute diuresis are considered to cause nocturnal polyuria, which in turn causes enuresis in patients with relatively small bladder capacity and high threshold for awakening. Evaluation of these factors would guide the therapeutic approach for enuresis.
Circadian Rhythm ; Diuresis ; Enuresis ; Humans ; Hypercalciuria ; Polyuria ; Urinary Bladder

PURPOSE: This is a descriptive study conducted in order to survey sleep patterns and factors responsible for sleep disturbance among adolescent cancer patients after hospital admission. METHODS: The study group included 46 adolescent cancer patients aged 10 to 19 who received admission care in multi-bed hospital rooms from March to June 2016. Data on patterns and quality of sleep, and factors causing sleep disturbance were recorded using the Verran and Snyder-Halpern (VSH) Sleep Scale, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and a sleep disturbance questionnaire. RESULTS: There was no difference in patterns and quality of sleep prior to and after hospital admission in the study group. However, patients experienced sleep disturbance, as defined by PSQI > 5, both before (5.43) and after (6.30) admission. The most important physical, emotional and environmental factors causing sleep disturbance after admission were nocturnal diuresis, monotony of admission care, and crying of younger patients respectively. CONCLUSION: This study focused on sleep patterns and factors causing sleep disturbance after hospital admission for adolescent cancer patients. Future studies should aim to develop nursing interventions resulting in an environment that improves sleep quality. Additional studies should focus on developing daytime programs to determine the impact of admission care on other quality of life parameters.
Adolescent* ; Crying ; Diuresis ; Humans ; Nursing ; Quality of Life ; Sleep Wake Disorders

In this study, effects of the intraventricular and intravenous dimethylphenylpiperazinium (DMPP) on the renal function of rabbits were investigated. Intraventricular DMPP (100 microgram) elicited diuresis following antidiuresis concomitant with the changes in renal blood flow, glomerular filtration rate and urinary excretory amount of electrolytes (Na and K). The changes in urine flow correlated with the changes in renal blood flow, glomerular filtration rate and excretory rates of electrolytes in urine. Intravenous DMPP (50 microgram/kg) did not affect the renal function.
Dimethylphenylpiperazinium Iodide ; Diuresis ; Electrolytes ; Glomerular Filtration Rate ; Rabbits* ; Renal Circulation

Hypernatremia in adults is a common problem that has been associated with mortality rates ranging from 40% to 60%. Clinical characteristics of hospital-acquired hypernatremia have not been well defined. To evaluate the difference between hypernatremia on admission and hospital-acquired hypernatremia, we reviewed 50 patients with hypernatremia at Hanyang University Guri Hospital for 51-month period from 1 March 2001 to 31 May 2005. We defined hypernatremia as serum sodium concentration more than or equal to 150 mEq/L. Hospital-acquired hypernatremia was more frequently (62%) observed than hypernatremia on admission (38%). Patients with hypernatremia on admission (73.1+/-11.7 years) were older than those with hospital-acquired hypernatremia (59.3+/-13.7 years). Only 30% of patients was alert in mental status. Fifty six percent of all patients (n=50) had neurologic problem such as head injury, cerebral infarction or hemorrhage. Admission hypernatremia was caused by severe dehydration due to no access to water. Seventy seven percent of hospital-acquired hypernatremic patients were associated with diuretics and solute diuresis. Treatments of hospital-acquired hypernatremia were also delayed and inadequate. Rate of correction in 6, 12, 24 hours after peak sodium level was not different between hypernatremia on admission and hospital-acquired hypernatremia. More rapid correction during 6 hours in hypernatremia on admission was associated with higher mortality (survival 2.1+/-0.7 mEq/L, death 7.1+/-4.9 mEq/L, p<0.05). Higher mortality was observed in patients with more severe renal insufficiency. In conclusion, hospital-acquired hypernatremia is largely avoidable by clinical attention and appropriate therapy. Patients with cerebrovascular events or renal insufficiency, patients treated with diuretics or hypertonic solute need careful fluid management and the close monitoring of blood sodium level. Particularly, the rate of correction during the first 6 hours should be also managed very cautiously in hypernatermia on admission.
Adult ; Cerebral Infarction ; Craniocerebral Trauma ; Dehydration ; Diuresis ; Diuretics ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Hypernatremia* ; Mortality ; Renal Insufficiency ; Sodium

BACKGROUND: K+ channel opener has been considered as a vasorelaxing agent working through hyperpolarization of vascular smooth muscle cells. Renal tubules-proximal, thick ascending limb of Henle and cortical collecting duct-are the site of the diversity of the K+ channel. ATP-sensitive K+ channel has been observed in the apical membranes of the thick ascending limb of Henle and collecting duct, and basolateral membrane of the proximal tubule. It was also shown that K+ channel opener increased renal hemodynamics and elicited diuretic and natriuretic effects. METHODS: To clarify the renal effects of WAY120491, a K+ channel opener, experiments were performed in unanesthetized normotensive and renal hypertensive rabbits allowing unilateral renal arterial infusion of agent. RESULTS: Intrarenal arterial infusion (0.13, 0.32 and 0.64 microgram/kg/min) of WAY120491 increaased CPAH, CCr, urine volume, UNaV, UKV and CH2O. Renal hemodynamic effects and increments of urine volume and free water clearance were completely blocked by glibenclamide (8.2 g/kg/min), while increments of UNaV and FENa were not significantly affected. Renal hemodynamic and tubular effects of WAY120491 were not significantly different in two-kidney one clip Goldblatt hypertensive rabbits from sham-operated rabbits. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that WAY120491 elicits renal effects through ATP-sensitive K+ channel in the renal vasculatures and renal tubules and the renal effects of WAT120491 may not be altered in the hypertension.
Diuresis ; Extremities ; Glyburide ; Hemodynamics ; Hypertension ; Membranes ; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular ; Natriuresis ; Natriuretic Agents ; Rabbits* ; Water