OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of compound Danshen Dripping Pill (DSP) on carotid arterial intima-media thickness (IMT) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

METHODSOne hundred and thirty T2DM patients were assigned to four groups, 32 in the Group A, the control group treated with blood glucose (BG) and blood pressure (BP) controlling; 32 in the Group B, with BG, BP and blood lipid (BL) controlling, 32 in Group C with BG, BP, BL controlling and vitamin E administration, and 34 in Group D with BG, BP, BL controlling and DSP administration. Patients in Group D were subdivided by Chinese medicine syndrome differentiation into four types, 8 of Yin-deficiency with flourishing heat type (YDFH), 5 of both qi-yin deficient type (BQYD), 8 of both yin-yang deficient type (BYYD) and 13 of blood-stasis and qi-stagnant type (BSQS). Fasting blood glucose (FBG), BP and BL in patients were observed periodically, and IMT in them were measured by ultrasonography before treatment, as well as at the end of the 1st, 3rd, and 5th year of treatment to dynamically observe the changes of IMT and condition of plaque formation, and analyze the relation between them with FBG, BP and BL.

RESULTSThe 5-year follow-up was performed in 105 patients. In the observation period, level of total cholesterol (TC) showed a decreasing trend and level of high density cholesterol (HDL-C) showed an increasing trend in all the 4 groups, the improvements in Group C and D were slightly better than those in Group B, while significantly superior to those in Group A; the changes of FBG and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbAlc) were insignificant in the 4 groups. IMT and numbers of atheroma plaque increased gradually in all groups in the observation period, however, the changes in Group D were lesser than those in other groups, showing significant difference (P < 0.01). It was showed that the increasing of cervical carotid IMT in T2DM patients was correlated with levels of HbAlc, HDL-C, LDL-C, triglyceride and TC, especially in Group D.

CONCLUSIONDSP might delay the occurrence and development of diabetic macro-vascular disease.

Carotid Arteries ; pathology ; Carotid Intima-Media Thickness ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Diabetic Angiopathies ; pathology ; prevention & control ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Middle Aged ; Phytotherapy ; Salvia miltiorrhiza ; chemistry ; Tunica Intima ; pathology ; Tunica Media ; pathology

OBJECTIVETo introduce a new procedure for repairing coronal or subcoronal hypospadias with severe chordee.

METHODSA modified technique of elongating the anterior urethra, combined with the MAGPI procedure, was used to repair the coronal or subcoronal hypospadias in 19 severe chordee patients (aged 5 to 12 years). The fibrous bands on the ventral aspect of the penis were excised to correct the chordee. If the penile curvature still remained, the corpora cavernosa dissection and elongation could be applied.

RESULTSAll of the patients were successfully treated by this procedure in one stage.

CONCLUSIONSThe modified technique of the anterior urethra elongation, combined with MAGPI procedure, might be one of the simple and effective method for repairing coronal or subcoronal hypospadias with severe chordee.

Child ; Child, Preschool ; Humans ; Hypospadias ; surgery ; Male ; Penile Diseases ; surgery ; Penis ; surgery ; Urethra ; surgery

Objective To study the immunophenotypic features of NK/T cell lymphoma in children and its association with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection. Methods Five cases of children′s NK/T cell lymphoma were studied. CD45RO, CD3?, CD56, CD20, TIA-1 and granzyme B were detected by immunohistochemistry staining for investigating immunophenotype. The expression of EBV-latent membrane protein (LMP-1) were detected by immunohistochemistry. EBV-encoded RNA (EBER1/2) were detected by in situ hybridization (ISH). Results CD45RO, CD3?, TIA-1 and granzyme B were positive in 5 cases, CD56 was positive in 2 cases, while CD20 negative in 5 cases.EBER1/2 positive in 4 cases and LMP-1 positive in 3 cases.Conclusions NK/T cell lymphoma in children is strong associated with EBV infection,and EBV infection may play an important role in the pathogenesis of children NK/T cell lymphoma.

Objective To establish a multiplex loop-mediated isothermal amplification(mLAMP)method for simultaneous detection of Salmonella,Vibrio parahaemolyticus (VPH)and Listeria monocytogenes (LM).Methods Three sets of mLAMP primers were designed to specifically target bcfD of Salmonella and tlh of VPH and iap of LM.The respective single LAMP assay of the three kinds of bacteria was developed,and the ratio of primer concentration was optimized to develop a multiplex LAMP system.The specificity and sensitivity of multiplex LAMP were observed.Results Turbidity monitoring results in real time suggests that the mLAMP was highly specific and amplification could be obtained within 45 min under isothermal conditions.The sensitivity of this mLAMP was found to be 300 fg/μl genomic DNAs for Salmonella and 4.2 pg/μl for VPH and 4.5 pg/μl for LM,which was consistent with conventional PCR.Conclusion The mLAMP described can potentially facilitate simultaneous detection of three kinds of bacteria in a large number of food samples, which could be used as a primary screening method and as a supplement to classical detection methods.

Objective: To analyze the efficiency of ureteroscope and biopsy in the diagnosis of tumor grade, muscle-invasiveness and multifocality in suspected upper tract urinary carcinoma (UTUC) patients in order to find out whether it can be used in the risk stratification of UTUC patients.Methods: A retrospective study of 76 UTUC patients who underwent preoperative ureteroscope and/or biopsy and received radical nephroureterectomy in Peking University Third Hospital during January 2014 to December 2016 was undertaken.Results: In this study, 76 patients were included.There were 31 males (40.8%), and 45 females (59.2%).The median age was 64.5 years (31-88), and 51 patients had the symptom of hematuresis.The tumor was located in renal pelvis in 39 patients, and in ureter in 37 patients.Post-operative pathology confirmed that all the 76 patients included in this study suffered from UTUC, of whom 21 (21.6%) were of low-grade, 51 (67.1%) were of high-grade, 4 (5.3%) were undetermined, and 47 (61.9%) patients were muscle-invasive, and 27 (35.5%) were not, and 2 (2.6%) were undetermined.Among the 50 patients, in whom the grade of the tumor could be diagnosed by biopsy, the sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value and negative predictive value for low-grade tumor was 88.2%, 69.7%, 76.0%, 60.0% and 92.0%, respectively.Among the 27 patients, in whom the muscle-invasiveness could be diagnosed by biopsy, 5 patients were diagnosed with muscle-invasiveness, all confirmed by pathology after surgery and 22 patients were diagnosed with none muscle-invasiveness, turned out to be 50% muscle-invasive and 50% none-muscle invasive after surgery.The accuracy was 59.3%.The accuracy of ureteroscopic biopsy to diagnosis multifocality was 61.0%.On univariate ana-lysis, biopsy grade was associated with postoperative pathology (P=0.001), while gender, age, side, body mass index (BMI), hematuresis, preoperative estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), hydronephrosis, tumor size, location, multifocality and sessile were not associated with postoperative pathology grade.Biopsy grade (P=0.02), preoperative eGFR<90 mL/(min·1.73 m2)(P=0.025) and tumor located in pelvis (P=0.049) were associated with muscle invasiveness.Gender, age, side, BMI, hematuresis, hydronephrosis, tumor size, multifocality and sessile were not significantly associated with muscle invasiveness.Conclusion: Ureteroscope and biopsy can assist risk stratification in upper tract urothelial carcinoma patients.

OBJECTIVETo research the bacteriostatic effects of Qingkailing Injection Extract (QKLIE) and combination therapy of Qingkailing Injection (QKLI) and antibiotics on bacteria carrying New Delhi metallo-3-lactamase 1 (NDM-1) blaNDM-1 resistance gene, and to determine their minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC).

METHODSThe antimicrobial experiments of QKLIE (Radix Isatidis, baicalin, gardenia, honeysuckle) and combination therapy of QKLI and antibiotics were performed by using the agar dilution method and K-B method. The MIC was determined from each extract.

RESULTSThere were different degrees of inhibitory effects on resistant bacteria carrying blaNDM-1 by extracts from main components of QKLI. Of them, the inhibitory effect of baicalin was the best and the MIC of the resistant bacteria was 0.015 g/mL to WD, 0.020 g/mL to WX, 0. 005 g/mL to WJ, and more than 0.020 g/mL to pGEX-4T-NDM-1/DH5alpha (GST-NDM-1), respectively. The MIC value of each extract was sequenced from high to low as baicalin, honeysuckle, gardenia, and Radix Isatidis. Furthermore, combination therapy of QKLI and antibiotics greatly enhanced the antimicrobial activity of each antibiotics when used alone, showing very obvious antibacterial effects on multidrug resistant bacteria carrying blaNDM-1 gene. Of them, the optimal effects were obtained when combined with penicillins (penicillin G, mezlocillin, piperacillin/ tazobactam, ampicillin/sulbactam), with the antibacterial effects improved by 10 folds. The antibacterial effects of other kinds of antibiotics were improved to some extent. Conclusions QKLIE and combination therapy of QKLI and antibiotics showed better bacteriostatic effects on resistant bacteria carrying blaNDM-1 gene. This study provided theoretical bases for drug development, medication and treatment for super-resistant bacteria carrying blaNDM-1.

Anti-Bacterial Agents ; pharmacology ; Bacteria ; drug effects ; genetics ; Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial ; drug effects ; genetics ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; beta-Lactamases ; genetics

AIM: To discover more active and water-soluble derivatives of tetracyclic diterpenoids containing an exo-methylene cyclopentanone or an α-methylenelactone moiety. METHODS: All of the key intermediates were synthesized from stevioside, and the target compounds were obtained through glycosylation of the 4-carboxyl group. The cytotoxicity of the target compounds against six human cancer cell lines, HepG2, Bel-7402, A549, U251, MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231, were evaluated by the MTT assay. RESULTS: Compound 1b was more effective than the positive control adriamycin against the HepG2, Bel-7402, A549, MCF-7, and MDA-MB-231 cell lines with IC50 values of 0.12, 0.91, 0.35, 0.08, and 0.07 μmol·L(-1), respectively. Moreover, compound 3c exhibited the most potent and selective cytotoxic activity against the HepG2 cell line (IC50, 0.01 μmol·L(-1)). CONCLUSION Compounds 1b and 3c could be considered as potential anticancer candidates for further study.
Antineoplastic Agents ; chemistry ; toxicity ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Diterpenes, Kaurane ; chemistry ; toxicity ; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical ; Glycosylation ; Humans ; Molecular Structure

OBJECTIVETo study the relation of the mRNA and protein expression of Cyclin A and p21cip1 in different stages hypertrophic scar fibroblast (FB) with its cell cycle, so as to provide theoretical evidence for intervention therapy of cell cycle gene being used in hypertrophic scar.

METHODSThe hypertrophic scar samples at different stages (the third month, the sixth month, the twelfth month, the twenty-fourth month) in 32 cases and the normal skin samples in 8 cases were used in this study. The expression of Cyclin A, p21cip1 mRNA and protein was detected by quantitative real-time PCR and Western Blot. And at the same time, the flow cytometer was used to detect the fibroblastic cell life cycle.

RESULTS1) The expression of Cyclin A mRNA and protein in the third month group, the sixth month group, the twelfth month group, the twenty-fourth month group were 19.34 +/- 2.41, 0.99 +/- 0.11; 19.30 +/- 1.42, 0.96 +/- 0.09; 10.73 +/- 2.93, 0.66 +/- 0.58; 9.29 +/- 0.97, 0.65 +/- 0.14, respectively. And in corresponding stages, the expression of p21cip1 mRNA and protein were 2.80 +/- 0.69, 0.35 +/- 0.07; 4.95 +/- 1.82, 0.44 +/- 0.07; 9.98 +/- 1.19, 0.56 +/- 0.06; 10.25 +/- 1.46, 0.59 +/- 0.06, respectively. The expression intensity of Cyclin A mRNA and protein was no significantly different between the third month group and the sixth month group (P > 0. 05), but it was higher respectively than that in the twelfth month group, the twenty-fourth month group and normal group (P < 0.05). And the expression intensity was no different between the above three groups (P > 0.05). The expression intensity of P21cip1 mRNA and protein in the third month group was lower than that in the sixth month group, but that in the above two groups was lower respectively than that in the twelfth month group, the twenty-fourth month group and normal group (P < 0.05). And the expression intensity had no difference between the three later stage groups (P > 0.05). 2) Most FB were in S and G2/M stage (cycle) in 3rd month, 6th month group. And most FB were in G0/G1 stage (cycle) in 12th month, 24th month group and normal group.

CONCLUSIONSThe expression of mRNA and protein of Cyclin A in hypertrophic scar changes from high level to low level as the hypertrophic scar develops, while the expression of P21cip1 changes from low level to high level. The mRNA and protein expression of Cyclin A and p21cip1 respectively are basically corresponded to different stages of hypertrophic scar. The distribution of cell life cycle of fibroblastic are also corresponded to the expression intensity of Cyclin A and p21cip1 in different stages hypertrophic scar. An early stage intervention to the two gene can be effective to prevent from the genesis and development of hypertrophic scar.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Cell Cycle ; Cells, Cultured ; Child ; Cicatrix, Hypertrophic ; metabolism ; pathology ; Cyclin A ; metabolism ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21 ; metabolism ; Female ; Fibroblasts ; metabolism ; pathology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Young Adult