0.05).The survival area and capillary density were more favorable in the EPCs-injection sites than the controls(P

ObjectiveTo investigate the loss of heterozygosity (LOH) on 6q in bladder tumor.MethodsD6S404 and D6434 microsatellite markers near 6q21 were tested by PCR-SSLP-stain method on tumor DNA from 31 cases of bladder tumor.ResultsAmong these 31 cases of bladder tumor,LOH was detected in tumor tissues on site for D6S404 (35.5%) and D6S434(22.6%).ConclusionOne or more tumor suppressor gene near 6q21 maybe relevant for the development of bladder tumor.

OBJECTIVETo study the technical refinements of intraoral reduction malarplasty to prevent postoperative drooping of the cheek.

METHODSTwenty-four patients with prominent zygomatic complex underwent reduction malarplasty from January 2005 to January 2006. In all these cases, the osteotomized malar complex was repositioned superioposteriorly, and the perioral muscles and periosteum were redraped accordingly and fixed on deep temporal fascia.

RESULTSSymmetry between the left and right complexer were achieved, with a decreased midfacial width of 10.22-/+1.97 mm. During postoperative follow-up of 4 to 6 months, all the patients had satisfactory operative results, and reported no postoperative drooping of cheek.

CONCLUSIONThis method of superioposterior reduction of the perioral muscles and periosteum is simple and effective, but the long-term result needs to be observed.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Mandible ; surgery ; Osteotomy ; methods ; Postoperative Complications ; prevention & control ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Treatment Outcome ; Zygoma ; surgery

OBJECTIVETo discuss the treatment and prevention of the complications resulted from intraoral mandibular angle reduction.

METHODSFrom July 2002 to August 2008, 672 cases underwent intraoral mandibular angle reduction. The 59 cases with postoperative complications were treated and followed up.

RESULTSNo severe complication happened. In 18 cases with asymmetry, 13 cases improved through soft tissue adjustment, 5 cases were reoperated with good results. Intraoperative precise osteotomy was needed to prevent asymmetry. 3 cases with infection healed with drainage and anti-inflammatory treatment. Intraoperative aseptic manipulation and adequate drainage were necessary to prevent infection. 20 cases with labial numbness recovered 3 - 6 weeks later. 5 cases with temporary facial nerve injury recovered 2 - 3 months later. 12 cases with bleeding and hematoma were treated by dressing with pressure and drainage and healed 3 weeks later. Skin necrosis resulted from tight dressing occurred in one case, which were treated with skin graft. Intraoperative protection of nerve and vessels, as well as the dressing were very important.

CONCLUSIONSMost of the complications can be treated and recovered well. Preoperative design, precise manipulation and postoperative reliable dressing are the key points to prevent complications.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Mandible ; abnormalities ; surgery ; Osteotomy ; adverse effects ; methods ; Postoperative Complications ; prevention & control ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo study the effects of the superficial venous trunk (SVT) and its nourishing vessels on early revascularization of the reverse-flow random flap in order to provide theoretical evidences for clinical applications.

METHODSThe morphologic changes of micrangium of the reverse-flow random flap with SVT and without SVT were observed at different phases and compared by optical microscopy and stereological methods.

RESULTSThe micrangium density of the flaps with SVT and without SVT showed a tendency of increasing at 3 days after the operation. At 5 to 10 days, the micrangium density of the flap with SVT was much higher than the flap without SVT. There was significant difference between the two groups, which was proved by the optical microscopy observation.

CONCLUSIONSThis study suggests that SVT and its nourishing vessels could promote early revascularization of the flap after transplantation. The SVT can be of benefit to the survival of the reverse-flow random flap.

Animals ; Graft Survival ; Microcirculation ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Skin Transplantation ; Surgical Flaps ; blood supply ; Swine ; Swine, Miniature ; Veins ; transplantation

No abstract available.
Zygoma

Objective To study the improved zygomatic reduction in the prevention of injury in the frontal branch of facial nerve.Methods Sixty-two patients with protrusion zygomatic complex,received treatment in our hospital from March 2008 to April 2010,were chosen in our study; 32 were given improved zygomatic reduction,and the other 30 were performed traditional zygomatic reduction.The clinical data of these patients,injury of the frontal branch of facial nerve and incidence of complication in these patients were compared between the 2 groups.Results No one suffered from injury of the facial nerve in the 32 patients given improved zygomatic reduction,but 3 suffered from nerve injury (mid injury in 2 and heavy injury in 1) in patients received traditional zygomatic reduction; 3 patients could not move the eyebow,2 suffered from sensory disability,and 1 had no wrinkle of forehead in patients received traditional zygomatic reduction.Patients given improved zygomatic reduction did not have the above complications.Conclusion Improved zygomatic reduction can effectively prevent injury in the frontal branch of facial nerve.

OBJECTIVETo investigate a new method of genioplasty for treatment of a prominent mandibular angle with mandibular malformation.

METHODSAccording to the different types of the mandible, the prominent mandibular angle was grinded with the masseter muscle kept intact. Autologous micromorselized bone of the grinded mandibular angle was collected and implanted into the chin for augmentation mentoplasty, and the chin was fixed with gypsum after operation.

RESULTSFifteen patients receiving the surgery were followed up for 6 -12 months, and satisfactory effects were achieved in 12 patients. One patient requested modification of the shape of the chin 10 days after the operation, and another two sustained chin distortion due to external forces and underwent subsequent shape adjustment of the chin.

CONCLUSIONThe procedure described avoids graft rejection and causes less complications for genioplasty with easy moulding and satisfactory outcome.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Bone Transplantation ; methods ; Female ; Humans ; Mandible ; surgery ; Osteotomy ; Surgery, Plastic ; methods ; Transplantation, Autologous ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of Botulinum toxin type A (Botox) injection into the masseter muscle on mandibular development in rats.

METHODS12 28-day-old Wistar rats were divided into two groups as Botox group (n= 6) and control group (n = 6) which received anesthesia only. In Botox group, Botox was injected into the right masseter muscle, while only sterile saline into the left muscle. When the rats were 75-day-old, CT scan and 3D reconstruction were performed for cephalometry. The masseter muscles at both sides were weighed. Histologic study of masseter muscle and mandible was also performed.

RESULTSThe weight of right masseter muscle was (0.4575 +/- 0.0940) g in Botox group, and (0.8899 +/- 0.1030) g in control group (< 0.05). The mandibular height II and III was (10.8 +/- 0.8) mm and (9.5 +/- 0.6) mm in Botox group and (12.5 +/- 0.6) mm and (10.7 +/- 0.4) mm in control group, respectively (P < 0.05). The intergonial distance was (11.6 +/- 0.6) mm and (12.4 +/- 0. 6) mm in Botox and control group, respectively (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSWhen the rats receive Botox injection into the masseter muscle at young age, the grown-up rats have a decreased mandibular height, but the mandibular length and intergonial distance are not affected.

Animals ; Botulinum Toxins, Type A ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Injections, Intramuscular ; Male ; Mandible ; drug effects ; growth & development ; Masseter Muscle ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar

OBJECTIVETo find a new method for edge detection and modeling in frontal facial contour image.

METHODSSearching circle-based edge detection algorithm was developed on the basis of Sobel edge detector. Apriori knowledge of the facial contour and searching limitations as the minimum curvature radius, concave-convex property, and maximum edge disconnected distance were used to detect the edge of frontal facial contour. The frontal facial contour model was established with least squares curve fitting methods, and the relationship between the model rank and model precision was analyzed.

RESULTSThe edge detected by the new method was consistent with the actual edge of the facial contour and the irrelevant edge was well eliminated. Variation of the 2,4,10 time models from the actual image were compared, which identified the 10 time model as the best one.

CONCLUSIONThe effectiveness and practicability of this new method for edge detection and modeling has been tested, which provides a theoretic basis for designing facial contouring image system.

Algorithms ; Computer Simulation ; Face ; anatomy & histology ; Humans ; Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted ; methods ; Models, Anatomic ; Pattern Recognition, Automated ; methods ; Reproducibility of Results ; Surgery, Plastic ; methods