Objective To explore the influence of montelukast on plasma nitric oxide in preschool children with asthma.Methods Forty-four preschool children with asthma aged 2-5 years who firstly met a criterion of asthma and treated 4 weeks with montelukast were investigated;and nitric oxide levels of plasma were inspected respectively before treatment and after treatment 1 week,4 weeks.Results The level of nitric oxide in the plasma of asthmatic children was obviously higher than that in normal control group(P

OBJECTIVETo evaluate clinical outcomes of a group of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) patients undergoing posterior pedicle screw-only instrumentations.

METHODSBetween April 2002 and July 2006, 121 AIS patients (93 female and 28 male, average age at operation was 15.5 years which ranged from 10 to 20 years) received posterior pedicle screw-only instrumentation and fusion. All the patients were evaluated by the various-parameters measured in X-ray films before and after surgery, including Cobb angle on coronal plane, Cobb angle on sagittal plane, clavicle angle and shoulder height difference, lowest instrumented vertebrae (LIV) angulation, proximal junction kyphotic angle, the distances of central sacral vertical line (CSVL) to the LIV, to the apical vertebra and to the C(7) plumb line respectively. Complications were followed.

RESULTSAn average of (11.0 + or - 1.5) levels was fused. An average coronal correction of proximal thoracic curve was 41.8%, of thoracic curve was 70.8%, of thoracolumbar/lumbar curves was 74.0%. No significant change was found in sagittal alignment. Shoulder balance and apex vertebral to central sacral line were restored well. There were no pseudoarthroses and loss of correction during the follow-ups. One adding-on, 4 proximal thoracic decompensation and 15 proximal junction kyphosis were found during the follow-ups.

CONCLUSIONPosterior pedicle screw-only instrumentation and fusion has excellent radiographic and clinical results with minimal complications in the surgical treatment of AIS.

Adolescent ; Bone Screws ; Child ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Retrospective Studies ; Scoliosis ; surgery ; Spinal Fusion ; instrumentation ; methods ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

Elbow Joint ; injuries ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Joint Dislocations ; surgery ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo obtain some effective objective markers used to predict the early liver metastasis of colorectal tumor, the relationship of liver metastasis of colorectal tumor with associate detection three markers such as CK20mRNA, CD44v6 and VEGF was studied.

METHODSThe expression of CK20mRNA in patrol venous blood from 30 colorectal cancer patients was detected by fluorescent quantitative RT-PCR, and the results of CD44v6 and VEGF in colorectal cancer tissue were determined by means of immunohistochemistry, and then compared with those in control groups.

RESULTSThe rate of positive expression of CK20mRNA in colorectal cancer patients' patrol venous blood was obviously superior to the level of benign pathological changes controls (P < 0.01), and significantly higher than that of normal controls (P < 0.01). The rate of positive expression of CD44v6 and VEGF in colorectal tumor tissue was distinctly superior to the level of benign pathological controls, and remarkable higher than that of normal controls (P < 0.01). The positive expression of liver metastasis was also clearly higher than that of no liver metastasis (P < 0.05). The rate of positive expression of CK20mRNA in patrol venous blood was evidently correlated to the expression of CD44v6 and VEGF in tumor tissue (r(1) = 0.933, r(2) = 0.906, P < 0.05). The results of associate detection of CK20mRNA, CD44v6 and VEGF were closely related to the incidence of liver metastasis.

CONCLUSIONSIf combined detecting these markers of CK20mRNA, CD44v6 and VEGF to forecast liver metastasis of colorectal tumor, the sensitivity and specialty of prediction will be improved, there were highly clinical values in predicting in early diagnosis liver metastasis of colorectal tumor.

Adult ; Aged ; Biomarkers, Tumor ; analysis ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Early Diagnosis ; Humans ; Hyaluronan Receptors ; analysis ; Immunohistochemistry ; Keratin-20 ; blood ; genetics ; Liver Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; secondary ; Middle Aged ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; metabolism ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors ; analysis

OBJECTIVETo compare the number of harvested perisplenic hilar lymph nodes by laparoscopy-assisted total gastrectomy (LATG) and conventional open total gastrectomy (OTG) for advanced upper and middle gastric cancer.

METHODSThree hundred twelve patients with advanced gastric cancer treated in a single institution between Sept 2008 and Jan 2011 were included in this study. They were divided into two groups: the LATG group and OTG (D2) group. All the surgical operations were performed by one surgeon or under his supervision. The lymph node clearance outcomes of the patients treated by those two surgical procedures were analyzed.

RESULTSThe harvested lymph node numbers of the two groups were (29.57 ± 9.62) and (29.38 ± 11.22) respectively, statistically with no significant difference (P = 0.875). The numbers of lymph node dissected around the splenic area in the LATG group and OTG group (Section 10, 11 group) were (2.01 ± 1.34) and (1.33 ± 1.11), respectively, indicating a significant difference (P = 0.000). The numbers of lymph nodes dissected around the celiac region (Section 7, 8, 9, 11p and 12a(2) group) were (7.90 ± 3.41) and (7.22 ± 2.65), respectively, with a non-significant difference (P = 0.050). There were also no significant differences while comparing with the numbers of lymph nodes dissected in the cardiac area (group 1, 2), pyloric region (5, 6 group) and the greater and lesser omentum area (group 3 and 4) between the two groups (P = 0.605, P = 0.248, P = 0.262).

CONCLUSIONShort-term results of this study indicate that laparoscopy-assisted total gastrectomy (D2) is better than conventional open surgery in perisplenic hilar lymph node dissection.

Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Gastrectomy ; methods ; Humans ; Laparoscopy ; Lymph Node Excision ; methods ; Lymph Nodes ; pathology ; surgery ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Staging ; Spleen ; Stomach ; Stomach Neoplasms ; pathology ; surgery

Human Prostate Specific Membrane Antigen(PSMA) cDNA was amplified using total RNA extracted from prostate carcinoma tissue by RT-PCR. The cDNA fragment of extracellular domain of PSMA(edPSMA) gene was amplified by PCR and cloned into expression vector pMAL-c2x. Sequence analysis of both PSMA and edPSMA revealed identity to the GenBank reported. The edPSMA was expressed in E. coli as part of a fusion protein with MBP as the induction of IPTG. Western blot analysis showed the recombinant protein could react with PSMA monocloned antibodies 4G5. MBP-edPSMA fusion protein were purified by amylose resin affinity chromatography and showed to be homogeneity in SDS-PAGE(120 kD). BALB/C mice were immunized with the purified protein for the preparation of polyclonal antibody. The polyclonal antibody, which had a title of 1:12,800, were indicated the specificity to prostate tissue.
Animals ; Antibodies ; immunology ; Antibody Formation ; Antigens, Surface ; Carboxypeptidases ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; immunology ; isolation & purification ; Chromatography, Affinity ; methods ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA, Complementary ; genetics ; Escherichia coli ; genetics ; Gene Expression ; Genetic Vectors ; Glutamate Carboxypeptidase II ; Humans ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Protein Structure, Tertiary ; genetics ; physiology ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; immunology ; isolation & purification ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; instrumentation

OBJECTIVETo examine the expression of activin A (ACT A) and transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-beta 1) during mandibular lengthening and elucidate the difference between the role of ACT A and TGF-beta 1 during mandibular distraction osteogenesis.

METHODSkeletally mature white new zealand rabbits were established right mandibular distraction osteogenesis model. The regenerating tissue of animals' lengthened mandibes were harvested at different time points to have immunohistochemistric research of ACT A, TGF-beta 1 protein and analysis ACT A, TGF-beta 1 mRNA by using RT-PCR semiquantitative mean.

RESULTSAT the end of latency period day, positive stain of ACT A were found in the osteoblasts while positive stain of TGF-beta 1 was found in mesenchymal cells. At the end of distraction phase, fibrosis tissue had no stain of ACT A, but had strong stain of TGF-beta 1. At the period of fixation days of 20 days, both cytoplasm of osteoblasts and extracellular matrix in primary mineralization front were strongly stained of ACT A. The osteoblasts, osteoid and osteocytes in peripheral new bone zone were moderately stained of ACT A. TGF-beta 1 had strongly positive stained in fibrosis zone and weekly positive stained in primary mineralization front and peripheral new bone zone. There were also broad activin A stains in cytoplasm of osteoblasts, osteoid and cytoplasm of ACT A, TGF-beta 1 in osteocytes after distraction for 30 days. Activin A mRNA began to express at the end of latency period. Expression for activin A mRNA increased gradually along with the beginning of distraction and at the peak in distraction of 10 days and 20 days, while TGF beta 1 mRNA increased at the peak at the end of latency period.

CONCLUSIONACT A and TGF beta 1 have different role during rabbit mandibular distraction osteogenesis.

Activins ; analysis ; physiology ; Animals ; Female ; Immunohistochemistry ; Inhibin-beta Subunits ; analysis ; physiology ; Mandible ; surgery ; Osteogenesis, Distraction ; Rabbits ; Transforming Growth Factor beta ; analysis ; physiology ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1

OBJECTIVETo investigate the prognostic factors for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) with different metastatic status, and to improve the NPC management by multi-level refinement and stratification of M1 stage distant metastases.

METHODSClinicopathological data of 1016 NPC patients with distant metastases were retrospectively reviewed. The M1 stage distant metastases were subdivided into synchronous or metachronous metastases, metastatic sites (lung, bone, liver), number of metastatic organs (solitary, multiple) and number of metastases (solitary, multiple) subgroups to analyze the prognosis and survival of the patients.

RESULTSThe most frequently involved metastatic sites were bone (542, 53.3%), lung (420, 41.3%) and liver (302, 29.7%). There were solitary metastatic lesions in 164 patients (16.2%), synchronous metastases in 376 cases and metachronous metastases in 640 cases. The median overall survival of the whole group of 1016 NPC patients was 30.8 months since the time of diagnosis of metastasis. For the 376 patients in the synchronous metastasis group, the median survival was 23.3 months and the 1-, 3- and 5-year overall survival rates were 74.2%, 27.6% and 18.5%, respectively. For the 640 patients in the metachronous metastases group, the median survival was 36.7 months, and the 1-, 3- and 5-year overall survival rates were 88.1%, 49.6% and 28.6%, respectively, with a significant difference between the two groups (all P < 0.001). Cox multivariate analysis indicated that the number of metastatic lesions, different metastatic sites and N stage at initial diagnosis were independent prognostic factors for patients with metachronous metastases (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSA theory of detailed multi-level metastasis (M1) stratification aiming at different distant metastasis status for nasopharyngeal carcinoma is proposed. To take appropriate individualized treatment scheme according to the prognosis and expected survival should be helpful to improving the diagnosis and treatment of nasopharyngeal cancer.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Bone Neoplasms ; pathology ; secondary ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; pathology ; secondary ; Lung Neoplasms ; pathology ; secondary ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms ; pathology ; Neoplasm Staging ; Proportional Hazards Models ; Retrospective Studies ; Survival Rate ; Time Factors ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVEA reversed superficial temporal artery auricular flap was presented to explore a new method for reconstructing the defects of the distal nose by microsurgical techniques.

METHODSA reversed superficial temporal artery auricular flap had been used on fifteen patients with nasal defects, including thirteen patients with alar defects and two patients with nasal tip defects. The reversed superficial temporal vessels of the flap were anastomosed with the recipient facial vessels. The size of the flap was 2.5 cm x 2. 0 cm - 4.0 cm x 2.5 cm, the length of the vascular pedicle was 5 - 8 cm, average 6.5 cm

RESULTSThe flap survived uneventfully in all fifteen patients.

RESULTSdemonstrated satisfactory symmetry between the reconstructed ala and the contralateral side as well as an excellent tip projection. The donor-site defect was minimal.

CONCLUSIONSThe reversed superficial temporal artery auricular flap offers an adequate length of vascular pedicle of the flap, it delivers a good solution to the problem of the vascular pedicle shortage of the proximal superficial artery auricular flap. This technique may become the top choice in the microvascular auricular transfer.

Adult ; Ear, External ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nose ; surgery ; Nose Deformities, Acquired ; surgery ; Rhinoplasty ; methods ; Surgical Flaps ; blood supply ; Temporal Arteries ; surgery ; Tissue Transplantation ; Young Adult

Objective To study the changes in red blood cells(RBCs),hemoglobin(Hb),hematocrit(HCT),mean corpuscular volume(MCV),RBC distribution width variation coefficient(RDW-CV)and RBC distribution width standard deviation(RDW-SD)of leukocyte-poor red blood cells preserved in navy ship force on a long voyage.Methods According to the Requirement of Health Examination for Blood Donors(GB 18467 -2011),red blood cells in additive solution leukocytes reduced were randomly collected from ten healthy voluntary blood donors one day before sailing.Each blood sample was preserved.The relevant parameters were detected as data before sailing.Each blood sample was divided into two parts,one in test group and the other in control group.Samples were taken from the two groups of leukocyte-poor red blood cells for the sampling detection after 21 days of sailing respectively.Results ①After sailing, the concentrations of RBCs and Hb declined in both groups,and the difference of RBC concentrations was not significant(P=0.319),but that of the concentrations of Hb was significant(P=0.002).②After sailing, the concentrations of HCT and MCV increased, but the change of HCT was significant(P=0.015),while that of MCV was insignificant(P=0.051).③After sailing,the concentrations of RDW-SD and RDW-CV were higher,but the change of RDW-SD was significant(P<0.001),while that of RDW-CV was not(P=0.528).Conclusion When leukocyte-poor red blood cells are preserved in navy ship force,the concentrations of RBC and Hb decrease,while the concentrations of HCT,MCV,RDW-SD and RDW-CV increase with the prolongation of preservation.A long voyage has some impact on the parameters of red blood cells in additive solution leukocytes reduced,as is the case with the conventional blood storage refrigerator(4 ±2)℃.