Cardiovascular Diseases ; Humans ; Risk Factors

Humans ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; Risk Factors ; Risk Assessment

Cardiovascular Diseases ; epidemiology ; Humans ; Risk Factors

Traditional risk factors for predicting of cardiovascular disease are not always effective predictors for development of cardiovascular events. This review summarizes several newly developed noninvasive imaging techniques for evaluating carotid plaques and their role in cardiovascular disease risk.
Atherosclerosis ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; Risk Factors ; Ultrasonography*

PURPOSE: The purposes of this study were to review the research trends and to identify developmental direction of studies on community interventions according to the ecological model for workers with cardiovascular diseases (CVD) risk factors. METHODS: Electronic databases including PsycINFO, PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, and Cochrane Library and the reference lists of articles were searched. All articles were assessed in relation to inclusion and exclusion criteria, resulting in 29 researches being reviewed. Each review was critically appraised by two authors using a guideline of PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses). RESULTS: Nowadays, interventions in organizational level, integrated and web-based interventions are increasing to prevent CVD risk factors for workers. Even though the importance of psychosocial aspects to prevent CVD, the only 2 studies included psychosocial factors in the outcome variables. Also, 14% among 29 researches were based on theories. CONCLUSION: Psychosocial factors such as job stress, depression, and emotional labor could be CVD risk factors. Therefore, interventions including psychosocial aspects are needed to prevent workers' CVD risks more effectively. Theory-based interventions are needed to support interventions' effects and to develop the nursing science.
Cardiovascular Diseases* ; Depression ; Nursing ; Psychology ; Risk Factors*

This capstone project of the Master in Public Health International of the Faculty of Medicine and Surgery initiated the development of community health programs. Phase 1K, Kasiglahan Village, Barangay San Jose, Rodriguez, Rizal, a partner community of the University of Santo Tomas - SIMBAHAYAN Community Development Office was chosen as the primary stakeholder for the implementation of this capstone project.

Addressing the identified priority problem of lacking a community-based strategy in the community, the project aimed to initiate community-based prevention of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) through risk factor reduction in Phase 1K-Kasiglahan Village, Barangay San Jose, Rodriguez, Rizal at the end of the 6-week project timeline. Specifically, the project aimed (1) to increase the mobilization of the community through a consultative workshop, (2) to raise awareness of the community through Information, education, and communication (IEC) materials, and (3) to increase the baseline knowledge of the community through public health education lay forum.

The project outputs include (1) mobilization of the community leaders in identifying their own health problems and in formulating their interventions, (2) posting and distribution of IECs in the community, and (3) increased baseline knowledge after the public health education lay forum.

With the potential of influencing local policies to improve the health of the community, this project was formally and officially endorsed to the community through its local government leaders, rural health unit officials, and community leaders.

Humans ; Hypertension ; Risk Factors ; Cardiovascular Diseases

Humans ; Hypertension ; Risk Factors ; Cardiovascular Diseases

In this issue of Asian Journal of Andrology (AJA), several experts have reviewed the latest data on the potential and known effects of endogenous and exogenous testosterone (T) on cardiovascular risk. In the review by Meyer and Wittert, low endogenous serum T appears to be associated with higher risk of cardiovascular disease and overall mortality in certain populations such as Klinefelter syndrome and older men, but not in men with congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. Whether this association is causal or whether low serum testosterone is a marker of other risk factors for cardiovascular disease such as obesity, diabetes mellitus, or other systemic disease is unknown. In Yeap's review of the relationship between circulating endogenous testosterone and its major metabolites, dihydrotestosterone, and estradiol, he raises the provocative hypotheses that there might be differential effects on cardiovascular and cerebrovascular risk related to endogenous testosterone and dihydrotestosterone concentrations. Based on the same epidemiological studies, Yeap postulates that there might be a U-shaped curve for circulating endogenous androgen concentrations such that lower and higher concentrations might confer greater risk of cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality than midrange concentrations. Shores demonstrates in a carefully done review of studies of large prescription databases (including >200 000 men) that testosterone therapy is not associated with overall mortality, myocardial infarction, stroke, or deep venous thrombosis events.
Cardiovascular Diseases ; Cardiovascular System ; Humans ; Hypogonadism ; Risk Factors ; Testosterone

Cardiovascular Diseases/epidemiology* ; Humans ; Risk Assessment ; Risk Factors