Objective To study the production of ?-lactamase in multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa and to guide the proper use of antibiotics in clinical practice. Methods The modified three-dimensional extract test was employed to detect ?-lactamase in 30 multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains screened from antimicrobial susceptibility test in our hospital,and isoelectric focusing electrophoresis was performed on the enzyme-producing strains. Results No metalloenzyme was detected in all the 30 strains.Twenty-six strains produced ?-lactamase,among which 25 continuously yielded large amount of AmpC enzyme and the other one both AmpC enzyme and extended-spectrum ?-lactamases(ESBLs).86.7% of multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa produced enzyme. ConclusionThe majority of the multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa in our hospital yielded large amount of AmpC enzyme in a continuous way.The modified three-dimensional extract test can eliminate some interference such as the decrease of outer membrane permeability and overexpression of efflux pump,facilitating the effective and accurate detection of ESBLs in Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Objective To investigate the value of MR imaging in distinguishing adenomas from malignant tumors in gallbladder. Methods Clinical data and MR imaging features of 40 lesions in 37 patients with gallbladder adenomas (GA)confirmed by pathology were collected and reviewed retrospectively.Results The univariate analysis demonstrated that age (P =0.044),size (P =0.001), ratio of high-intensity signals on T2 WI (P =0.013),lobular margin (P <0.000 1),and tumor shapes (P =0.001)were statistically significantly different between adenomas and the malignancy.The Logistic regression analysis showed that only two parameters were significantly different for the prediction of malignant tumors of gallbladder,including lobular margin (P=0.002)and size (P=0.046).Further analysis with ROC curve showed that a threshold value of lesion diameter to distinguish the benign and malignancy could be at 1.59 cm. Conclusion Both lobular margin of GA and maximal diameter are independent factors in predicting the nature of GA,and the former exhibits more significant.Low ratio of high signal intensity in T2 WI and type circular shape are the contradictory factor for predic-ting adenocarcinoma of gallbladder.MRI is useful in the identification of patients with GA and gallbladder carcinoma developed from GA.

Objective To study effect of eleetromyograghie(EMG) biofeedback training on three kinds of u- rinary ineontifienee.Methods Nineteen patients with urinary incontinence were treated by means of EMG biofeed- back training twice a day for six weeks.The treatment was performed with a device,which can detect the EMG ampli- tude of the pelvic muscle and deliver electric stimulation accordingly.Results After 6 weeks of treatment,the inci- dence of uretbrorrhea was reduced by 41%,and the frequency of micturition was decreased by 38% ,while the fre- quency of urination in one day reduced to 9 to 13.The general subjectively rated improvement rate of patients was 53% ,while the general objectively one was 58%.Conclusion Biofeedback training has significant therapeutic: eftects on patients with urinary incontinence.

Surgical nutrition therapy is a novel course for undergraduates who are major in food hygiene and nutrition.In this study,the purpose,content,model and specific teaching approaches of the course were discussed,and the essentials of clinical practice for surgical nutrition therapy were pointed out.We hope that our experience would be helpful for the development of the course.

ObjectiveTostudytheprotectiveeffectsofpreconditioningoncryopreservationinjuryofrat liver.MethodsThemodelofisolatednonrecirculatedperfusionratliver (IPRL)wasestablished .Thegrafts werepreconditionedwithischemia (IPC)anddexorubicin (DPC)respectively .ResultsThelevelsofaspartate transaminase (AST)andalaninetransaminase (ALT)inthesolutionsinIPCgroup (40 1? 6 3、17 1? 0 5 )U L andDPCgroup (43 6? 3 7、19 4? 0 8)U Lwerelowerthanthoseofnon preconditioning (NPC)group (6 4 5? 8 2、2 3 8? 3 96 )U L (P 0 0 5 ) .ConclusionsPreconditioninghasobviousprotectiveeffectsoncryopr eservationinjuryofratliver.MedicinepreconditioningmightimitatetheeffectofIPC .Medicinepreconditioning cansupplyclinicaltreatmentasasafeandeffectivepreconditioningmethod .

Background Although great advances have been made in prevention and treatment of CVD through drug therapies and other procedures,diet and lifestyle modification remain the foundamental aspects in clinical inter vention for prevention and treatment of hypertension.Objective The purpose of this research is to investigate the impact of variour dietary patterns on traditional cardiovascular risk factors in essential hypertensives in Beijing area. Food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) survey was carried out in a cohort of 424 patients of hypertension.Methods All participants completed an FFQ.Baseline clinical data (height,weight,waist circumference and biochemical da- ta) were collected by physical examination and biochemical assay.According to their dietary patterns,three dietary pattern were delineated:vegetarian diet(n=95),meat dominant diet(n=133) and balanced diet(n=196).Clinical and biochemical data were compared between them,and analyzed by multivariate logistic regression models.Results 1)The morbidity of obesity in meat dominant people was significant higher than vegetarians (46.6% vs 21.7%,P

Objective To study the gene expression change of circumsporozoite protein (CSP) and erythrocyte binding protein (MAEBL) in the Plasmodium yoelii sporozoites from oocyst and salivary gland at different phases during Plasmodium yoelii development in mosquitos. Methods The total RNA of plasmodium was extracted from the abdomen on day 5, 7, 10 and the thoraces on day 12, 15, 18 after Anopheles stephensi was infected by Plasmodium yoelii, then the expression of CSP and MAEBL mRNA was analyzed by semiquantitative RT-PCR with rRNA 28S as control. Results The transcription of CSP and MAEBL of plasmodium sporozoite were obviously up-regulated during the mosquito stage (P

Objective To study the expression levels of B7.1 and B7.2 in the macrophagus of rats infected with the Plasmodium yoelii sporozoites and investigate the roles of these costimulators in parasite infection immunity. Methods The mammal model was established by infecting rats with the sporozoites, then macrophagus was separated from the rat abdominal cavity 2, 12, 24, 48, 72 h after infection. The expressions were quantitative analyzed by immunofluorescence staining and laser scanning confocal microscopy. Result The expressions of B7.1 and B7.2 were upregulated after infected with the sporozoites. The expression of B7.1 was slowly induced and then descended at 72 h. B7.2 was rapidly induced and maximally expressed at 48 h and downregulation at 72 h. The expression of B7.2 was significantly higher than that of B7.1 at all time points assayed after stimulation (P

The infection of hepatitis B virus(HBV) is a serious global public health problem around the world,with high incidence and fatality rate,especially in China.The study of diagnosis, treatment and prevention of chronic hepatitis B(CHB) had been heavily concerned. The rapid development of molecular biology technology and the wide application of biotherapy techniques have provided the important theoretical foundation for HBV detection, diagnosis and treatment.This article summarized the study progress of clinical and laboratory examination of CHB.

0.05),but all were lower than those of the control group(P