Measuring discomfort towardthe car seat is important as the act of driving requires a driver to remain at the car seat while controlling the car. The seat condition, including sitting position as well as the driver’s posture can lead to discomfort and fatigue. The objective of this study is to investigate a driver’s pressure distribution in static and dynamic circumstances for two types of cars; the sedan and compact car. This study involved both subjective and objective evaluations of 12 respondents. For the subjective evaluation, the Visual Analog Scales (VAS) were used to obtain respondents' perception of discomfort. For the objective evaluation, pressure distribution readings of the seat interface were obtained using piezo capacitive sensors. The findings showed that the highest pressure was recorded for the compact car. Furthermore, the static circumstance showed greater pressure compared to the dynamic state. Subjective evaluation indicated that the right buttocks and the lower back (lumbar)experience the highest discomfort for both types of seats.The type of seat found to contribute to the value of different pressure. Thus, it can be concluded that appropriate seat selection can reduce pressure as well as discomfort.
Pressure ; car seat ; back rest ; static ; dynamic ; sedan ; compact

We must once consider spondylitis, if the patient complains of severe back pain and back muscle spasm following a more or less improvement after disk surgery. The etiology of these postoperative complications is not well understood in suspected cases of spondylitis, but the most likely causes reveals to be low grade infection, aseptic necrosis and pyogenic infection etc. Conservative treatment with complete bed rest and antibiotics led to satisfactory results in major cases, but there is no improvement in spite of application strong antibiotics and muscle relaxant in some cases. In later cases, we got the good results with immediate pain relieve and reducing hospital day by anterior interbody fusion. So we report 4 cases of aseptic spondylitis with review of literature.
Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Back Muscles ; Back Pain ; Bed Rest ; Humans ; Necrosis ; Postoperative Complications ; Spasm ; Spondylitis*

A 68-year-old diabetic man, who had been on dialysis for 3 years, suffered a five week history of severe back pain that was unresponsive to bed rest, analgesics, and bracing. The vertebral cleft formed by an injury gradually increased in size on sequential plain films. Hence, he underwent calcium phosphate cement-assisted percutaneous transpedicular balloon kyphoplasty to treat a painful interbody vacuum cleft. Immediate pain relief and firm bone union were obtained.
Aged ; Analgesics ; Back Pain ; Bed Rest ; Braces ; Calcium ; Calcium Phosphates ; Dialysis ; Humans ; Kyphoplasty ; Renal Dialysis ; Vacuum

Spine fractures occur less than 1% after electro-convulsive therapy(ECT). We report a rare case of thoracic compression fracture due to seizure after ECT. The patient was a 37-year-old female who suffered from major depression disorder. She received ECT six times in total. She complained of back pain after fifth ECT. There was no history of trauma. On thoracic CT and MRI, compression fracture of T4 body was clearly shown, but cord injury was not evident. After one month of bed rest, her back pain was improved. We discuss the mechanism of vertebral fracture after ECT with literature review.
Adult ; Back Pain ; Bed Rest ; Depression ; Female ; Fractures, Compression* ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Seizures ; Spine

BACKGROUND: 24hr bed rest following spinal anesthesia is practised commonly. This study was designed to evaluate the role of post operative position in the prevalence and severity of postdural puncture headache (PDPH) and back pain. METHODS: 280 (ASA 1or 2) patients receiving spinal anesthesia were studied. They were randomly allocated to either 24hr bed rest (group 1) or early ambulation (group 2). Patients were followed up at postpoerative day 1 & 2 and incidence of PDPH and back pain were compared. RESULTS: The incidence of PDPH in each group was 22.3% and 27.6%. No difference was found between two groups. The incidence of back pain was higher than PDPH in both groups. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrate that there was no relation between 24hr bed rest and the occurance of PDPH and back pain.
Anesthesia, Spinal ; Back Pain* ; Bed Rest* ; Early Ambulation ; Humans ; Incidence ; Post-Dural Puncture Headache* ; Prevalence

PURPOSE: This study aimed to examine the factors influencing the appearance of headache and backache following diagnostic lumbar puncture in children, focusing on the need for strict bed rest after lumbar puncture. METHODS: We studied 70 two-fifteen-year-old pediatric patients who underwent diagnostic lumbar puncture from July 2005 to July 2007 at Konkuk University Hospital. We divided them into two groups. Patients in the first group (n=24) were allowed free mobility and patients in the second group (n=46) were to have strict bed rest for four hours after puncture. Data were analyzed by age, sex, number of puncture attempts, cell counts and pressure in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), duration of bed rest, and occurrence of headache and backache. RESULTS: The rate of complications was not significantly related to sex, age, presence of enterovirus, CSF pressure, or postural headache. The occurrence of headache was significantly correlated with white blood cell (WBC) count in CSF (P=0.043). Symptom frequency did not differ significantly between the groups. Backache was significantly related to the frequency of puncture attempts (P=0.046). CONCLUSION: Strict bed rest following diagnostic lumbar puncture in children does not influence headaches and backaches. These are respectively related to the WBC count on the CSF profile and the frequency of attempts. Therefore, after lumbar puncture, absolute bed rest is not necessary and patients are more comfortable with free mobility.
Back Pain ; Bed Rest ; Cell Count ; Child ; Enterovirus ; Headache ; Humans ; Leukocytes ; Punctures ; Spinal Puncture

Patients with ankylosing spondylitis are more susceptible to spine fractures than healthy people. Because of their underlying back pain, vertebral fracture induced pain is not easily controlled by bed rest, physical therapy and medications. Thus, new treatment methods should be introduced. We report a 63 year-old man with ankylosing spondylitis who fell down 4 weeks ago and suffered a fracture of T6 spine. He complained of a mid thoracic pain. Although he was treated with bed rest, physical therapy, second-line bisphosphonate agents, the pain persisted. Therefore, intravenous zoledronate which was approved for palliative treatment of bone metastases in patients with breast cancer, 4 mg was administrated. The severity of pain was decreased by half within 2 days and sustained over 4 weeks.
Back Pain ; Bed Rest ; Breast Neoplasms ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Palliative Care ; Spine ; Spondylitis, Ankylosing*

In recent years, the rate of the thracolumbar and lumbar fractures rends to be increasing as the traffic accidents and industrial accidents frequently occurs. The purpose of this study is to review the results of conservative treatment for 73 patients with thoracolumbar and lumbar fractures and to review the failed 6 cases after conservative treatment, who were admitted and treated at National Medical Center during the period the period from January 1986 to June 1992. The following results were obtained: 1. Among the 65 cases of compression fracture, we performed hyperextension body cast in patient with height loss more than 30% and bed rest & brace in patient with height loss less than 30%, And in 63 cases, it showed good results. But two cases treated by bed & brace showed complaint such as radicular pain and persisdent back pain. 2. Among the 6 cases of burst fracture without neurological involvement, two cases treated by casting showed good result, but four cases treated by bed rest & brace showed complaint such as claudication and persistent back pain. 3. All cases of Chance fracture treated by casting showed good result. 4. There was no correlation between loss of correction of kyphotic angle and overall result. 5. Among the cases of poor result, we operated four cases which included two cases of instability & two cases of spinal stenosis and their results were good.
Accidents, Occupational ; Accidents, Traffic ; Back Pain ; Bed Rest ; Braces ; Fractures, Compression ; Humans ; Spinal Stenosis ; Spine

PURPOSE: The study was done to investigate whether positioning relieves the back pain and enhances comfort during bed rest after transhepatic arterial chemoembolization(TACE). METHODS: A quasi-experimental design with non-equivalent control group non-synchronized design was used. The experimental group was placed semi Fowler's position for the first 2 hours. The following 4 hours the position was rotated hourly between 30 degrees laterally inclined position and a semi Fowler's position. The control group was maintained in a supine position for the 6 hours. Data were analyzed using t-test, chi2-test, Fisher's exact test and repeated measures ANOVA. RESULTS: 1) Back pain intensity significantly decreased in the experimental group compared to the control group. 2) Comfort level significantly decreased in both groups, but there was no significant difference between the two groups. 3) There were no hematoma and bleeding complication in either group. In addition, there was no significant difference in urinary retention between the two groups. 4) Analgesics were less frequently taken by the experimental group. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that positioning relieves back pain without causing an increased incidence of hematoma and bleeding formation after TACE and this nursing intervention might help patients be more comfortable during the treatment of TACE.
Analgesics ; Back Pain* ; Bed Rest* ; Hematoma ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Incidence ; Nursing ; Supine Position ; Urinary Retention

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to identify the effectiveness of back pain prevention intervention program on reducing back pain of patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). METHODS: The patients were divided into two groups as the experimental group and control group. In the experimental group, the participants took bedrest for 4 hours after PCI and then received back pain prevention intervention program (BPPIP). Total of 5 times BPPIP with 1 hour interval for 5-10 minutes per each intervention was administered to the patients taking bedrest for 4 hours after PCI. In the control group, total of 5 times routine nursing care with 1 hour interval was administered to the patients taking bedrest for 4 hours after PCI. The data were collected on admission in the ICU and after the 5 exercise sessions. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS/WIN program. RESULTS: No significant differences in the occurrence of hemorrhage after the BPPIP were observed between the experimental group and the control group. After the BPPIP, back pain outcomes were significantly low in the experimental group. However, urination disorder and cortisol level did not show a statistically significant differences between two groups. CONCLUSION: It is clear that BPPIP is a useful nursing intervention for reducing back pain of patients undergoing PCI.
Back Pain* ; Bed Rest ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Hydrocortisone ; Nursing ; Nursing Care ; Percutaneous Coronary Intervention* ; Urination Disorders