The current paper, pivoting on an analytical survey of the teaching contents and curriculum system of post-education for rural medical personnel, pinpoints the problems existing therein, and explores the various approaches for reforming the teaching contents and curriculum system.

ObjectiveTo observe the hereditary types and clinical characteristics of 137 patients with retinitis pigmentosa (RP) in Ningxia.MethodsOne hundred and thirty-seven patients with RP who diagnosed by the examinations of visual acuity, optometry, direct or indirect ophthalmoscope, visual field,optical coherence tomography (OCT) and electroretinogram were enrolled. The hereditary types and clinical characteristics were analyzed according to the family history and the results of ophthalmologic examinations.ResultsOne hundred and thirty-seven patients included 29 autosomal dominant RP (ADRP) patients from 8 families (7.4％), 16 autosomal recessive RP (ARRP) patients from 15 families (13. 9％), 10 X-linked RP (XLRP) from 3 families (2.8％), and 82 simplex RP (SRP) patients (75.9％).There were 15consanguineous marriage families out of 26 families with RP history (57.7 ％). The patients were classified as typical RP (102 patients, 74.5％) and atypical RP (35 patients, 25.5％). All the ADRP and XLRP patients showed typical clinical features of RP. Ten (62.5％) of ARRP patients and 53 (64.6％) of SRP patients had typical features of RP. Six (37.5％) of ARRP patients and 29 (35.4％) of SRP patients had atypical features of RP. Among atypical RP patients, 17 (48. 6％) patients were non-pigmented RP which including 3 patients were misdiagnosed as amblyopia during childhood. The logarithm of minimal angle of resolution (logMAR) best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) of ADRP patients was 1.04±0.51 at the age older than 51 years, while the BCVA of ARRP and XLRP patients were 0. 92+0. 61 and 1. 70±0. 02 respectively at 21 to 30 years of age. One hundred and twenty-three (89. 8%) patients suffered from varying degrees of myopia. OCT showed that the average thickness of macular fovea in ADRP patients was ( 185. 73 + 1. 23) μm at the age older than 51 years, while in ARRP and XLRP patients were (173. 21 ± 0. 98) and (170. 49+1. 15) μm respectively at 21 to 30 years of age. Conclusions ADRP and XLRP are typical RP. All atypical RP are ARRP and SRP. Non-pigmented RP are mainly seen in atypical RP which often misdiagnosed as amblyopia during childhood. The photoreceptors in macula are damaged in the early stage and the decline of visual acuity occurred at 21 to 30 years of age in patients with ARRP and XLRP. The ADRP patients has late slower decline of visual acuity and retain some visual acuity at the age older than 51 years.

Objective To investigate the expression of uPAR and VEGF-C in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and its effect on the biological behavior of HCC. Methods The expression of uPAR and VEGF-C in liver tissue specimen of 33 patients with HCC was detected by immunohistochemical staining. Results The positive expression of uPAR and VEGF-C in HCC tissues was located in cytoplasma of cancer cells. The positive rates of uPAR and VEGF-C were 69.7 %(23/33) and 78.8 %(26/33) respectively in 33 cases of HCC. The expression rates of uPAR and VEGF-C were significantly higher in HCC with metastasis than in HCC without metastasis(P<0.05). But there were not significant correlation between the expression of uPAR or VEGF-C and tumor size, tumor grade, AFP level, hepatic cirrhosis. There was a close correlation between uPAR and VEGF-C in HCC(r=0.676, P<0.01). Conclusion The expression of uPAR and VEGF-C is correlated with metastasis, uPAR and VEGF-C may be signs of aggressive phenotype for evaluating treatment and prognosis of HCC. Examination of these two proteins may be helpful to .judge biological behavior of HCC.

Breast precancerous disease is a group of benign proliferative disorders which is correlated to breast cancer, the latter being the most common female cancer. The relative risk of developing breast cancer within 10-20 years after diagnosis is quite different among histological types of premalignant disease, varying from 1.5 to 10. Most of these diseases increase the rate of cancer in both breasts. While further researches on the relationship between breast premalignant disorders and breast cancer are going on, the diagnosis and management of these precancerous conditions seem to be more and more important for the prevention of breast cancer.

AIM: To study the effects of 9 (4 Ethoxycarboxylyphenoxy) 6,7 dimethoxy 1,2,3,4 tetrahydro acridine (EDT) on learning and memory abilities. METHODS: The step down test and Y maze test were adopted in this study. RESULTS: EDT ( 2.5 , 5, 10 mg?kg -1 , ig? 5 d ) dose dependently improved the impairment of memory acquisition, memory consolidation and memory retrieval induced by scopolamine, NaNO 2 and alcohol in mice. CONCLUSION: EDT can improve learning and mermory ability in mice.

The author described anatomical basis of areriovenous malformation model construction in swine with methods,applications and the existence of deficiency.

Objective To observe the effects ofTanyu Tongzhi Formula on proliferation and migration of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs);To explore its activity of pro-angiogenesis.Methods HUVECs were cultured in vitro. Rats were treated with gavage containing different doses ofTanyu Tongzhi Formula (78.0, 39.0, 19.5 g/kg) to prepare serum with different doses of medicine. The activity of HUVECs was measured by MTT method. The effects on migration of HUVECs were inspected by using scratch wound assay.Results Compared with the normal control group, serum containing high-dose and medium-doseTanyu Tongzhi Formula could significantly promote the proliferation of the HUVECs (P<0.01). The rates were 49.78% and 33.92% respectively. And the cell migration rate was higher in the two groups than in the normal control group (P<0.01). The rates were 11.36% and 11.62% respectively.ConclusionTanyu Tongzhi Formula can promote proliferation and migration in HUVEC, which may be active to pro-angiogenesis.

Hyperplastic disease of the breast (HDB) is caused by a hormone imbalance experienced among women at a certain age. Slight breast pain is common in women before menstruation without need of treatment; however, if the pain becomes severe, it can cause physical and mental suffering. Therefore, it is of great clinical significance to control this disease.

The use ofYang transforming Qi, Yin constituting the bodycan be used in the treatment of metastasis of breast cancer from pathogenesis transformation view. Based on literature, this article analyzed the theory of Yang transforming Qi, Yin constituting the body and its possible guidance to clinical practice. Then the article illustrated the application cases of this theory in the treatment of breast cancer metastasis.