High load is concentrated on Satba wearing area of Ssireum athletes during the tournament. Muscular injuries in this area may seriously affect the athletic performance. We report a case of a 21-year-old Ssireum athlete who was experiencing pain in his left thigh (Satba wearing area) during a tournament due to the migrating mass effect of a partial ruptured semitendinosus muscle occurred approximately 6 months before. Herein is described the clinical results after surgical intervention with an added review of the relevant literature.
Athletes ; Athletic Performance ; Humans ; Muscles ; Rupture ; Thigh ; Young Adult

Adult ; Athletes ; Electroencephalography ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Sports ; physiology

Pars interarticularis fracture is a common finding in young soccer players with low back pain. Spondylolysis in young adults involves a defect of the pars interarticularis, occurring as a result of repeated hyperextension and rotation. Here, we describe the case of a 26-year-old male elite soccer player who was diagnosed with L3 spondylolysis 2 years previously. He visited Incheon Himchan Hospital again because of low back pain. Radiographs showed consecutive spondylolysis at the L3 and L4 levels. Physicians should be aware that repeated performance of athletic movements, such as those during soccer, might lead to consecutive levels of spondylolysis.
Adult ; Athletes ; Fractures, Stress ; Humans ; Incheon ; Low Back Pain ; Male ; Soccer* ; Spondylolysis* ; Sports ; Young Adult

Adolescent ; Adult ; Athletes ; Boxing ; Electroencephalography ; Female ; Humans ; Physical Education and Training ; methods ; Young Adult

Early repolarization is a common electrocardiographic (ECG) feature found in young adults, men and athletes, and has been considered to be a benign feature for the last several decades. But recent studies suggest that early repolarization may be related to idiopathic ventricular fibrillation and sudden cardiac death. We report a young man, 35 years old, who had life threatening ventricular fibrillation and sudden cardiac arrest. He was evaluated for cardiac causes of ventricular fibrillation. There was no explanation other than that his ECG showed an early repolarization pattern so we treated him with implantable cardioverter defibrillator. Thus, we suggest that early repolarization may be related with life threatening ventricular arrhythmia.
Arrhythmias, Cardiac ; Athletes ; Death, Sudden, Cardiac ; Defibrillators ; Electrocardiography ; Humans ; Male ; Ventricular Fibrillation* ; Young Adult

BACKGROUND: Although graded exercise stress tests are widely used for the evaluation of cardiorespiratory performance, normal standards on respiratory gas exchange and ventilatory functions at maximal exercise in Koreans have not been well established. The purpose of this study is to provide reference values on these by sex and age, along with derivation of some of their prediction equations. METHOD: Symptom-limited maximal exercise test was carried out by Bruce protocol in 1,000 healthy adults consisting of 603 males and 397 females, aged 20~66 years. Among them VC, FEV1 and MVV were also determined in 885 cases. All the subjects were members of a health center, excluding athletes. During the exercise, subjects were allowed to hold on to front hand rail of the treadmill for safety purpose. RESULTS: The VO2 max/m2, VCO2 max/m2 and VE max/m2 were greater in males than in females and decreased with age. The RR max in men and women was similar but decreased slightly with age. The VT max was markedly greater in men but showed no significant changes with age in either gender. The mean of VT max/VC, VE max/MVV and BR revealed that there were considerable ventilatory reserves at maximal exercise even in older females. The regression equations of the cardinal parameters obtained using exercise time(ET, min), age(A, yr), height(Ht, cm), weight(W, kg), sex(S, 0=male; l=female), VC(L), FEV1(L) and VE max(L) as variables are as follows: VO2 max/m2(L/min)=1.449+0.073 ET-0.007A+0.010W-0.006Ht-0.209S, VCO2 max/m2(L/min)= 1.672+0.063ET-0.008A + 0.010W -0.005Ht -0.319S, VE max/m2(L/min)=58.161 +1.503ET - 0.315A-9.871S or VE max/m2(L/min)=47.873+6.548 FEV1-5.715 S, and VT max(L)=1.497+ 0.223VC-0.493S. CONCLUSION: Respiratory gas exchange and ventilatory variables at maximal exercise were studied in 1,000 non-athletes by Bruce protocol. During exercise, the subjects were allowed to hold on to hand rail of the treadmill for safety purpose. We feel that our results would provide ideal target values for patients and healthy individuals to be achieved, since our study subjects were members of a health center whose physical fitness levels were presumably higher than ordinary population.
Adult ; Athletes ; Exercise Test ; Female ; Hand ; Humans ; Male ; Physical Fitness ; Reference Values

Compression neuropathy of the ulnar nerve due to anconeus epitrochlearis muscle is rare in adolescents. It is usually known that the hypertrophied muscle in adult or weightlifting athletes compresses the ulnar nerve. There were only few case reports in children and adolescent relevant to athletic activities. In this case, a non-athlete 15-year-old girl developed compression ulnar nerve neuropathy caused by an anconeus epitrochearis muscle. This case is remarkable as an anconeus epitrochearis muscle is uncommon in non-athlete children and adolescent since a literature review revealed no previous report.
Adolescent* ; Adult ; Athletes ; Child ; Cubital Tunnel Syndrome* ; Female ; Humans ; Sports ; Ulnar Nerve

OBJECTIVETo explore the new indexes and new methods for the noninvasive measuring and evaluating cardiac function detection of the athletes.

METHODSHeart sound signals were sampled randomly from 81 students in physical education department (experiment group) and 41 students in general departments (control group) after completing designed workload during step-climbing exercise, the contrast study on heart rate, D/S ratio as well as the S1/S2 ratio of students from physical education and general department has been conducted.

RESULTSIn the resting state, the physical education department students' heart rate and D/S ratio was 66 +/- 8.7 and 2.04 +/- 0.33 respectively; general department students' heart rate and D/S ratio was 71 +/- 8.0 and 1.82 +/- 0.27 respectively. In the whole exercise, the physical education department students S1/S2 ratio was 7.34 +/- 4.04; general department students S1/S2 ratio was 5.22 +/- 2.38.

CONCLUSIONStudents from physical education department have higher level of cardiac reserve than that of students from general department. The method can evaluate cardiac reserve for athletes and general persons, and provide a new quantity evaluation index for selecting athletes and evaluating cardiac function of general persons.

An ankle sprain is a relatively common sports-related injury but a severe open ankle sprain (SOAS) is very rare. A 27-year-old female athlete was injured during running and was hospitalized because of an inversed ankle injury with an open wound. She was diagnosed initially with an open-avulsion fracture at the tip of the fibula with an anterior talofibular ligament tear. The patient was finally diagnosed with SOAS from the surgical findings and literature review. SOAS should also be considered if there is a transverse open wound at the time of an ankle injury.
Adult ; Ankle ; Ankle Injuries ; Athletes ; Female ; Fibula ; Fractures, Open ; Humans ; Ligaments* ; Running ; Tears ; Wounds and Injuries

PURPOSE: This study was conducted to investigate the levels of heavy metals and self-rated health status of the national clay shooting athletes. METHODS: Fourteen subjects' blood lead level and index of liver damage (aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, and γ-glutamyl transferase) were measured. Heavy metal content in training environment was measured by collecting the buckshot fume. In addition, subjects completed a questionnaire assessing self-rated health status (Todai Health Index). RESULTS: Antimony and lead were detected much more than other heavy metals in the air of the shooting range. The average blood lead level of 14 subjects was significantly higher than the upper limit of normal Korean adults. Blood lead level of male is significantly higher than female and training frequency and the total training time per week were positively correlated to the blood lead level. In the result of survey on self-rated health, the higher the blood lead level, the lower the score of the common subjective physical symptoms. By age, the younger the subjects are, the higher the score of the common subjective symptoms. CONCLUSION: Although the level of heavy metals in fume of buckshot and blood lead was high, national clay shooting athletes thought that they are healthy.
Adult ; Alanine Transaminase ; Antimony ; Athletes* ; Female ; Humans ; Liver ; Male ; Metals, Heavy*