BACKGROUND:Nonunion is a common clinical problem of bone fracture. For decades, with the help of
internal/external fixation materials, popularization of microsurgical technique, innovation of bone graft materials, especial y molecular biology techniques, breakthrough progress has been made in the treatment of nonunion. OBJECTIVE:To summarize the research progress of treatment in nonunion and to provide better technology theory and choices of method for the treatment of nonunion in future.
METHODS:The PubMed database and CNKI database were retrieved by the first author for the articles related to reason and treatment method of nonunion published from January 1990 to May 2013. The key words were
“fracture nonunion, treatment, progress”. For the articles in the same field, those published recently or in authorized journals were selected.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The repetitive and old articles were eliminated, and final y 48 articles were selected for further analysis. At present, two methods can be used in the treatment of nonunion, including
nonsurgical method and surgical method, the surgical method is utilized more frequently and more efficiency in clinic. Fracture healing is the complex process involving various aspects, and once the nonunion occurred,
different patients should be treated with different methods, and the combination of various surgical and
nonsurgical methods can be used if necessary to obtain satisfactory effect. But al the treatment methods should pay attention to soft tissue protection.

BACKGROUND:Microtubule-associated protein-2 is a kind of important regulatory factor in regulating tubulin assembly. As one of the main members of microtubule-associated proteins, microtubule-associated protein-2 plays an important role in the repairing and development of the nervous system function. It has been found that microtubule-associated protein-2 can promote the repair and rebuilding of injured nerves. OBJECTIVE:To summarize the relationship between microtubule-associated protein-2 and nerve injury as wel as the mechanism of action. METHODS:The PubMed database and CNKI database were retrieved by the fist author for the articles related to microtubule-associated protein-2 published from January 1976 to January 2015. The key words were“microtubule-associated protein-2 (MAP-2), nerve injury, progress”in English and Chinese, respectively. In the same field, articles published recently or in authorized journals were preferred. Repetitive or old articles were excluded, and final y 82 articles were included in result analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Microtubule-associated protein-2 is involved in nerve repair, and plays a promoting role in neuronal morphology and plasticity. To increase the concentration of microtubule-associated protein-2 contributes to the recovery of neurologic function in the early stage after nerve injury.