Objective To investigate possible mechanism of Ginsenoside Rg1 on dopaminergic nigral neurons apoptosis of Parkinson's disease (PD) and its protective effect.Methods C57BL/6N mice were administrated with 1-Methy-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyri-dine (MPTP) to produce chronic PD model,PD mice were observed in behavioral changes.The expression levels of caspase-3 and TH in ventral midbrain were studied with immunohistochemistry and Western blotting.Apoptotic cell numbers were determined by TdT-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling (TUNEL).Results In group treated with Ginsenoside Rg1,the number of TH-positive neurons in SN was only decreased by 31% as compared with the control group (55%)(P<0.01),the expression of caspase-3 was apparently decreased and major expressed in the cytosol of nigral neurons and TUNEL positive cells in SN decreased (P<0.01).Conclusion The neuroprotective effect of Ginsenoside Rg1 on dopaminergic nigral neurons apoptosis of the mice model of Parkinson's disease induced by MPTP is significant,Decreased expression of Caspase-3 may be the major mechanism of Ginsenoside Rg1 for antiapoptosis.

AIM: To investigate the effect of sitagliptin on the autopaghy and the expression of extracellular matrix in mesangial cells induced by advanced glycation end products (AGEs).METHODS: The cells were divided into 5 groups: control group, AGE group, and sitagliptin (5, 10 and 20 μmol/L) groups.After 48 h, the cell viability was measured by MTT assay, and the content of collagen (Col) Ⅳ in the supernatant of the cell culture was detected by ELISA.The protein levels of beclin-1, adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK), p-AMPK, p70S6K and p-p70S6K were determined by Western blot.RESULTS: Compared with control group, the viability and the expression of Col IV induced by AGEs in the cultured mesangial cells were significantly increased (P<0.01).Sitagliptin decreased the viability and the expression of Col IV induced by AGEs in the mesangial cells in a dose-dependent manner.AGEs significantly inhibited the protein levels of beclin-1 and p-AMPK, but significantly increased the protein level of p-p70S6K.Compared with AGE group, sitagliptin significantly reversed the above results in a dose-dependent manner.CONCLUSION: Autophagy may mediate the protective effect of sitagliptin on mesangial cells induced by AGEs.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of the levels of serum lipid on the prognosis of patients with severe heart failure.MethodsThe clinical data of 149 patients with severe heart failure was analyzed retrospectively,the levels of serun lipid were compared among different causes and different NYHA cardiac functional grading patients.And the prognosis was compared between low-serum lipid and non-low-serum lipid patients.Results There were significant differences in the levels of total cholesterol(TC),high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C),low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C),albumin (ALB) among different NYHA cardiac functional grading (P ＜0.05),but there was no significant difference in triacylglycerol (TG) among different NYHA cardiac functional grading(P ＞ 0.05 ).The levels of TC,HDL-C,LDL-C in dilated cardiomyopathy and rheumatic heart disease were lower than those in coronary heart disease combined with hypertension and ischemic cardiomyopathy,there were significant differences (P ＜0.05).Followed up for 2 years,the mortality,deteriorated frequency,hospitalization frequency more than 2 times a year and hospitalization time more than 1 month in low-serum lipid patients [29.0％ (9/31 ),25.8％ ( 8/31 ),48.4％ ( 15/31 ),61.3％ ( 19/31)]were higher than those in non-low-serum lipid patients [9.3 ％ ( 11/118 ),9.3％ ( 11/118 ),17.8％ (21/118 ),24.6％ (29/118 )],and there were significant differences (P ＜ 0.01 or ＜0.05).Conclusions For patients with severe heart failure,NYHA cardiac functional grading has significantly negative correlation with their serum lipid levels.Lower serum lipid levels will seriously affect the prognosis of patients.

Objective To observe the effect of aspirin on phtelets activation markers in patients with coronary heart disease and set up a diagnostic criteria of aspirin resistance.To preliminarily predict the incidence of aspirin resistance in hospital patients.Methods The subjects were divided into 3 groups:aspirin group(103 cases),control group(24 eases),and healthy control group(23 cases).Using whole blood samples,we detected the ratio of CD62P,PAC-1 expression by flow cytometry(FCM)before and after 7-day treatment and compared the changes of CD62P and PAC-1 expression ratio,then calculated the inhibition ratio of platelets glycoprotein,set up the diagnostic criteria of aspirin resistance with receiver operator characteristic curve(SOC)and calculate the incidenee of aspirin resistance in hospital patients.Results The statisticsl reaults are listed as below:in asptirin group,before treatment CD62P(10.16±6.80)%,PAC-1(14.66±10.56)%,and after treatment CD62P(5.70±4.28)%,PAC-1(8.93±7.08)%,P＜0.01.In control group,before treatment CD62P(9.14±6.52)%,PAC-1(17.67±11.53)%,and after treatment CD62P(7.81±5.72)%,PAG-1(14.97±8.05)%,P＜0.05.According to ROC,the inhibition ratio of CD62P＜21.5% or PAG-1＜17.7% was individually set up asdiagnostic criteria of AR.Our study indicate that the incidence of aspirin resistance in hospital CHD patients is 17.5%.Conclusion There exists platelet activation in CHD patients.CD62P and PAC-1 could be considered as the sensitive index of platelet activation and used in the evaluation of anti-platelet therapy.Aspirin can decrease the expression of CD62P and PAC-1,and inhibit the activation of platelet.According to this study,aspirin resistance really exists in CHD patients.By FCM,the diagnostic criteria of aspirin resistance in CHD is the inhibition ratio of CD62P＜21.5% or PAC-1 ＜17,7% due to aspirin.The incidence of aspirin resistance in hospital CHD patients is 17.5%.

Objective To explore the efficacy of recombinant human brain natriuretic peptide (rhBNP) in the treatment of heart failure patients with coronary heart disease (CHD).Methods Ninety-six CHD patients with heart failure were divided into observation group (48 cases) and control group (48 cases) by random digits table,and rhBNP was used in observation group and nitroglycerin was used in control group.The efficacy,left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and urine output in two groups were observed.Results The total effective rate in observation group was 93.75％ (45/48),and 81.25％ (39/48) in control group,there was significant difference between two groups (P ＜ 0.05).LVEF and urine output after treatment were better than those before treatment [observation group:(57.7 ± 3.9)％ vs. (32.5 ± 3.1 )％,(70.5 ± 31.1 ) ml/h vs.(34.5 ± 13.7) ml/h;control group:(52.2 ± 3.3)％ vs.(33.4 ± 2.9)％,(53.6 ± 23.4) ml/h vs.(33.8 ± 13.4)ml/h,P ＜ 0.05 ].After treatment,LVEF and urine output in observation group were higher than those in control group (P ＜ 0.05 ).Incidence of adverse reaction in observation group was lower than that in control group [ 18.75％ (9/48) vs.35.42％ ( 17/48),P ＜ 0.05 ].Conclusion rhBNP has curative effect and small adverse reactions on CHD patients with heart failure,and can significantly improve the patients' general condition.

Brachial Plexus ; pathology ; Humans ; Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse ; pathology ; Vagus Nerve ; pathology