BACKGROUND:Calcaneus has its special anatomy. Moreover, it is difficult to expose the inside to the posterior side of the joint surface. Lateral calcaneal soft tissue was less. The joint surface can be clearly exposed after incision, so lateral L-shaped incision is conventionaly used in calcaneal surgery. OBJECTIVE:To analyze the suspicious factors influencing the open reduction titanium plate for calcaneal fracture and internal fixation of L-shaped wound healing during bone graft. METHODS:A total of 84 cases (94 sides) of calcaneal fractures, who were treated in the Disabled Rehabilitation Center in Liaoning Province from June 2011 to November 2014, were included in this study. They were grouped according to the source of bone graft. Alograft group contained 52 sides (44 cases). Autogenous iliac bone graft group contained 42 sides (40 cases). Operation time of calcaneus was 7-10 days after injury. L-shaped incision was made for open reduction and internal fixation with titanium plate and bone graft. The patient’s age, the type of bone graft, type of drainage and drainage time that may cause theincision complications were investigated and analyzed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1) Among 84 cases of 94 calcaneal fractures after operation, 16sides affected complications. (2) Significant differences in the incidence of complications were detected between negative pressure drainage and skin flap drainage (P< 0.05). Negative pressure drainage had a significant effect on reducing the incidence of incision complications. (3) Significant differences in the incidenceof incision complications were determined between the alograft group and autogenous iliac bone graft group (P< 0.05). Implantation of autogenous iliac bone could significantly reduce the incidence of incision complications. (4) No significant differencewas detected between the complication group and non-complication group in age and drainage time (P> 0.05). (5) These findings indicate that 7-10 days after injury, operation after the sweling subsided completely, the negative pressure drainage, and planting autogenous iliac crest can reduce the incidence of complications related to lateral calcaneal L-shaped incision.