70 patients including 60 cases under acupuncture anesthesia and 10 cases under drug anesthesia were observed. Before and 20 minutes after acupuncture the blood samples were taken from the patient ear lobes respectively, and in some patients taken once again 24 hrs after acupuncture. The electroacupuncture point Hegu or Zusanli was mainly adopted. As the method for detection of cell-mediated immunity(CMI) in vitro the improved microtechnique of whole blood for E-rosette (active and nonactive) and lymphocyte transformation tests was used. In performance of active rosetting the total leucocyte count and the differential lymphocyte count were done for calculation of absolute number of active rosette forming cells (RFC). The mean value of increase of active RFC was 12.7?1.43, the decrease was 6.8?1.77 after acupuncture. The increment of the absolute number of active RFC was 175?63.59. However no marked effect on the drug anesthesia group was found. In the lymphocyte transformation assay the increase was 12.7?1.49, the decrease was 7.0?2.19, and the enhancement effect still exhibited 24 hrs after acupuncture. In these tests an increase was mostly found in those with a lower or a usual CMI level; a decrease often found in those with a higher CMI level prior to acupuncture. The increase or decrease level in the results of three kinds of test (active, nonactive RFC and lymphocyte transformation) was similar, the increase range was 12～13%, the decrease range 6～7%. As the former compared with the latter, the promotion was prominent by all means.