Mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR) inhibitors have the anti-tumor ettect,which have been known early.The traditional mTOR inhibitors include rapamycin and its derivatives,which have been applied in clinical use early.Nowadays,some new small molecule inhibitors such as the PI3K/mTOR duel inhibitor,Torinl,one after another are found to play a unique role in the tumor therapy.

Kawasaki disease (KD) is a systemic vascular inflammatory lesion in children with acute febrile rash illness. The inci-dence rate in recent years is increasing. The traditional treatment in some patients is ineffective, and KD has high incidence of cardiovas-cular complications. Therefore, the selection of an appropriate therapy for KD is an urgent. With the continuous advance of biomedical and pharmacologically research, many biological agents were developed. The traditional treatment has been gradually replaced by the new biological agents which achieved the desired results. Thus this paper reviewed several common biological agents in the clinical treatment of KD.

Kawasaki disease (KD) is a systemic vasculitis diseases.It may be involved multisystem.The most serious complication is coronary artery lesions,which is associated with coronary atherosclerosis in adult.Coronary artery disease caused by endothelial cell dysffunction has attracted the attention of many scholars.Now summarize the research progress in recent years as follows:endothelial cell function evaluation methods,KD markers of endothelial cell injury,and the relationship of the endothelial cell dysfunction with KD coronary lesions.

Kawasaki disease (KD) is an acute febrile systemic vasculitis,and the cause of KD is not well understood.Based on epidemiologic studies and surveys,several features of KD strongly suggest a genetic component to disease pathogenesis.As a result of their involvement in immune response,human leucocyte antigen (HLA) genes have been extensively studied in association with outcomes of autoimmune and infectious diseases.HLA gene polymorphisms have also been reported to be associated with KD.Now,HLA gene polymorphisms related to KD is focused.

Aim To explore the relationship of the single nucleotide polymorphisms of multidrug resistance gene 1 and brain derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF) gene to childhood drug resistance epilepsy.Methods Two single nucleotide polymorphisms,T-129C polymorphism in multidrug resistance gene 1 and C270T polymorphism in BDNF gene,were conducted with PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis.The distribution of genotypes and allele frequencies of two single nucleotide polymorphisms in childhood drug resistance epilepsy were compared to those in drug respond epilepsy and controls.Results The distribution of TT genotype and T allele frequencies of multidrug resistance gene 1 in drug resistance epilepsy differed significantly from those in drug respond epilepsy and controls(P0.05).Conclusions The findings suggested that the T-129C polymorphism of multidrug resistance gene 1 maybe associated with childhood drug resistance epilepsy and played some role in the etiology of drug resistance epilepsy,but C270T polymorphism of BDNF gene was not confirmed to relate to childhood drug resistance epilepsy.

Recent studies have found that autophagy was not only involved both in the occurrence and development of viral myocarditis (VMC),but also,it plays a key role in anti-viral infections by degradating the viral components,presenting viral antigens and activating the immune response.Meanwhile,the virus can also escape the protective antiviral activity and maintain their own survival and replication by inducing the autophagy of the host cells,becoming the accelerator of the viral infection.The interaction of the virus and the host cell autophagy in VMC is a complex process.Its detailed pathogenesis has yet to be further explored.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of different dosage recombinant human erythropoietin(rhEPO),an angiogenesis-like factor,on pulmonary angiogenesis exposed to hyperoxia in newborn rats.MethodsSixty Sprague-Dawley newborn rats were randomly divided into four groups:air group (room air exposure,n =15 ),hyperoxia group ( exposed to 95％ oxygen,n =15 ),hyperoxia + large dosage rhEPO group (received rhEPO 5000 U/kg,intraperitoneally on 1 hour before and 3 days after exposed to hyperoxia,n =15) and hyperoxia + small dosage rhEPO group (received rhEPO 800U/kg,the same time points,n =15 ).The isodose of saline were given intraperitoneally on the same time points in the air group and the hyperoxia group.After 6 d of exposure,the survival rate was compared,CD31 and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were measured by immunohistochemistry to assess hyperoxia-induced changes in lung morphology.ResultsAfter 6d of exposure,hyperoxia + large dosage rhEPO group prolonged the survival rate in comparison with the hyperoxia group [ 86.7 ％ ( 13/15 ) vs 60.0 ％ ( 9/15 ) ].The expression of lung CD31 [ ( 38.69 ±1.69)％ vs (33.57±4.12)％,P＜0.05] and VEGF (124.4296±7.2823 vs 114.2059 ±-8.345 7,P＜0.05) in newborn rats treated with large dosage of rhEPO was significantly higher than those in hyperoxia group.While there was no significant difference of CD31 [ ( 36.34 ± 1.89 ) ％ ] and VEGF( 115.429 6 ± 6.719 9) in small dosage rhEPO group compared with the hyperoxia group (P＞0.05 ).ConclusionInstead of treatment with small dosage rhEPO (800 U/kg),large dosage rhEPO (5000 U/kg) may have important protective effects on pulmonary angiogenesis in hyperoxia-induced lung injury of newborn rats.

To investigate the association between HbA1C level and severity of coronary artery lesion in non-diabetic patients with coronary heart disease. This study was a retrospective and controlled study in a single center. 302 patients were enrolled. Coronary arterial lesion was confirmed by coronary angiography carried out in Tianjin Chest Hospital between January 2008 and November 2011. The patients enrolled should be non-diabetic with normal fasting blood glucose and HbA1C levels. The patients were divided into 3 groups according to the HbA1C levels, Group 1 (≤5. 5%, n=92),Group 2(5. 6%-5. 8%, n=94),Group 3(5. 9%-6. 4%, n=116), and the SYNTAX scores between the groups were compared. The predictive value of HbA1C in groups with intermediate and high SYNTAX score was identified by Logistic regression analysis while common risk factors such as sex, age, hypertension, lipid, and fasting glucose were adjusted. The SYNTAX score from Group 1 to Group 3 had statistically significantdifference(P<0.01). Simpleregressionwasusedtocalculatethecorrelationcoefficient(r=0.335,P<0. 01). Binary Logistic regression was used to confirm that HbA1C level was also associated with intermediate and high SYNTAX score(OR=5. 089, P<0. 05). In non-diabetic patients, the HbA1C level is associated with the severity of the lesion of coronary artery. The results indicate that a higher level of HbA1C seems to be an independent predictor to the prevalence of complex coronary lesions.

Objective To study the effects of mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR)transfection on the proliferation of NIH3T3 fibroblasts.Methods The plasmid of pcDNA3-mTOR was transfected into NIH3T3 fibroblasts with electroporation method.The positive cell clones were selected with G418.The stable mRNA and protein expressions of mTOR in the cells were determined by RT-PCR and Western blotting analysis respectively.MTT assay was employed to observe the proliferation of NIH3T3 fibroblasts.Results mTOR mRNA and protein expressions increased obviously in transfected group than that of in control group(P

Objective To compare the clinical efficacy of laparoscopic repair of laparoscopic transabdominal preperitoneal(TAPP)and Lichtenstein tension-free repair herniorrhaphy in the treatment of recurrent inguinal hernia in adults,and to explore the clinical advantages of TAPP in the treatment of recurrent inguinal hernia.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted in 54 adult patients with recurrent inguinal hernia from December 2010 to January 2015.The patients were randomly divided into TAPP group and Lichtenstein group.The operation time,intraoperative bleeding volume,postoperative hospitalization time,cost of hospitalization,postoperative complications,early postoperative pain and the recurrence of hernia were compared between the two groups.Results All patients were successfully completed surgery.The operation time of TAPP group (47.2 ±9.4)min was significantly shorter than (73.1 ±10.4)min of Lichtenstein group (t=-2.503,P=0.034).The median amount of bleeding during operation of TAPP group was 40(15 -110)ml,which was significantly less than 73(11 -130)ml in Lichtenstein group (t=-6.018,P=0.000). Postoperative hospital stay of TAPP group[(6.5 ±1.4)d]was shorter than (8.2 ±1.6)d of the Lichtenstein group (t=-2.613,P=0.028).Early postoperative pain score of TAPP group[(1.8 ±1.2)points]was better than (2.9 ± 1.4)points in Lichtenstein group (t=-7.006,P=0.000),the difference was statistically significant.However,the hospitalization cost of TAPP group[(8 842.8 ±415.2)yuan]was higher than (6 676.9 ±327.6)yuan of the Lichtenstein group,the difference was statistically significant(t=6.782,P<0.05).In TAPP group,2 cases had complications after operation,which were less than 5 cases of Lichtenstein group.Postoperative follow up ranged from 6 to 48 months,1 case of recurrence in Lichtenstein group,the recurrence rate was 3.8%.There was no recurrence in the TAPP group.Conclusion TAPP has the advantages of short operation time,less bleeding,rapid postoperative recovery,less postoperative pain and so on.It can be used as a recommended procedure for the treatment of recurrent inguinal hernia in adults.