Cytochemical methods were used to evaluate the changes of intracellular calcium, plasma membrane permeability and their relationship during ischemia and reflow in rat renal proximal tubule epithelia cells. In addition, the preventive effects of inosine and Rhizoma Ligustici Chuanxiong on ischemia and reperfusion cell injury were studied. The results showed that the preventive effects of inosine and Rhizoma Ligustici Chuanxiong were obvious. Redistribution and slight increase of calcium occurred during ischemic period in the proximal tubule cells. In this period the changes of plasma membrane permeability were gentle. Following the extention of reflow time, a large amount of calcium deposited in the cells and mitochondria. The plasma membrane became broken.

Peripheral blood cells of ten cases of acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) were detected by zymochemical method (myeloperoxidase MPO, platelet peroxidase PPO) and cytochemical method with CD serial monoclonal antibody (CD5, CD7, CD9, CD16, CD13, CD19, CD20, CD33, CD41, CD42) labelled by immunogold. The concrete procedure of serial electron microscopy for ALL diagnosis is also described.

A method by using ?-BT-HRP conjugate to localize N-acetylcholinc receptor of neuromuscular junction was described.Thin strips of fresh muscle were incubated with ?-BT-HRP conjugate at a concentration of 1?10-7 M in Tyroid's solution and then reacted with Karnovsky's DAB medium.There were obviously brownish red positive deposits to constitute various vesicular forms seen under a light microscope. Under an electron microscope we can see positive deposits that were localized both on the presynaptic and postsynaptic membra-nes. The binding activity and reliability of a-BT-HRP were discussed.

Intracellular calcium distribution was studied in myocardial cells of mice by using pyroantimonate cytochemistry and EDX microanalysis. The results demonstrated that both OPP and PPP methods had a selective localization of intracellular bound calcium, and OPP method was more sensitive to calcium. The distribution of calcium in myocardial cells is highly departmentalized, and its mam pools were confined to sarcoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria. Calcium eylochemical localization is very useful in studying the effect of calcium in metabolism and pathogenesis of myocandial cells.

OBJECTIVETo compare the differences in the clinical efficacy between Guan's quadruple therapy for kidney disease and the conventional western medication in the treatment of chronic renal failure (CRF).

METHODSEighty patients were randomized into an observation group and a control group, 40 cases in each one. In the observation group, besides the physician instruction of low protein and low phosphorus diet in the two groups, Guan's quadruple therapy for kidney disease was applied, including (1) the isolated herbal moxibustion at Shenshu (BL 23) and Pishu (BL 21), or Ganshu (BL 18), Zusanli (ST 36) and Guanyuan (CV 4) alternatively; (2) acupuncture at the auricular points such as shen (CO10), jiaogan (AHR6), Shenshangxian (TG2), fei (CO14) and pizhixia (AT4); (3) injection of mixture of astragalus injection and lidocaine injection at Feishu (BL 13), Pishu (BL 21), Shenshu (BL 23) and the others; (4) modified Shenshuai Yihao decoction according to syndrome differentiation. In the control group, the conventional western medication was used. After 6 months of treatment, the differences were observed between the two groups in the clinical efficacy, serum creatinine (Scr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), endogenous creatinine (Ccr) and 24 h urine protein quantitation (UPQ).

RESULTSIn the observation group, after treatment, the remarkably effective rate was 50.0% (20/40) and the total effective rate was 82.5% (33/40), which were superior to 25.0% (10/40) and 45.0% (18/40) in the control group (both P < 0.05). After treatment, the levels of Scr, BUN and 24 h UPQ were reduced apparently (all P < 0.05), and the level of Ccr was increased apparently in the two groups (both P < 0.05). After treatment, the levels of Scr, BUN and 24 h UPQ were reduced much more apparently in the observation group as compared with those in the control group (all P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONGuan's quadruple therapy for kidney disease achieves a better efficacy on CRF compared with the conventional western medication. This therapy improves renal functions, relieves clinical symptoms and physical signs and benefits the life quality of patients.

Acupuncture Therapy ; Adult ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Female ; Humans ; Kidney Failure, Chronic ; drug therapy ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Kidney Function Tests ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Young Adult

BAP1 is a member of the ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolases (UCH) subfamily of deubiquitylases with basic function of removing monoubiquitin or ubiquitin chains from the specific substrate proteins. As well, it is a key factor in regulating gene expression, cell cycle, cell differentiation,cell apoptosis and DNA damage response, dependent or independent of its deubiquitination function. Evidences haverevealed that mutation or downregulation of BAP1 can prominently increase the occurrence of cancers, including uveal melanoma, mesothelioma, renal cell carcinoma, breast cancer and lung cancer. Currently, the tumor spectrum and the pathogenic mechanism on BAP1 have not been illustrated clearly, and need to be further researched,which might bring a new opportunity in treatment of cancers.

Bone marrow cells from 2 patients with panmyelosis leukemia were observed with transmission electron microscopy (TEM),scanning electron microscopy (SEM),myeloperoxidase (MPO) and platelet peroxidase (PPO).A lot of immature cells were found in the granulocytic, monocytic,erythrocytic and megakaryocytic series.Their major morphologic characteristics were as follows. In the erythrocytic series, petaloid-like and ball-like structure appeared and their perinuclear cisters were wider. In the myelomonocytic series, nuclear-cytoplasmic organelle asynchrony could be seen makedly and the nucleus appeared fully mature, but the cytoplasm contained only a few organelles, and in some cells the organells were often locally distributed. In the megakaryocytic series, many micromegakaryocytes were seen. In this paper, the ultrastructura] changes of four kinds of cells and their relationship with erythro-leukemia are also discussed.

We report in detail ultrastructural changes and freezing damage mechanism about heart muscle and some organelles after rapid freezing. The ventricles of rat heart were cut pieces about 100-150/?m by microsiicer. The pieces were quickly injected liquid cryogen Freon 22 by Reichert-Jung spring-assistant mechanism (KF-80). The specimens frozen were rapidly transferred into substitution medium aceton and kept at -80℃(28h), then -60℃ (48h),-20℃(12h)and 4℃ (1 h). The structures of specimens frozen were well and there were no ice crystals in the area of the tissue frozen surface to 20?m depth. However, there were freezing damages in mitochondrial crista, intercellular substance and muscular fibre in the tissue surface to 30?m depth. The structure of tissue was destroyed by ice crystal over 50?m depth in the tissue. The results suggest that intercellular substance and mitochondrial crista are the most sensitive to ice crystal damage after rapid freezing of heart tissue, then the less sensitive are muscular fibre and nucleus. The unit membrane is not easy to be damaged by ice crystal.

BACKGROUND:Animal experimental studies have confirmed that cell transplantation,neurotrophic factor infusion or transplantation as well as other methods can alter the local environment of injured spinal cord and promote its partial function recovery. OBJECTIVE:This study aimed to assess the clinical efficacy of olfactory ensheathing cell transplantation for the treatment of the sequel of myelitis,and to explore whether it would promote the recovery of the spinal cord function. DESIGN:A non-randomized self-control study. SETTING:Ward of Second Department of Surgery of Taian Disabled Soldiers Hospital of Shandong Province. PARTICIPANTS:Thirty-two patients with obsolete myelitis,who come from all over China and suffered from disease for 0.5 to 7 years,admitted to our hospital between June 2004 and July 2007 were recruited in this study.The involved patients,including 21 males and 11 females,were aged 5-48 years.Their neurological functions were not obviously improved after various conventional treatments and limb function exercise.Meanwhile,various sensorimotors and autonomic nerve functional impairments were left.Among the patients,18 suffered from acute viral myelitis,8 from acute purulent myelitis and 6 from tuberculous myelitis.After onset,they were all given large doses of radiosonde, dexamethasone,anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory drugs and various neurotrophic drugs.Twenty-six patients presented complete injury and six patients incomplete injury.Informed consent of treatment was obtained from each patient.The therapeutic protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of the hospital.Embryonic olfactory bulbs were harvested from aborted embryo,which was donated voluntarily by the patients or their relatives. METHODS:Cells were isolated from embryonic olfactory bulbs,cultured and purified for 7 to 14 days,and finally they were digested into single-cell suspension.Under the surgical miscroscope,the cells were transplanted onto the regions which were above or below the spinal cord injury site.Two weeks to 2 months postoperatively,neurological function of spinal cord was assessed by using the American Spinal Injury Association(ASIA)Scoring Standard formulated in 2000,and was compared to pre-operation function. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:①Sensory function change.②Motor function change. RESULTS:Half a year to 2 years after olfactory ensheathing cell transplantation,the sensory and motor functions of 32 patients were all obviously improved(motor function:55.72?10.50 vs.51.53?13.41;light touch:69.53?11.68 vs. 63.06?15.98;pain sense:69.50?12.20 vs.64.03?15.0,all P

T-cell DNA hypomethylation can increase expression of genes that have potential relation to autoimmunity. CD70 overexpression may be associated with B-cell activation and immunoglobulin secretion, while perforin plays an important role in T-cell-mediated macrophage apoptosis. DNA hypomethylation can activate human endogenous retroviruses (HERV) sequences. Expression of HERV components may elicit autoantibodies production. Polyamines change structure of chromosome and interfere with DNA methylation process, which is involved in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases.
DNA Methylation ; Humans ; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic ; etiology ; genetics ; immunology