Following the aging of population in the whole world and prolongation of survival time of patients with chronic diseases such as coronary heart disease, hypertension, and etc, the incidence rate of chronic cardiac failure increased obviously, especially its high level lethality rate becomes a big challenge which the clinical cardiologists must face to. As one of important treating methods, rehabilitation therapy has been attracting attention more and more.

ObjectiveTo observe the effect of Tongxinfang on coronary collateral formation and stent-restenosis in patients with coronary artery disease after stenting.Methods61 patients with coronary artery disease were randomly divided into the treatment group (n=30), and control group (n=31). Patients of the treatment group were taking Chinese medicine Tongxinfang for six months, but cases of the control group only received basic treatment. Coronary collateral formation, stent-restenosis and ejection fraction (EF) of patients of two groups were assessed through aniograms and echocardiography before treatment and after six months.ResultsCoronary collateral formation and EF of patients of the treatment group improved significantly compared with cases of the control group (P<0.01 or P<0.05), but the minimal lumen diameter and percent of diamter stenosis were not significantly different between two groups (P>0.05).ConclusionTongxinfang can improve coronary collateral formation and EF.

ObjectiveTo observe the effect of Yiqihuoxue recipe on left ventricular remodeling after acute myocardial infarction (AMI).Methods40 patients with AMI were randomly divided into treatment group and control group with 20 cases in each group and received Yiqihuoxue recipe or fasinopril respectively for 6 months. Changes of clinical symptoms, the level of plasma angiotensin Ⅱ(ATⅡ), aldosterone (ALD), endothelin (ET) and echocardiographical indexes: left ventricular end-diastolic volume index (LVEDVI), left ventricular end-systolic volume index (LVESVI), ejection fraction (EF), left ventricular mass index (LvmassI), wall motion index (WMI), wall thick (WT), E/A were assessed before discharge, and in the end of 3rd and 6th month after AMI.ResultsClinical symptoms of patients of treatment group improved significantly (P<0.01). EF and E/A of all patients in two groups increased (P<0.01 or P<0.05), LvmassI and WT reduced (P<0.05), but there were no significantly differences between two groups in LVEDVI, LVESVI, EF, LvmassI, WMI, E/A and WT(P>0.05). The level of plasma ET decreased in treatment group (P<0.05), the level of plasma ATⅡ and ALD of control group decreased more than that of treatment group (P<0.05).ConclusionYiqihuoxue recipe can significantly improve clinical symptoms, cardic function, and left ventricular remodeling, showing a better clinical efficacy.

ObjectiveTo explore the effect of Shuanglong pill which can vivid blood and relax thread pulse on cardial morphology and haemodynamics in experimental myocardial infarction (MI) rats.Methods66 rats ligated left coronary artery were randomly divided into large dose group of Shuanglong pill (LDG), small dose group of Shuanglong pill (SDG), the normal control (NC) and the control group of MI. Half in each group received 2 week treatment and the other received 4 week treatment, and were spiled in femoral and common carotid artery respectively. Parameters of cardiac haemodynamics were monitored by eight lead physiological recorder. ResultsLeft ventricular systolic maximum velocity in LDG, SDG and DC was more significantly elevated than in MI, after 2 weeks and 4 weeks of treatment, but it was lower than NC. There were no significant differences among LDG, SDG and DC. Ventricular systolic maximum velocity in LDG was more significantly elevated than in MI after 2 week treatment.ConclusionTreating MI with Shuanglong pill can improve left ventricular systolic maximum velocity, and diastolic phase function of left ventricular also elevate during the acute stage of MI by using large dose.

Objective To further explore the pathogenesis of disturbed adaptive immune response in infants with sepsis. Methods Forty-eight infants with sepsis and 26 age-matched healthy infants were enrolled in this study. The HLA-DR expression of CD14~+ monocyte, the proportion of CD4~+ CD25~+ Foxp3~(high) Tr cells and the proportion of Thl7 cells were measured by flow cytometry. Cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, IL-10, TGF-β and IL-17A) were measured by ELISA. Real-time PCR were used to evaluate the mRNA levels of Foxp3, ROR-γt in CD4-positive cells and IL-17A. Forty-eight infants with sepsis were divided into two groups according to HLA-DR expression of CD14~+ monocyte: DR-H group ( ＞ 30% ) and DR-L group ( ＜ 30% ). Results The ratio of IL-10/TNF-α in DR-L group was higher than that in healthy control or DR-H group(P ＜0.05). The proportion of CD4~+ CD25~+ Foxp3~(high) Tr cells and mRNA expression of transcription factor Foxp3 in DR-L group was found to be significantly higher than that in healthy control or DR-H group(P＜0.05). The proportion of Thl7 cells, Serum concentration of IL-17A, the mRNA expression of IL-17A and transcription factor ROR-γt were significantly increased in DR-H group and DR-L group (P ＜ 0.05) , while there is no significant difference between DR-H and DR-L group( P ＞0.05). Serum levels of Th17-inducing cytokine such as IL-1β, IL-6 were significantly elevated in DR-H group and DR-L group (P＜0.05), while there is no significant difference between DR-H and DR-L group( P＞0.05). Serum level of CD4~+ CD25~+ Foxp3~(high) Tr-inducing cytokine TGF-p in DR-L group was higher than that in DR-H or healthy control group(P＜0. 05). Conclusion Over-activation of Th17 cells may be one of the factors causing aberrant increase of pro-inflammatory cytokine/chemotatic factor in infant with sepsis. The imbalance of CD4~+ CD25~+ Foxp3~(high) Tr cells/Th17 cells may be contributed to the pathogenic mechanism of mixed antagonist response syndrome ( MARS) in infant with sepsis. The changes of cytokine environment in infants with sepsis may be one of the factors causing the imbalance of CD4~+ CD25~+ Foxp3~(high) Tr cells/Th17 cells.

Objective To screen for the causative genes involved in the occurrence and development of minimal changes nephritic syndrome(MCNS) and to furtherly assist the genetic diagnosis and treatment of MCNS.Methods Human genome U133 Array Set from Affymetrix Inc was used to evaluate gene expression patterns in peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMC) isolated from 7 children with primary MCNS and 7 age-matched health volunteers.Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) and real-time PCR were performed to identify the findings of gene chip.Results Of 33 000 genes detected,969 genes showed significant difference between children with(MCNS) and healthy volunteers;552 genes were up-regulated,while 417 genes down-regulated significantly.Findings from RT-PCR and real-time PCR were consistent with those of gene chip.Conclusions Gene chip of expression patterns is a powerful method to detect expression difference of genes correlated with MCNS.Occurrence and development of MCNS can be a complicated process that many correlative genes may participate in.

Objective To investigate the changes of CD4~+ T cell subset in the role of immuno-pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes mellitus(T1DM). Methods Real-time PCR was used to evaluate the ex-pression levels of transcriptional factors (T-bet, GATA-3, Foxp3, ROR-γt), cytokines (IFN-γ, IL-4, IL-10, IL-17A) and negative regulatory factors (CTLA-4, GITR) mRNA from CD4~+ T cells. The proportions of Th1, Th2, Tr and Th17 cells in peripheral blood were detected by flow cytometric analysis. Plasma cyto-kine (IFN-γ, IL-4, TGF-β and IL-6) concentrations were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results (1) The proportions of Th1 cells in peripheral blood from children with T1DM were siguificanfly increased than that of healthy controls, and proportions of Th2 were decreased (P < 0.01). There were no significant differences between diabetic patients and healthy controls regarding the proportions of Tr cells and Th17 cells(P >0.05). (2) Transcription levels of T-bet and IFN-γ mRNA were significantly up-regulated, while GATA3 and IL-4 were significantly down-regulated in children with T1DM. The mRNA expression levels of Tr negativity regulatory factors such as IL-10, CTLA-4 and GITR were lower in CD4~+ T cells from children with TIDM compared with the controls(P <0.01). There were no statistically differences to be observed in mRNA expression levels of ROR-γt and IL-17A genes between two groups(P > 0.05).(3) In comparison with controls, serum concentrations of IFN-γ or IL-4 were remarkable increased or de-creased respectively (P < 0. 01), while TGF-β and IL-6 did not change in children with T1DM (P > 0.05). Conclusion The Th1/Th2 imbalance might be play an important role in immunopathogenesis of T1DM. Functional deficiency of Tr cell might further exacerbate Th1/Th2 imbalance and lead to disturbance of cellu-lar immune response.

Objective To investigate the correlation between CT perfusion parameters of pulmonary carcinoma and standardized uptake values(SUV)derived from ~(18)F-fluoro-deoxyglucose positron emission tomography(~8F-FDG PET)and tumor microvessel density(MVD),and to determine the validity of CT perfusion in assessing tumor angiagenic activity of pulmonary carcinoma.Methods Fifty patients(mean age 57.5,17 females)with pulmonary carcinoma underwent CT perfusion using 16-slice helical CT.Blood flow(BF,ml?100g~(-1)?min~(-1)),blood volume(BV,ml?100g~(-1)),mean transmit time(MTF,s)and permeability surface area product(PS,ml?100g~(-1)?min~(-1))were analyzed.SUV of PET was calculated in 14 patients.The CD34 immunohistochemical staining was used for tumor microvessel counting.CT perfusion parameters of pulmonary carcinoma were correlatively studied with SUV and tumor MVD.Pearson's correlation analysis was performed to evaluate the association between CT perfusion parameters and SUV and MVD.Results The average values of BF,BV,MTT and PS were 97.30 ml?100g~(-1)?min~(-1), 8.86 ml?100g~(-1),6.75 s and 34.52 ml?100g~(-1)?min~(-1),respectively.The average value of MVD was 61.82/FOV.The mean value of SUV was 5.96.There was positive correlation between BF and SUV(r= 0.727,P

H4IIE hepatoma cells transfected by recombinant adiponectin adeno-associated virus vectors were effectively mediated adiponectin gene expression and enhanced the ability of suppressing glucose production of H4IIE cells at low concentration of insulin.Improvement of the insulin sensitivity in hepatocytes may contribute to the glucose-lowering effect of adiponectin.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the alteration of immune function and possible immunopathogenesis in the children with 2009 influenza A (H1N1) infection.

METHODSixty patients with 2009 influenza A (H1N1) infection hospitalized in Shenzhen Children's Hospital between November 1, 2009 and January 10, 2010 and 20 age-matched healthy children were enrolled in this study. The patients were divided into two groups according to the severity of influenza A infection: 35 mild cases (mild pneumonia) and 25 severe cases (severe pneumonia, acute encephalopathy associated with influenza A, and 3 died from acute necrotizing encephalopathy with influenza A infection). Real-time PCR was used to evaluate the expression levels of pattern recognition receptor (PRRs), retinoic acid induced gene I/melanoma differentiation associated gene 5 (RIG/MDA5), Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and TLRs signaling molecules, and negative-regulator. Three color fluorescent and flow cytometry were used to investigate the apoptosis of CD3(+), CD4(+), CD8(+) and CD19(+) cells. Plasma cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, IFN-γ, IFN-α, IL-10) concentrations were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

RESULT(1) The expression levels of RIG/MDA5, TLR2, 4 were much higher in the patients with influenza A infection, especially severe cases [TLR2 (9.69 ± 3.15) × 10(-2) vs. (3.96 ± 0.83) × 10(-2), t = 10.16, P < 0.05; TLR4 (10.23 ± 2.85) × 10(-2) vs. (7.46 ± 2.18) × 10(-2), t = 3.76, P < 0.05]. The expression levels of TLRs signal transduction molecules like MyD88 and TRAM also increased. (2) The cell counts of CD3(+), CD4(+), CD8(+) T cells and NK cells were markedly lower in the patients with influenza A infection compared to the NC group [CD3(+)(1.22 ± 0.38) × 10(9)/L vs.(3.59 ± 1.10) × 10(9)/L, t = 9.21, P < 0.05]. (3) Plasma concentrations and the mRNA expression of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β were elevated in mild cases, while declined in severe cases [TNF-α (6.42 ± 1.76) × 10(-2) vs. (9.05 ± 2.51) × 10(-2), t = 4.55, P < 0.05]. Plasma concentrations of IFN-α/IFN-β were up-regulated gradually with the aggravation of the disease, especially in severe cases. Compared with healthy controls, the expression of IFN-I inducible gene IP-10, RANTES, or iNOS was significantly higher in children with mild [IP-10 (20.52 ± 6.09) × 10(-2) vs.(1.18 ± 0.34) × 10(-2), t = 18.74, P < 0.05], and relatively lower in severe cases. (4) The apoptosis of CD3(+), CD4(+), CD8(+) and NK cells significantly increased in the patients with influenza A infection than those in NC group [CD3(+)(32.90 ± 7.66)% vs. (20.21 ± 6.58)%, t = 6.21, P < 0.05]. Compared with healthy controls, the expression levels of apoptosis-related gene like TRAIL and CASPASE-3 significantly increased in the patients with influenza A infection. (5) The expression levels of negative regulator of SOCS1, SOCS3, IRAK-M, TRAF4 and FLN29 were significantly increased in the patients with influenza A, especially in severe cases than those in NC group (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONImmune function changed with the severity of the disease. The mild cases presented systemic immune activation status, while critically ill cases presented mixed immune activation and immunosuppression status.

Case-Control Studies ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Immune System ; Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype ; Influenza, Human ; immunology ; virology ; Male