Objective KG1This study is to evaluate defectography in postoperative defecation function of Hirschsprung′s disease (HD). KG2MethodsKG1 Between 1979 and 1993, 30 HD cases were treated operatively and followed-up by defectography. KG2ResultsKG1 Thirty cases were classified into 3 groups, according to the standard quantitative clinical scoring systems with the stooling score from 0 to 14. There were 4 cases (13%) graded as excellent (maximum score of 14) with normal bowel habit, 21 cases (70%) as good (score between 10～13) with minor continence problems, 5 cases (16 7%) as fair (score between 5～9) with marked limitations in social life. Anorectal manometry study showed that the anal resting pressure and voluntary sphincter force (maximal queeze pressure minus resting pressure) in fair group were significantly lower than that in control group( P

Objective: To investigate the long-term effect of submandibular salivary gland transfer on xerostomia induced by radiation in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Methods: A total of 70 eligible patients with NPC were divided into the test group (36 cases) and the control group (34 cases). In the test group, the submandibular salivary glands were transferred to the submental space before conventional radiotherapy (XRT) and shielded during XRT. Submandibular gland function and salivary fluid before and after radiotherapy, questionnaire of xerostomia at 60 months after XRT, and 5-year survival rate were compared between the two groups. Results: At 5 years after XRT, the trapping and excretion function of submandibular glands were significantly better in the test group (P=0.000 and P=0.000, respectively). The mean weight of saliva after XRT was greater in the test group than in the control group (1.65gvs.0.73g, P=0.000). Incidence of moderate to severe degree of xerostomia was significantly lower in the test group than in the control group (12.9%vs.78.6%, P=0.000). No significant difference was found in 5 year survival rate between the two groups (86.1%vs.82.4%, P＞0.05). Conclusion: Submandibular gland transfer procedure is safe for NPC patients. It can prevent XRT induced xerostomia and improve the quality of life of NPC patients.

Background: The increasing incidence of radiation?induced osteosarcoma of the maxilla and mandible (RIOSM) has become a signiifcant problem that can limit long?term survival. The purpose of this study was to analyze the associa?tion of clinicopathologic characteristics with treatment outcomes and prognostic factors of patients who developed RIOSM after undergoing radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Methods: We reviewed the medical records of 53,760 NPC patients admitted to Sun Yat?sen University Cancer Center during the period August 1964 to August 2012. Of these patients, 47 who developed RISOM and met inclusion criteria were included in this study. Two of these 47 patients refused treatment and were then excluded. Results: For all patients treated for NPC at Sun Yat?sen University Cancer Center during the study period, the total incidence of RIOSM after radiotherapy was 0.084% (47/53,760). Two patients (4.4%) had metastases at the diagnosis of RIOSM. Thirty?nine of the 45 (86.7%) patients underwent surgery for RIOSM; most patients (24/39; 61.5%) who under?went resection had gross clear margins, with 15 patients (38.5%) having either a gross or microscopic positive margin. All patients died. The 1?, 2?, and 3?year overall survival (OS) rates for the entire cohort of 45 patients were 53.3%, 35.6% and 13.5%, respectively. The independent prognostic factors associated with high OS rate were tumor size and treat?ment type. Conclusions: RISOM after radiotherapy for NPC is aggressive and often eludes early detection and timely inter?vention. Surgery combined with postoperative chemotherapy might be an effective treatment to improve patient survival.

OBJECTIVE To es tablish the fingerprints of pith-nodecayed and pith-decayed Scutellaria baicalensis ，and to investigate the difference of their anti-inflammatory activities. METHODS HPLC method was adopted to establish the fingerprints of 5 batches of pith-nodecayed S. baicalensis and 5 batches of pith-decayed S. baicalensis . SIMCA 14.1 software was adopted to screen the markers of weight difference between pith-decayed S. baicalensis and pith-nodecayed S. baicalensis ，using variable importance in projection （VIP）＞1 as standard. Using the inhibitory rates of NO ，IL-6 and IL- 1β in supernatant of lipopo- lysaccharide（LPS）-induced monocyte macrophages （RAW264.7 cells）as indexes ，the anti-inflammatory activities of pith-decayed and pith-nodecayed S. baicalensis were evaluated and median effective concentration （EC50）of NO were calculated. The gray correlation method was used for spectrum-effect relationship analysis ；SPSS 26.0 software was used for cluster analysis using the inhibitory rates of NO ，IL-6 and IL- 1β in cells at the concentration of 50 μg/mL. RESULTS There were 15 common peaks in 5 batches of pith-nodecayed S. baicalensis and 5 batches of pith-decayed S. baicalensis ，and the similarity of them was greater than 0.990. There were total of 8 peaks with VIP 1.0，they were peak 14，12，15，6，10，13，11 and 4. At jcqinge@163.com the concentration of 50 μg/mL，the inhibitory rates of pith- decayed S. baicalensis extract to NO ，IL-6，IL-1 β and the average EC 50 were 62.14％-71.13％，3.32％ -18.38％ and 93.12％-95.47％ and 25.35 μg/mL，respectively；those of pith-nodecayed S. baicalensis extract were 39.52％-50.19％， 6.21％-22.55％，94.10％-96.44％ and 58.63 μg/mL，respectively. Average NO inhibition rate of pith-decayed S. baicalensis extract was significantly higher than that of pith- nodecayed S. baicalensis extract；average EC 50 and average IL- 6 inhibitory rate of pith-decayed S. baicalensis extract were significantly lower than those of pith-nodecayed S. baicalensis extract（P＜0.05）. There was no statistical significance in average inhibitory rate of IL- 1β（P＞0.05）. The correlation degrees of peaks 2-3，5-8 and 10-11 with inhibitory rate of NO were all greater than 0.8. The correlation degrees of peaks 2，5，8-9 with inhibitory rate of IL- 1β were all greater than 0.9. The correlation degrees of 15 common peaks with inhibitory rate of IL- 6 were all less than 0.8. Ten batches of samples could be grouped into two categories ，K1-K5 were clustered into one category and T 12-T16 were clustered into one category. CONCLUSIONS At the concentration of 50 µg/mL，the inhibitory effect of pith-decayed S. baicalensis extract to NO is stronger than that of pith-nodecayed S. baicalensis extract，while the inhibitory effect on IL- 6 is weaker than that of pith-nodecayed S. baicalensis extract；they have similar inhibitory effect on IL- 1β. The corresponding components of peak 6，10-11 are preliminarily identified as main chemical components of the difference in anti-inflammatory activity between pith-decayed S. baicalensis and pith-nodecayed S. baicalensis .

Objective     To analyze the perioperative outcomes of uniportal thoracoscopic lobectomy compared with three-port thoracoscopic lobectomy. Methods     Data were extracted from the Western China Lung Cancer Database, a prospectively maintained database at the Department of Thoracic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University. Perioperative outcomes of the patients who underwent uniportal or three-port thoracoscopic lobectomy for lung cancer during January 2014 through April 2021 were analyzed by using propensity score matching. Altogether 5 817 lung cancer patients were enrolled who underwent thoracoscopic lobectomy (uniportal: 530 patients; three-port: 5 287 patients). After matching, 529 patients of uniportal and 1 583 patients of three-port were included. There were 529 patients with 320 males and 209 females at median age of 58 (51, 65) years in the uniportal group and 1 583 patients with 915 males and 668 females at median age of 58 (51, 65) years in the three-port group. Results     Uniportal thoracoscopic lobectomy was associated with less intraoperative blood loss (20 mL vs. 30 mL, P<0.001), longer operative time (115 min vs. 105 min, P<0.001) than three-port thoracoscopic lobectomy. No significant difference was found between the two groups regarding the number of lymph node dissected, rate of conversion to thoracotomy, incidence of postoperative complication, postoperative pain score within 3 postoperative days, length of hospital stay, or hospitalization expenses. Conclusion     Uniportal video-assisted thoracoscopic lobectomy is safe and effective, and the overall perioperative outcomes are comparable between uniportal and three-port strategies, although the two groups show differences in intraoperative blood loss.