Objective The anterior-lateral defect of foot that lost one of the three supporting point of foot can lead to collapse of the lateral longitudinal arch, overload of the first metatarsal heads, and painful callus formation. It is meaningful to investigate the effect of reconstructing the lateral forefoot defect with pedical fibular osteoseptocutaneous flap. Methods From March 1989 to June 2008, there were 38 patients with anterior-lateral defect of foot were constructed. The supporting point with the local distal based pedical fibular osteoseptocutaneous flap was constracted. Results All the 38 flaps survived. All 38 patients had been followed up from 6 months to 10 years (mean 23.5 months) postoperatively. The constructed supporting point of the foot was functional. The patients could walk freely with no pain, and was satisfied with the operation. Assessed with the rating system for foot and ankle established by the American Orthopaedic Foot And Anke Society, 8 patients got a score above 85, 23 patients between 75 to 85, 7 patients between 60 to 75. Conclusion It is effective that transferring local distal based pedical fibular osteoseptocutaneous flap to repair the anterior-lateral defect of foot.

Dental Implantation, Endosseous ; Dental Implants ; Humans ; Maxilla ; Tissue Engineering

Objective : To investigate the effect of high concentration of Caerulomycin A (Cae A) on HK2 in renal tubular epithelial cells and to explore the role of cytoplasmic nucleotide⁃binding oligomerization domain⁃like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) in this process. Methods : The effect of different concentrations of Cae A on the viability of HK2 cells was determined by MTT; the expression of kidney injury molecule (KIM⁃1) and NLRP3 was detected by real⁃time quantitative PCR , Western blot and immunofluorescence , while the effect of Cae A on the mRNA expression of IL⁃1β , IL⁃18 , IL⁃33 , MCP⁃1 , TNF⁃α was also measured by real⁃time quantitative PCR. HK2 cells were divided into control group , high concentration of Cae A group and high concentration of Cae A plus NLRP3 inhibitor CY⁃09 group , and the expression of KIM⁃1 and NLRP3 protein was detected by Western blot. Results : The results of MTT showed that high concentration of Cae A could inhibit HK2 cell viability. Real⁃time quantitative PCR , Western blot and immunofluorescence assays showed that high concentration of Cae A upregulated the expression of KIM⁃1 and NLRP3 , as well as the mRNA levels of IL⁃1β , IL⁃18 , IL⁃33 , MCP⁃1 , TNF⁃α , while CY⁃09 could down⁃regulate the expression of NLRP3 and KIM⁃1. Conclusion High concentration of Cae A significantly inhibited the viability of HK2 cells and induced damage and inflammatory response to HK2 with some nephrotoxicity that might be achieved via NLRP3 pathway.