Objective To study the effect of neural stem cell transplantation on neurological behavior and expressions of Caspase-3 and Caspase-9 in rats with traumatic brain injury (TBI). Methods A total of 108 SD rats were randomly divided into the sham group (n=36), traumatic brain injury group (TBI, n=36) and neural stem cell transplantation group (NSC, n=36). TBI model of rats was established by using improved Feeney method. Rats of NSC group were injected neural stem cells in cortex after traumatic brain injury was established for 1 week, and then nurological severity scores (NSS) of rats were evaluated at 7 days, 14 days and 21 days after cell transplantation in TBI and NSC groups, respectively. Rats of sham group were only cut the scalp and exposed the skull without striking. The expressions of Caspase-3 and Caspase-9 in brain tissues were detected by immunohistochemistry and Western blot method. Results Compared with NSC group at the same time points, NSS was decreased significantly in TBI group (P<0.01). Compared with the sham group, the optical density (OD) values of Caspase-3 and Caspase-9 positive expressions were increased significantly in TBI group (P<0.05). Compared with TBI group at the same time points, the OD values of Caspase-3 and Caspase-9 positive expressions were decreased significantly in NSC group (P<0.05). Conclusion The neural stem cell transplantation can promote the recovery of brain injury by down-regulating the expressions of Caspase-3 and Caspase-9.

Objective: To explore the clinical application value of mixed reality technology in locating perforator vessels and assisting perforator vessel dissection to harvest anterolateral thigh flaps. Methods: Six patients who needed anterolateral thigh flap repair after resection of oral and maxillofacial tumors were recruited from the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery of Nanchong Central Hospital from January 2020 to January 2021. Before surgery, the CT angiography data of the lower limbs of the patients carrying the calibration points were imported into the data workstation to perform 3D reconstruction of the perforator vessels and surrounding tissues of the thigh, and the reconstruction results were imported into Microsoft HoloLens 2 glasses. During the operation, calibration was performed at the calibration point of the operative area so that the preoperative reconstruction results were superimposed on the operative area through Microsoft HoloLens 2 glasses. The clinical application value of mixed reality technology assisted perforator vessel location and anatomy of anterolateral femoral perforator flap was discussed from six aspects: whether the perforator vessel was reconstructed preoperatively, intraoperative calibration time, whether the actual position of the perforating vessels passing through the fascia lata fulcrum deviated from the preoperative reconstruction result within 1 cm, time required to harvest the flap, and whether the actual route of the perforator vessel was consistent with the reconstruction result, and whether the postoperative flap survived. Results : The position and course of perforating vessels were successfully reconstructed in 6 cases before the operation. The actual course of perforating vessels during the operation was consistent with the reconstruction results. The deviation between the actual position of the perforating points and the preoperative reconstruction results was within 1 cm, which met the requirements of the actual asisting of the anterolateral thigh flap. The average time of flap harvest was (70.50 ± 7.20) min. The average calibration time was (13.33 ± 5.50) min. All flaps survived. Conclusions Mixed reality technology projects the reconstruction results of anterolateral femoral perforator vessels directly into the operative area, which provides a new method for asisting localization and anatomy of anterolateral femoral flap perforator vessels and reduces the possibility of injury to perforator vessels.