1.Differences of growth and seed of Isatis indigotica sown in various sowing times
Qing YE ; Zongsuo LIANG ; Juane DONG
Chinese Traditional and Herbal Drugs 1994;0(07):-
Objective To study the growth differences of Isatis indigotica sown in spring and autmn,reproductive identity and seedy condition of I.indigotica sown in various times,so as to provide the theoretical foundation for scientific standardization of cultivating process.Methods I.indigotica was sampled at a fixed period.At each stage,the growth of seedling and root system was recorded,blooming and seedy condition was recorded in efflorescence.Results The results showed that I.indigotica turned into genesial cycle after thermostage and the change of plant height and crown of I.indigotica were evidence.There was obvious differences between I.indigotica sown in different times.I.indigotica sown in spring grew better than that sown in autumn before efflorescence,but it grew worse than I.indigotica sown in autumn after seeding.Conclusion The weight of thousand seeds,average yield of single plant,and acre yield are different between the two ways for reserving seeds,but the difference of germination rate of seed is indistinctive,it will not influence the yield next year.The seed quality of I.indigotica sown in spring is better than that sown in autumn,but it must pay regard to the plant falling problem.The two ways are both feasible in the south of China while sown in spring is more suitable in the north of China.
2.Role of NO signal in ABA-induced phenolic acids accumulation in Salvia miltiorrhiza hairy roots.
Lihong SHEN ; Jiahui REN ; Wenfang JIN ; Ruijie WANG ; Chunhong NI ; Mengjiao TONG ; Zongsuo LIANG ; Dongfeng YANG
Chinese Journal of Biotechnology 2016;32(2):222-230
To investigate roles of nitric oxide (NO) signal in accumulations of phenolic acids in abscisic.acid (ABA)-induced Salvia miltiorrhiza hairy roots, S. miltiorrhiza hairy roots were treated with different concentrations of sodium nitroprusside (SNP)-an exogenous NO donor, for 6 days, and contents of phenolic acids in the hairy roots are determined. Then with treatment of ABA and NO scavenger (2-(4-carboxy-2-phenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-1- oxyl-3-oxide, c-PTIO) or NO synthase inhibitor (NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester, L-NAME), contents of phenolic acids and expression levels of three key genes involved in phenolic acids biosynthesis were detected. Phenolic acids production in S. miltiorrhiza hairy roots was most significantly improved by 100 µmoL/L SNP. Contents of RA and salvianolic acid B increased by 3 and 4 folds. ABA significantly improved transcript levels of PAL (phenylalanine ammonia lyase), TAT (tyrosine aminotransferase) and RAS (rosmarinic acid synthase), and increased phenolic acids accumulations. However, with treatments of ABA+c-PTIO or ABA+L-NAME, accumulations of phenolic acids and expression levels of the three key genes were significantly inhibited. Both NO and ABA can increase accumulations of phenolic acids in S. miltiorrhiza hairy roots. NO signal probably mediates the ABA-induced phenolic acids production.
Abscisic Acid
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pharmacology
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Benzofurans
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metabolism
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Free Radical Scavengers
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pharmacology
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Hydroxybenzoates
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metabolism
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Nitric Oxide
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metabolism
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Phenylalanine Ammonia-Lyase
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metabolism
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Plant Roots
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metabolism
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Salvia miltiorrhiza
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metabolism
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Tyrosine Transaminase
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metabolism
3.Effects of different light quality on growth, active ingredients and enzymes activitiesof Salvia miltiorrhiza.
Zongsuo LIANG ; Qian LI ; Wenhui XU
China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica 2012;37(14):2055-2060
OBJECTIVEThis study aimed to investigate the effects of different light quality on the growth, accumulation of active ingredients and enzymes activities of Salvia miltiorrhiza.
METHODThe seedlings of S. miltiorrhiza were treated by different light quality, and relative parameters were measured. The data was statistically processed.
RESULTPlant height was significantly decreased with supplemental blue light (WB), and the root length, root diameter, root fresh weight and root dry weight were significantly increased with supplemental red light (WR). Salvianolic acid B concentration in S. miltiorrhiza was highly increased by supplemental blue and red light, but tanshinone IIA concentration was not significantly affected by supplemental blue and red light. Enzymes activities of SOD, POD, PAL, TAT and PPO in S. miltiorrhiza were significant increased by supplemental blue light, and enzymes activities of POD, TAT and PPO were significant increased by supplemental red light.
CONCLUSIONThe root growth of S. miltiorrhiza was greatly promoted by supplemental red light (WR). Salvianolic acid B concentration in S. miltiorrhiza was highly increased by supplemental blue and red light. Enzymes activities of TAT and PPO in S. miltiorrhiza were significant increased by supplemental blue light and red light.
Benzofurans ; analysis ; Light ; Salvia miltiorrhiza ; chemistry ; enzymology ; growth & development
4.End point determination by HPLC chromatographic fingerprint in processing prepared Rehmannia.
Jianjun CAO ; Zongsuo LIANG ; Dongfeng YANG ; Yonghong LIU ; Qimei DUAN
China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica 2010;35(19):2556-2560
To establish HPLC chromatographic fingerprints to control the quality of Chinese herbal medicine. In this study, fingerprints were established based on HPLC-DAD chromatographs. And with these fingerprints, content variations of three important active components catalpol, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural and acteoside in Rehmannia rhizome were analyzed during processing, as well as changes of the fingerprints. Fingerprints comparing with the standard prepared Rehmannia fingerprints which came from the mean of prepared ones randomly chosen for standard was done to seek optimal processing time. The results indicated that catalpol decreased quickly as braising prolonged and almost vanished in the end. While the active component of 5-HMF increased linearly throughout the process of braising. And the content of acteoside did not show obvious change. Similarity to standard prepared Rehmannia reached summit after braising for 26 hours. So 26 hours could be considered to be the optimum time for braising prepared Rehmannia. Chromatographic fingerprint is convenient for revealing changes of constituents and for accurately controlling quality during processing prepared Rahmannia.
Chromatography
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Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
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methods
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Dermatoglyphics
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Drugs, Chinese Herbal
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Furaldehyde
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analogs & derivatives
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chemistry
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Glucosides
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chemistry
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Iridoids
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chemistry
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Phenols
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chemistry
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Phytotherapy
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Plant Preparations
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Plant Structures
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Rehmannia
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chemistry
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Rhizome
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chemistry
5.Effects of elicitors on accumulation of phenolic acids and tanshinones in Salvia miltiorrhiza hairy root.
Shuncang ZHANG ; Yan LIU ; Shuang SHEN ; Zongsuo LIANG ; Dongfeng YANG
China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica 2011;36(10):1269-1274
OBJECTIVETo observe the effects of a biotic elicitor fungal hyphae extract, an abiotic elicitor methyl jasmonate and their synergistic action on the accumulation of phenolic acids and tanshinones in Salvia miltiorrhiza hairy root.
METHODDifferent elicitors were added to S. miltiorrhiza hairy root, which was subcultured for 21 days, the dry weight and contents of phenolic acids and tanshinones were determined at different harvest-time.
RESULTS. miltiorrhiza hairy root growth was significantly inhibited by all three treatments and the accumulation of cryptotanshinone and dihydrotanshinone were promoted by each elicition. As for the accumulation of phenolic acids, there were differences between fungal elicitor and methyl jasmonate treatments, they were promoted by methyl jasmonate while inhibited in a certain extent by fungal hyphae extract.
CONCLUSIONFungal elicitor, methyl jasmonate and their synergistic action have significant influence on accumulation of components in S. miltiorrhiza hairy root, and the effect varies between phenolic acids and tanshinones. There is no correlation between production of water-soluble ingredients and fat-soluble components on the whole under three different treatments.
Acetates ; pharmacology ; Cyclopentanes ; pharmacology ; Diterpenes, Abietane ; metabolism ; Fungal Proteins ; metabolism ; pharmacology ; Hydroxybenzoates ; metabolism ; Membrane Glycoproteins ; metabolism ; pharmacology ; Oxylipins ; pharmacology ; Phytophthora ; chemistry ; metabolism ; Plant Extracts ; metabolism ; Plant Roots ; drug effects ; growth & development ; metabolism ; microbiology ; Salvia miltiorrhiza ; drug effects ; growth & development ; metabolism ; microbiology
6.Isolation and identification of endophytes from Pinellia.
Jianling LIU ; Baobao CHEN ; Yonghong LIU ; Jiangbin ZHENG ; Zongsuo LIANG
China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica 2009;34(18):2305-2307
OBJECTIVETo investigate the varieties of entophytes in different parts of Pinellia ternata.
METHODThe solidified plates were applied for the isolation of the endophytes, and three methods were used for the identification of endophytic fungi.
RESULTEighty four strains of the entophytes were isolated from the P. ternata collected from 3 habitations. Endophytic fungi were morphologically identified belonging to 15 genera, 4 families.
CONCLUSIONIt indicated that the entophytes in P. ternata were diversity and rich, and there were some differences at quantity and species in different organs of P. ternata.
Biodiversity ; Fungi ; classification ; isolation & purification ; physiology ; Phylogeny ; Pinellia ; microbiology ; physiology ; Symbiosis
7.Effects of ABA and its biosynthetic inhibitor fluridone on accumulation of penolic acids and activity of PAL and TAT in hairy root of Salvia miltiorrhiza.
Beimi CUI ; Zongsuo LIANG ; Yan LIU ; Fenghua LIU ; Jianguo ZHU
China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica 2012;37(6):754-759
OBJECTIVETo study the function of ABA and fluridone on the contents of penolic acids and two key synthetases (PAL and TAT).
METHODConducted 4 different concentrations in the hairy root of Salvia miltiorrhiza after culturing 18 days and treated with fluridone. One day later, harvested the hairy root and measured the activity of PAL and TAT; Treatment for 6 days, gathered and determined the contents of phenolic acids.
RESULTIn certain concentration of ABA, lower ABA could induced the production of growth and higher ABA inhibitor the growth in hairy roots of S. miltiorrhiza; ABA induced the accumulation of caffeic acid considerably, and the effect on the contents of coffee acid show positive correlation; As for the RA and LAB, the low dosage of ABA simulated the production and higher ABA inhibited the production of them; the ABA biosynthetic inhibitor fluridone can decreases ABA's the effect; The different of ABA activated the activity of PAL and TAT, but the impact were discriminating, when treatment with ABA and fluridone, the inducing were declined.
CONCLUSIONABA induced the accumulation of.
Abscisic Acid ; antagonists & inhibitors ; metabolism ; pharmacology ; Antioxidants ; analysis ; metabolism ; Biomass ; Caffeic Acids ; analysis ; metabolism ; Herbicides ; pharmacology ; Hydroxybenzoates ; analysis ; metabolism ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Phenylalanine Ammonia-Lyase ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Plant Roots ; drug effects ; enzymology ; growth & development ; Pyridones ; pharmacology ; Salvia miltiorrhiza ; drug effects ; enzymology ; growth & development ; Time Factors ; Tyrosine Transaminase ; drug effects ; metabolism
8. Variation of photosynthesis, secondary metabolites and antioxidant activities in third generation of spaceflight-induced Salvia miltiorrhiza
Liang PENG ; Zongsuo LIANG ; Liang PENG ; Zongsuo LIANG ; Mei RU
Chinese Herbal Medicines 2022;14(4):592-601
Objective: Spaceflight has long been perceived as an effective way to improve the quantity and quality of plants with wide applications. In order to obtain stable and inheritable descendants of spaceflight-induced Salvia miltiorrhiza lines, we investigated and analyzed four lines m16, m50, m51, m57 (three individuals of each line) and the ground control (three individuals) of the third generation of spaceflight-induced S. miltiorrhiza from primary/secondary metabolism and antioxidative abilities. Methods: A portable photosynthesis system (Li-6400) with red/blue LED light source was used to perform the photosynthetic characteristics to evaluate their primary productivity. The secondary metabolites (phenolic acids, tanshinones, total phenolics and flavonoids) and antioxidant activity of roots were analyzed to assess their quality. Results: Compared with control, line m16 presented weak photosynthetic ability, but high apparent quantum yield (AQY), higher contents of secondary metabolites, and stronger antioxidative abilities. Line m57 had a strong gas exchange ability, relatively higher secondary metabolites contents, and ascending antioxidative abilities. Lines m50 and m51 were in the middle level of lines m16 and m57. The principal component analysis for all the original data revealed three components including a root-related index, a leaf-related index, and a CO
9.Advances of miRNA-mediated regulatory roles in plant-microbe interaction.
Xiaoman LÜ ; Wenyi ZHANG ; Haihua ZHANG ; Zongsuo LIANG ; Haimin CHEN
Chinese Journal of Biotechnology 2022;38(5):1695-1705
There are many bidirectional communication and crosstalk between microbes and host plants. The plant-pathogen interaction directly affects the survival of host plants, while the interaction between plants and their probiotics benefits both. Plant miRNA responds quickly to pathogenic or beneficial microbes when they enter the plant tissues, while microbes also produce miRNA-like RNA (milRNA) to affect plant health. These means miRNA or milRNA is an important fast-responding molecular mediator in plant-microbe interactions, and these internal mechanisms have been better understood in recent years. This review summarized the regulatory roles of miRNA in plant-pathogens and plant-probiotics interaction. The regulatory role of miRNA in disease resistance of host plants during plant-pathogens interaction, and the regulatory role of miRNA in promoting host growth and development during plant-probiotics interaction, as well as the cross-kingdom regulatory role of milRNA in host plants, were discussed in-depth.
Disease Resistance
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MicroRNAs/genetics*
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Microbial Interactions
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Plants/genetics*
10.Advances in chloroplast expression of recombinant proteins in higher plants.
Youhong LIN ; Xiaying CHENG ; Dongfeng YANG ; Zongsuo LIANG ; Zongqi YANG
Chinese Journal of Biotechnology 2018;34(5):631-643
In recent years, gene engineering is developing rapidly and many recombinant proteins have been expressed. The use of plant bioreactor to express specific pharmaceutical proteins provides a new way for the prevention and treatment of some important diseases in human beings. Nowadays, chloroplast genetic transformation and expression system has become a research hotspot in plant bioreactor. Higher plant chloroplasts have unique advantages in the expression of recombinant proteins due to their special structures and inherited characteristics: such as high expression, site-specific integration, and the maternal inheritance characteristics of exogenous genes. The maternal inheritance of chloroplast is helpful for biological safety of transgene escaping by pollens. Many important pharmaceutical proteins have been successfully expressed in plant chloroplasts. As a chloroplast transformation model of higher plants, tobacco has made significant progress in the expression of pharmaceutical proteins, such as vaccine antigens, antibodies, and other important recombinant proteins. Chloroplast genetic transformation in higher plants also provides new techniques and methods for the study of chloroplast gene expression and regulation mechanisms. In order to provide a new idea for the development of chloroplast expression platform and the expression of important pharmaceutical proteins, this review outlined the progress of chloroplast genetic transformation system in higher plants, including the chloroplast transformation principle, vector construction, expression of recombinant proteins and important pharmaceutical proteins, and the effects of recombinant proteins expression on plant metabolism and traits.