Although the efficacy of complexon Ⅲ (EDTA), complexon Ⅳ (CDTA) and HMP-Na (hexametaphosphate) as complex compounds of metallic elements of cholelith has been reported in many papers, it is still a question on deciding which is the best one. This article describes an experimental study of comparing the influence of 2% EDTA. 2% CDTA, 5%HMP—Na and deionic water on Ca, Mg, Cu, Fe, Mn and Zn of 30 cholelith samples. These elements were measured with atomic absorption spectroscopy. The results were compared to the group which was not treated. Our results demonstrate that 5% HMP-Na is the best complex compound for metallic elements of a pigment stone. This study provides an experimental basis for using an ideal complex compound in clinic to dissolve bile pigmental stones.

Extracranial carotid athcrosclcrosis is the major cause of ischcmic stroke.The intumescence of carotid atherosclerotic plaque in meries results in lumen stenosis or detachment of plaque organisms.causing the distal vascular embolization,and thus resulting in a reduced cerebral blood supply and cerebral ischemic event.The volume data acquisition of multislice spiral CT angiography can provide high-quality two-dimensional and three-dimensional images,its imaging technique has become a very effective detection tool for carotid atherosclerosis.This article reviews the diagnosis application of multislice spiral CT angiograohy of carotid atherosclerosis and its pitfalls.

Cholecystolithiasis combined with choledocholithiasis is a common disease.The typical open surgery is challenged by the minimally invasive surgery recently.The minimally invasive surgery combined with laparoscopy and choledochoscopy or duodenoscopy has been accepted widely through analyzing and summarizing comprehensively the current situation of the minimally invasive surgery for cholecystolithiasis combined with choledocholithiasis.Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) +endoscopic sphincterotomy (EST) or endoscopic papillary balloon dilation (EPBD) should be chosen primarily for the patients with cholecystolithiasis combined with choledocholithiasis and without common bile duct dilatation (common bile duct diameter ＜0.8 cm),and LC + laparoscopic transcystic common bile duct exploration and lithotomy are used under favorable conditions.LC + choledocholithotomy or T tube drainage should be chosen primarily for the patients with cholecystolithiasis combined with choledocholithiasis and common bile duct dilatation (common bile duct diameter ＞ 0.8 cm).Primary suture of common bile duct should be used with removal of the common bile duct stones,patency of distal common bile duct and recovery function of sphincter of Oddi.The minimally invasive surgery combined with laparoscopy and choledochoscopy or duodenoscopy which is selected reasonably could improve the treatment of cholecystolithiasis combined with choledocholithiasis and reduce the complications,with a significant clinical efficacy.

Objective To investigate the effects of Reduqing Oral Liquid (RDQ) on endotoxic fever and plasma nitric oxide (NO) levels of rabbits. Methods Sixty rabbits were randomly divided into 6 group:Acetylsalicy Acid (APC) group, RDQ high dosage group, RDQ low dosage group, RDQ middle dosage group, Shuanghuanglian (SHL) group, model group, ten rabbits of each group. Body temperature and plasma NO of each group were observed. Results In RDQ high dosage group and middle dosage group, plasma NO and fever were reduced significantly (P

Objective: To evaluate the application value and potential faults of Dual-source CT in carotid arterial angiography.Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the images of 477 patients with symptomatic carotid atherosclerosis detected by dual-source CT angiography(CTA) from February 2007 to January 2008,and evaluated the quality of the images,which were classified into 3 quality grades: excellent(with clear display of the lesion and no noticeable motion artifacts,good(with a few motion artifacts but still diagnostically applicable),and poor(with heavy motion artifacts,unclear display and no diagnostic value).Results: Of the 477 images,420(88.1%) were of excellent quality,44(9.2%) of good quality and 13(2.7%) of poor quality.Among the total number of cases,134(28.1%) were shown to be normal and 34(7.1%) abnormal in anatomic structure.Atheromatous plaques were detected in 295 cases(61.8%),carotid artery stenting in 11(2.3%),internal carotid artery occlusion in 1,common carotid artery occlusion in 1,and cervical tumor in 3.Conclusion: Dual-source CT,faster,effective and minimally invasive,is particularly valuable in the diagnosis of carotid arterial lesion and stenosis.

Objective To discuss the application of DWI and DTI in diagnosis and evaluation of brain tumor. Methods Combining with literatures, the application of DWI and DTI in brain tumor diagnosis, differential diagnosis, tumors classi- fication, preoperative evaluation, operation plan establishment, follow-up role of treatment were reviewed and evaluated. Results The DWI and DTI were available to brain tumor diagnosis, differential diagnosis and tumor grade. The DTI could be clearly shown the influence of tumor with white matter quality, it was important in operation plan establishment. The combination of intra-operative MRI, functional MRI and DTI was valuable for brain tumor resection. In the meantime, the treatment response of tumor and the changes of treatment-induced white matter were accurately assessed by DTI. Conclu- sion With the MRI hardware and software technology development, the DWI and DTI imaging information can be provided important value in brain tumor pathological changes diagnosis, evaluation, therapeutic planning and post treatment assess- ment.

Objective To investigate the protective effects of calcium channel blockade and oxygen free radical catalase on ESWL-induced kidney damage. Methods 120 female uninephrectomized rat models were randomizedly divided into six groups.After verapamil and(or) SOD injection,the kidneys were shocked 1 000 times at 14kV by ESW.Then ET level in kidney tissue,levels of NAG,MDA,ET in urine,variation of creatinine clearance (Ccr) and the kidney histopathological changes were evaluated. Results The variation of NAG and MDA level in urine and the Ccr in the therapeutic groups were significantly lower and the histopathological changes were also much slight than those in the control group. There was no significant difference of the biochemical and pathological changes when the dose of SOD increased from 20 thousand units to 40 thousand units per kg body weight. If verapamil was used, the levels of ET in kidney tissue and in urine both decreased.Combined use of SOD and verapamil can induce better protective effects. Conclusions Calcium channel blokade could decrease not only the degree of lipid overoxidation, but also the level of ET-relieve,so it can induce a marked protective effect on ESW-induced kidney damage and the effect could be much enhanced if combined with SOD.

Objective To study the immunosuppression of Demethylzeylasteral (T-96) on the lymphocytic blastogenesis in vitro and compare the inhibitory effects on the rejection in renal transplant rats between T-96 with Glucosidorum Tripterygll Totorum (TII) in vivo. Methods Mixed lymphocyte cells were cultured through xenogenous antigen to stimulate C57BL/6 mouse spleen cell blast transformation, then different concentrations of T-96 or TII were added respectively. By 3H-TdR methods, the inhibitory effects of T-96 and TII on the blast transformation of spleen cells were measured. Different doses of T-96 or TII were given for different groups of renal transplant rats to evaluate the effects on survival time of renal transplant rats.Methods At the concentrations of 0.25 , 0.5 , 1.0 ??g/ml T-96, there was a significant inhibitory effect on the blast transformation of mouse spleen cells as compared with control group ( P

The effects of hepatic ischemia/reperfusion (1/R) injuries on hepatocellular viability and store-operated calcium current (Isoc) in isolated rat hepatocytes and the effects of 2-APB on store-operated calcium current (Isoc) in isolated rat hepatocytes after hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injuries were studied. Hepatic ischemia and reperfusion injury model was established and whole cell patch-clamp techniques were used to investigate the effects of 2-APB on Isoc. The results showed that ischemia/reperfusion injuries could significantly reduce hepatocellular viability and further increase Isoc in hepatocytes and 2-APB (20, 40, 60, 80, 100 micromol/L,) produced a concentration-dependent decrease of Isoc with IC50 value of 64. 63 +/- 10.56 micromol/L, (n = 8). It was concluded that ischemia/reperfusion injuries could reduce hepatocellular viability, probably through increased Isoc in hepatocytes and 2-APB had a protective effect on ischemia/reperfusion-induced liver injury, probably though inhibiting Isoc.
Boron Compounds/*pharmacology ; Calcium Channel Blockers/*pharmacology ; Calcium Channels/drug effects ; Cell Separation ; Hepatocytes/metabolism ; Liver/*blood supply ; Liver/metabolism ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Reperfusion Injury/*metabolism

Objective To assess the value of selective renal arterial embolization in treating mononephrous renal angiomyolipoma. Methods 1 6 patients with mononephrous renal angiomyolipoma were retrospectively analyzed.To observe and analyze the changes in renal function,lesions reduction and its complications.Results Symptoms have been improved significantly after treatment,no se-rious complications were observed during operation and postoperation.The creatinine level in postoperation was lower than the pre-operative level,followed-up after 1year.Conclusion Selective renal artery embolization is a safe and effective method for the treat-ment of mononephrous renal angiomyolipoma.