BACKGROUND:Mechanotransduction is an issue of concern in the study on the relationship between stress and growth. Mechano-growth factor (MGF) holds stress sensitivity, and exerts similar effect with stress in bone metabolism regulation. OBJECTIVE: To explore the mechanotransduction during bone remodeling, and investigate the relationship between stress and growth at molecular level. METHODS: The governing equations about the relationship between MGF and mechanical stimulation, regulation of MGF on osteoblasts and osteoclasts, regulation of MGF on RANK-RANKL-OPG signaling axis were established, and then the MGF-mediated bone reconstruction model was established to simulate the bone remodeling process under mechanical stimulation. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Under the condition of disuse, there was a decrease in osteoblasts/osteoclasts ratio, bone mass and bone volume fraction, and bone resorption was more than bone formation. Under the condition of overload, there was an increase in osteoblasts/osteoclasts ratio, bone mass and bone volume fraction, and bone formation was more than bone resorption. The simulation results were in accordance with Frost mechanostat theory. These findings show that the mechanobiological model of bone remodeling based on MGF can simulate the bone remodeling process under mechanical stimuli, and achieve mechanotransduction.

AIM:To study the relationship between apoptosis, proliferation and expression,mutation of related genes in breast cancer. METHODS: Methods of TUNEL, immunohistochemical S-P and PCR-SSCP were used respectively to study apoptotic index (AI), mitotic index(MI), expression of Bcl-2,p53,c-erbB-2,PCNA,Ki67,TopoⅡ and mutation of p53 in 54 cases of breast cancer. RESULTS: AI and MI were 9.40?3 78 and 5 96?2 36, respectively. There was a significant direct correlation between them( r= 0 46 P

Objective To study whether focal mild hypothermia can prolong the therapeutic time window in ischemic stroke, and inquire into the protection mechanisms of focal mild hypothermia on cerebral ischemia. Methods The focal cerebral ischemia and reperfusion model of rats was achieved by intraluminal middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). The adult rats were randomly divided into sham-operation group, normothermia ischemia and reperfusion group and hypothermia ischemia and reperfusion group. The two ischemic groups were respectively further divided into 5 subgroups (subjected ischemia for 2, 3, 6, 8 and 12 h respectively and then all reperfused for 4 h, n=14 per time point). Brain mild hypothermia was achieved 30 minutes after ischemia and maintained to reperfusion period. The neurological deficit scores were assessed. The infarct volumes were evaluated by TTC staining and measured with a computerized image analysis system. TUNEL method was used to observe the neuron apoptosis. The expressions of NF-?Bp65 and NF-?BP65mRNA were detected by immunohistochemistry and hybridation in situ. Results The infarct volumes of hypothermia group were respectively (57.39?37.62) mm~3, (74.09?61.00) mm~3, (81.26?25.46) mm~3, (87.43?54.81) mm~3 and (111.10?43.67) mm~3, which saw significant reductions of 63%, 55%, 56%, 70% and 63% as compared with the normothermia group. In comparison with the normothermia group, focal mild hypothermia also greatly reduced the neurological deficit scores (P

Objective To study the relationships between cell kinetics, apoptosis and expression, mutation of related genes in breast cancer. Methods Flow cytometry, immunohistochemical SP and PCR SSCP were used respectively to study DNA index(DI), S phase fraction(SPF), proliferation index(PI), apoptosis index(AI), expression of c erbB 2, Bcl 2, p53, PCNA, Ki67, TopoⅡ and mutation of p53 in 54 cases of breast cancer. Results High DI, aneuploidy rate, SPF, PI and AI were coincided with high expression of c erbB 2, p53, PCNA, Ki167 and TopoⅡ. Low DI, SPF, PI and AI were coincided with high expression of Bcl 2. High DI, SPF, PI and AI were coincided with high mutation of p53. High AI was related to a type of p53 mutation——loss of heterozygosity(LOH). Conclusion Abnormal cell kinetics and apoptosis were related with abnormal expression, mutation of related genes in breast cancer. [

Objective To investigate the clinical value of double contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (DCUS)in Borrmann classification of advanced gastric carcinoma preoperatively. Methods A total of 69 patients with advanced gastric carcinoma were examined by ultrasound after taking oral contrast agent and bolus injection of SonoVue preoperatively.A comparison with final pathologic results was made after surgery. Results The accuracy of oral contrast-enhanced ultrasonography and DCUS in Borrmann classification of advanced gastric cancer were 78.3%and 91.3%,respectively.There was a significant difference between two methods(X2=4.087,P＜0.05).In addition,Kappa value of two methods were 0.73 and 0.90,respectively.Conclusions DCUS is a new valuable method for Borrmann classification with its high accuracy preoperatively.

Objective To investigate the clinical value of double contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (DCUS)in diagnosing Lauren classification of advanced gastric carcinoma.Methods Fifty-eight patients with gastric cancer proved by endoscopic biopsy underwent preoperative DCUS examination,and the findings were compared with postoperative pathologic results via hematoxylin-eosin and alcian blue-periodic acid schiff(AB-PAS)staining.Results In 58 patients,34 cases were diagnosed as intestinal type and 24 cases as diffuse type by pathology after operation.In intestinal type,30 cases were enhanced as global homogeneous intensity by using DCUS.another 2 cases as"lamellar"model and the other 2 cases as heterogeneous intensity.However,in diffuse type,22 cases were enhanced heterogeneously with"barrier"signs in 5 cases,"map"signs in 9 cases and"lamellar"signs in 8 cases.the remaining 2 cases of diffuse type enhanced as homogeneous model.The sensitivity and specificity of heterogeneous enhancement in diagnosing diffuse type of advanced gastric cancer was 91.7%and 88.2%respectively,and the Youden's index was 0.8.Conclusions DCUS could be considered as a new valuable method to distinguish the Lauren classification and evaluate the invasiveness,metastasis and prognosis in patients with gastric carcinoma.

usions DCUS could initial estimate the pathological typing of advanced gastric caner before operation.

Objective To find the possible pathogenesis of enteric nervous system, gut hormone and gastric Cajal interstitial cell ( ICC ) in gastritis related gastrointestinal ( GI ) motor disorders on the changes of protein gene product 9. 5 in neurons , mucosal expression of C-kit, gastrin and somatostatin from the gastric wall of gastritis rat. Methods 45 rats were divided into 3 groups which included gastritis group A, gastritis group B and control group. Rats in gastritis group A were fed with Hp Sydney Strain 1, the mixture of 2% aspirin and 0. 6N hydrochloric acid was fed in gastritis group B. The control group only received saline. All of the rats were killed and mucosal tissue was obtained from antrum and greater curvature of the gastric body. Pathological and Hp examination were performed in the tissue slides, and then it was stained to check PGP 9. 5, gastric body's mucosal expression of C-kit, antrium's mucosal expression of gastrin and somatostatin. The cell body, the maximum diameter (Dmax, μm), mean area( μm2) and optical density (nm), integral optical density of the gastrin and somatostatin in the C-kit expression positive neurons from the gastric wall were compared among the groups. Result The mean area and optical density of PGP 9. 5 expression in neurons from the gastric wall of rat in group A or B were obviously lower than that of the control group ( P ＜0. 01 ), while there was no difference between gastric group A and B ( P ＞0. 05). Gastric group A had higher GAS expression than control group, while SS expression was lower than control group( P＜0. 05). There was no difference between group B and the control group in the two variances( P ＞0. 05).By linear correlation analysis, it showed that SS was negatively correlated with GAS ( r = - 0. 333, P ＜0. 01 ). The distributive area and diameter of cells with C-kit expression in both group A and B were significantly smaller than that in the control group ( P ＜ 0. 05 ), while there was no obvious difference between group A and B ( P ＞ 0. 05 ). There was no difference of integral optical density of the C-kit expression positive neurons among the three groups. Conclusions Hp infection and NSAIDs might cause gastritis and had influence on the structural changes of neurons from gastric wall and ICC. Hp infection could obviously inhibit SS excretion from antrum mucosa while increase Gastrin excretion. NSAIDs induced gastritis had little influence on GAS and SS.

Objective To investigate the feature,pathological diagnosis and differential diagnosis of blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm (BPDCN).Methods The clinical and histological findings,immunophenotype,treatment and prognosis of one case with BPDCN were evaluated with review of the relevant literature.Results The female patient with age of 32 years presented as cutaneous lesions.Pathologic findings showed skin and bone marrow were involved.Microscopically,the tumors were composed of diffuse blasts with small to medium size,scant cytoplasm,highly irregular nuclear contours,dispersed nuclear chromatin and faint indistinct nucleolus.Immunohistochemical characteristics of the tumors were the positive expression of CD4,CD56 and CD123,and negative expression of CD3,CD20,CD34,TdT,MPO.Conclusion BPDCN is a rare and highly aggressive hematopoietic neoplasm.Except for the skin,bone marrow and lymph node can also be involved.The differential diagnosis is necessary from other haematopoietic and lymphoid tumors.