Diabetic nephropathy was one of the diseases with high incidence and difficult to treat in modern society. Modern medicine had focused on the prevention and treatment of this difficult disease to delay its development. ProfessorZhao Zongjiang, who had been working on the treatment of kidney diseases with traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and modern medicine for many years, had deep understanding on integrative medicine treatment of chronic kidney diseases (CKD), diabetic nephropathy treatment with unique TCM principles, methods, prescriptions and herbs, with rich clinical experiences, rational medication and significant therapeutic effects. Under the guidance of professorZhao Zongjiang, this article started with consumptive kidney disease in combination with a large amount of professorZhao Zongjiang’s research results, for the discussion of professor Zhao Zongjiang’s academic thoughts and clinical experiences in disease treatment to provide references in this field.

Abstract Treating different diseases with same method and treating same disease with different methods have profound theoretical origins as an important content of TCM syndrome differentiation and treatment system.This theory is introduced into studies of TCM prevention and treatment of fibrosis and sclerosis of the liver,kidney.lung and other organs to search for effective drugs for common treatment of multiple organ fibrosis.so as to reveal the essenee of fibrosis and sclerosis of organs and open a new way for TCM prevention and treatment of refractory diseases;to provide experimental basis for TCM theory of treating different diseases with same method and treating same disease with different methods,and to provide new thinking and new method for studies of integrated western and Chinese medicine,TCM modernization and standardization.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the changes of connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) protein and CTGF mRNA in kidney tissue of rats with adriamycin (ADR)-induced nephropathy and to study the effects of compound Biejia Ruangan tablet (CBJRGT), a traditional Chinese herbal medicine for treatment of liver fibrosis. METHODS: A rat model of ADR-induced nephropathy after one-sided nephrectomy was established. Forty-five Wistar rats were randomly divided into 5 groups: normal control group, sham-operated group, untreated group, lotensin-treated group and CBJRGT-treated group. Pathological changes of the kidney tissue were observed by microscopy after 10-week drug administration. The expressions of CTGF protein and CTGF mRNA in the kidney tissue were measured by the methods of immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization. RESULTS: The expressions of CTGF protein and CTGF mRNA in the normal and sham-operated groups were decreased in the intracytoplasm of glomerular mesangial cells, renal tubular epithelial cells and interstitial cells. Compared with the sham-operated group, the expressions of CTGF protein and CTGF mRNA in the untreated group were markedly increased and the development of renal fibrosis in the untreated group could be observed. CBJRGT could significantly decrease the expressions of CTGF protein and CTGF mRNA, and there was no significant difference between CBJRGT-treated group and lotensin-treated group. CONCLUSION: CBJRGT may suppress the development of fibrosis through down-regulating the expressions of CTGF protein and CTGF mRNA.

Aplastic anemia (AA) is a Tlymphocyte-mediated autoimmune disease. The research on AA was focused on three areas, which were the pathogenesis of immune dysfunction, hematopoietic stem cell damage and abnormal hematopoietic microenvironment. In recent years, more attentions have been paid on abnormal immune mechanisms in the blood. There are complex intracellular cytokine and signal transduction pathway of pathogenesis in AA. And T-bet/IFN-γ signaling pathway plays an important role in development and progression of AA. This article aimed to review T-bet/IFN-γ signaling pathways in AA.

Objective To study the expression of tansforming growth factor(TGF)-?1 and mRNA in the renal tubules of Streptozotocin(STZ)-induced diabetic nephropathy rats.Methods SD rats were randomly divided into two groups: normal control and diabetic nephropathy.Diabetes was induced by intraperitoneal injection of STZ.And the diabetic rats were randomly divided into four groups: model group,irbesartan treatment group,Haikunshenxi low and high dose group.Twenty-four-hour urine volume and urinary protein excretion were examined at week 4,8,and 12 respectively.All the rats were sacrificed at week 12,and body weight,kidney weight,and serum excretion,serum creatinine,blood urea nitrogen were examined.The expression of TGF-?1and mRNA in rat renal tissue were detected respectively by immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization.The graphic analysis system and SPSS 11.5 statistics software were used to treat the results.Results The expression of TGF-?1and mRNA in the Haikunshenxi group was depressed greatly(P

Objective: To study the effect of HaikunShenxi on expression of connective tissue growth factor(CTGF) in renal tubules of STZ-induced diabetic nephropathy rats.Methods: SD rats were randomly divided into two groups: normal control and diabetic nephropathy.Diabetes was induced by intraperitoneal injection of STZ.The diabetic models were affirmed upon blood glucose ≥16.5 mmol/L,urinary glucose ≥ ++++ 72h after the injection.And the diabetic rats were randomly divided into four groups: model group,irbesartan treatment group,low and high dose HaikunShenxi treatment group.24-hour urine volume,24-hour urinary protein excretion were examined at week 4,8,and 12 respectively.All the rats were sacrificed at week 12;body weight,kidney weight,and serum excretion,serum creatinine,blood urea nitroge were detected.Kidney were taken for pathological examination(HE,Mallory stain),The expressions of CTGF in rat renal were detected respectively by immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization.Result: 24-hour urine volume,24-hour urinary protein excretion were examined at week 4,8,and 12 respectively.All the rats were sacrificed at week 12;body weight,kidney weight,and serum excretion,serum creatinine,blood urea nitroge was improved by HaikunShenxi preparation.Haikunshenxi can alleviate severe pathological changes of kidney structure in rats with DN,The expression of CTGF in the HaikunShenxi treatment group was depressed greatly.Conclusions: The overexpression of CTGF in renal tissue of diabetic rats may be one of the mechanisms of diabetic nephropathy,haikunshenxi had certainly protective effects on it.

This study was aimed to investigate the effect of Bu-Shen Y i-Sui Sheng-Xue (BSYSSX) method on pro-liferation and differentiation mechanisms of hematopoietic progenitor cells. The rat models were established by 60Co-γrays and cyclophosphamide. Compound Chinese medicine was gavaged to rats of the normal control group, model group, stanozolol group, Yi-Sui Sheng-Xue (YSSX) group, Wen-Shen Sheng-Xue(WSSX) group and Zi-Shen Sheng-Xue (ZSSX) group. Then, serum of rat was prepared. Rat bone marrow cells were incubated with AA rats serum ac-counted for 20% and the number of hematopoietic progenitor cells colony-forming units (CFU) were counted. The level of GATA-1 and PU.1 mRNA in colony cells were detected with RT-PCR. The results showed that compared with the normal control group, the number of bone marrow cells, CFU-E, BFU-E, CFU-GM, as well as the expres-sion of GATA-1 and PU.1 mRNA in the model group decreased significantly (P< 0.01). Compared with the model group, the number of bone marrow cells, CFU-E, BFU-E, CFU-GM of each treatment group were significantly in-creased (P< 0.01). CFU-E and BFU-E of the ZSSX group were better than the YSSX group (P < 0.01). CFU-GM of the ZSSX group was better than the YSSX group and the WSSX group. The expression of GATA-1 and PU.1 mR-NA in each treatment group were significantly higher than the model group (P< 0.01). The expression of GATA-1 mRNA in the ZSSX group was better than the YSSZ group and WSSX group (P< 0.05). The expression of PU.1 mR-NA in the ZSSX group was higher than the YSSX group and WSSX group. It was concluded that BSYSSX method may increase the expression of GATA-1 and PU.1 mRNA in order to promote the proliferation and differentiation of bone marrow hematopoietic progenitor cells. The ZSSX method was better than the YSSX method and WSSX method.

This paper was aimed to observe the effect of Yisui Shengxue (YSSX) granules on CD4+ CD25 + regulatory T cells (Treg cells) and its treatment mechanism in aplastic anemia (AA) rats.Male SD rats were selected and randomly divided into different groups according to their weight.In the model group,subcutaneous injection of benzene (1 mL· kg-1)was given every other day for 7 consecutive weeks.Ten days before the rats were sacrificed,intraperitoneal injection of CTX (25 mL · kg-1) was given for 3 consecutive days.On the 4th week,model rats were divided into the model group,stanozolol group,and the YSSX granules group.Intragastric administration of corresponding drug was given.Same volume of normal saline was given to the normal group and the model group.At the end of the experiment,WBC,RBC,HGB and PLT in peripheral blood were detected.Blood smear and bone marrow smear were prepared.The Foxp3 protein expression of Treg cells in spleen tissues was detected by immunohistochemistry (IHC).RT-PCR was used to detect the Foxp3 mRNA expression in bone marrow tissues.The results showed that compared with the normal group,WBC,RBC,HGB and PLT in the model group were significantly reduced (P ＜ 0.01).The blood smear showed poor permeability of blood cells,reduced WBCs,and increased degenerated cells.The bone marrow smear indicated significantly increased fat drops,significantly reduced hematopoietic cells,and increased nonhematopoietic cells.After the treatment of YSSX granules,WBC,RBC,HGB and PLT were significantly increased (P ＜ 0.01).Both the blood smear and bone marrow smear showed cell permeability improvement,cell form returns to normal,fat drops significantly reduced,significantly increased hematopoietic cells,significantly increased Foxp3 protein expression in spleen tissues and Foxp3 mRNA expression in bone marrow tissues (P ＜ 0.01).It was concluded that YSSX granules can upregulate both gene and protein expression of Foxp3,regulate AA immune function in order to improve the AA immune environment,promote the recovery of bone marrow hematopoietic function,which played an important role in AA treatment.

Through reviewing and summarizing classical literatures of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and modern medical research results,TCM kidney-marrow system was presented and initially explained.The kidney marrow system is inseparable in structure,interdependent in physiology and mutually influential in pathology.The kidney-marrow system can be applied to the treatment of major diseases in TCM,which included metabolic bone diseases,brain and neurological disorders,haematological diseases and etc.,with significant clinical effects.The in-depth study on TCM kidney marrow system will improve the clinical curative effect of major TCM clinical diseases and achieve the precision treatment in traditional medicine.It displays unique advantages of TCM holism concept and achieves new breakthrough in TCM clinical diseases.

The kidney stores essence,essence generates marrow is one of the important contents in zaag-xiang theory of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM).The kidney-marrow-brain,kidney-marrow-bone and other biological axis put forward by modern scholars took kidney-marrow system as their cores.Derived from this basis as well as under the guidance of TCM holism concept,the construction of TCM kidney-marrow system has been continuously improved;and the kidney-marrow correlation theory has been enriched.To better grasp and apply the kidney-marrow correlation theory can solve clinical problems of major diseases.However,doctors in past dynasties did not clearly define kidney-marrow system. It has not formed a complete theoretical system.Marrow in the kidney-marrow system contained brain,spinal cord and bone marrow.Marrow can generate blood,which nourishes bone together with the bone marrow.The bone marrow connects with the brain and spinal cord,which are all related to blood.Hence,the function of marrow generates blood occupied an important position in the kidney-marrow system. In this paper,the structure and function of the kidney-marrow system were preliminarily explained and constructed;and the kidney-marrow system related theories were further enriched.