We have established a method for the measurement of glucocorticoid receptors (GCR) in canine peripheral leukocytes using the radio-ligand binding assay with (~3H) dexamethasone (Dex) as the ligand. The Scatchard plot analysis of (~3H) Dex specific binding to leukocytes showed a single class of binding sites. The apparent view of binding capacity (Ro) and the equilibrium dissociation constant (Kd) were 7.30 ? 1.98 fmol/10~6 cells and 4.69 ? 2.65nM (x?SD, N = 5) respectively. The saturable binding sites showed a high steroid specificity. The specific binding sites in peripheral leukocytes from 22 healthy adult mongrel dogs in normal unstressed condition have been measured by the single saturated analysis with (~3H) Dex at a concentration of 10 nM. The results showed that the number of (~3H)Dex specific binding sites was 3745?486 sites/cell (x?SD). There was no significant difference between male and female dogs in GCR levels. The authors believe that as it is easy to obtain test materials, the result of reduplication is satisfactory, and blood consump tion is low, it is a method suitable for the general laboratory.

Operation robot has 3D vision and 7 activity degrees of freedom,also has vibration elimination system and operation scale system.These can ensure its operative precise in limited space.Meanwhile the console meets vito dynamics can relieve fatigue of doctors.Operation robot has great effect in many subjects.But it still needs to be improved because it lacks of feedback system,mechanical failure and software failure.Furthermore,its price demands to decrease.The newest progress was reviewed for better use of operation robot.

Anastomotic leakage was one of the severe complications after anterior resection of rectal cancer.Its occurrenc was correlated with age,weight and nutrtion,basic diseases,preoperative radio-chemotherapy,surgical technique and stage of the tumor.Anastomotic leakage could be diagnosed by symptoms,physical signs,drainagefluid and imaging examinations.Most of the anastomotic leakage could be cured non-operatively.Much attention should be pay on the prevention of anastomotic leakage,protective stomy should be made in high risk population,while the complications of protective stomy should be pay attention to.

The incidence rate of trauma has been on the rise in recent years,and traumatic shock remains one of the main pathological conditions which endangers human life worldwide. This review covers the fundamental studies of trauma, multiple organ dysfunction after traumatic shock, the significance of cytokines in shock, the present strategies and advancements in treatment progress of shock. In addition, a prospect of the study of traumatic shock is discussed

Adrenomedullin (AM) is a new peptidergic regulator of vascular function. AM serves as a hormone, which has many biological properties, plays an important role in the many pathophysiological processes, especially shock. This review will highlight the structure, biological properties of AM and the relationship between AM and shock.

Objective To investigate the changes of plasma adrenomedulin(AM) and nitric oxide(NO) and their correlation in rats with traumatic shock. Methods 40 Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into control group(n=10), traumatic shock without resuscitation group (n=10), traumatic shock with resuscitation group (n=10) and aminoguanidine group (n=10). 10 rats of control group only received intubation after anesthesia. The other 30 rats were made animal models of traumatic shock by crashing both femur shafts and doing bloodletting to mean arterial pressure of 35～45mmHg via femoral artery. Hypotention of rats in traumatic shock with resuscitation group were maintained 30min, and then the lost blood was returned, followed by an infusion of equal volume of Ringer's solutions. Rats of aminoguanidine group were given aminoguanidine 60mg/kg body weight during resuscitation. The changes of Plasma levels of AM and NO in every group of rats were observed before and after shock. Results The plasma level of both AM and NO in the rats of traumatic shock was higher than that in the rats of control group, and reached the highest 30min after resuscitation. The level changes of plasma AM and NO in the rats of aminoguanidine group were not significant. The level change of plasma AM was positive correlation with the level change of plasma NO. Conclusions AM and NO may play an important role in the pathological process of traumatic shock. AM develops its role probably by NO.

Objective To investigate the surgical treatment of male gynecomastia. Methods The clinical data of 116 cases(156 sites) of male gynecomastia were treated by using micro incision of areola with tumescent anesthesia in the past 4 years were reviewed. Results In this series, 50 to 150 grams mammary gland tissue were resected from the breast. There were no severe postoperative complications,such as nipple or areola necrosis and apparent scar . Follow up was done for 12 to 36 months, the scars were obscure, and the configuration of the breasts were good. Conclusions The operation for male hynecomastia via micro incision of areola with tumescent anesthesia is a good, reliable and convenient technique. It is easily performed with milder injury,less bleeding, and quick recovery.

To establish a standard experimental model of traumatic shock in rats that could not only imitate clinical features,but also be performed easily, multiple injuries involving the leg bones,the soft tissue and hemorrhage in Sprague Daulay rats were made by hitting its legs on both sides with a 2500g pontil falling from 30cm height to induce traumatic shock. Resuscitated the rats after 90 minutes and monitored the vital signs,and then calculated the 24 hour and 72 hour death rates. There were about (7 8?1 6) minutes of the rats from injury to shock. The death rates were 27 5% in 24 hours and 52 5% in 72 hours. This model has been proved to be relatively simple,stable and basically closed to clinical features of traumatic shock, so it is a reliable,acute animal model for experimental study of traumatic shock.

To observe the changes in plasma adrenomedullin (AM) and its possible mechanism of pathogenesis of traumatic shock, 30 Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into control group, traumatic shock without resuscitation group, and traumatic shock with resuscitation group. Ten control rats were intubated after anesthesia only. Traumatic shock was reproduced in 20 rats by fracturing shafts of both femurs and bleeding to a mean arterial pressure of 35～45mmHg via femoral artery. Hypotension of rats with traumatic shock with resuscitation group was maintained 30min, and then the bled blood was returned, followed by an infusion with same volume of Ringer's solution. Plasma levels of adrenomedullin(AM) were assayed before and after shock. The data showed that plasma levels of AM were significantly increased after shock, and they were higher in the early period than late period. They were also higher in rats without resuscitation than that in rats of the resuscitation group. The results suggested that plasma levels of AM were significantly increased at an early in rats with traumatic shock, implicating that it might play an important role in the development of traumatic shock. Measures taken to decrease the levels of AM at this period might be helpful to improve the result of resuscitation of traumatic shock in rats

To study the dynamic changes and the significance of oxygen partial pressure in tissues in rats with traumatic shock, a traumatic shock model in Sprague Dawley rats were reproduced by limbs wounding, and oxygen partial pressure in tissues, including skeletal muscles,liver and small intestine, were assayed before trauma and after shock based on oxygen dependent quenching. Meanwhile, hemodynamic parameters of the rats were monitored. The results showed that oxygen partial pressure in tissues decreased significantly after traumatic shock( P