We have established a method for the measurement of glucocorticoid receptors (GCR) in canine peripheral leukocytes using the radio-ligand binding assay with (~3H) dexamethasone (Dex) as the ligand. The Scatchard plot analysis of (~3H) Dex specific binding to leukocytes showed a single class of binding sites. The apparent view of binding capacity (Ro) and the equilibrium dissociation constant (Kd) were 7.30 ? 1.98 fmol/10~6 cells and 4.69 ? 2.65nM (x?SD, N = 5) respectively. The saturable binding sites showed a high steroid specificity. The specific binding sites in peripheral leukocytes from 22 healthy adult mongrel dogs in normal unstressed condition have been measured by the single saturated analysis with (~3H) Dex at a concentration of 10 nM. The results showed that the number of (~3H)Dex specific binding sites was 3745?486 sites/cell (x?SD). There was no significant difference between male and female dogs in GCR levels. The authors believe that as it is easy to obtain test materials, the result of reduplication is satisfactory, and blood consump tion is low, it is a method suitable for the general laboratory.

The incidence rate of trauma has been on the rise in recent years,and traumatic shock remains one of the main pathological conditions which endangers human life worldwide. This review covers the fundamental studies of trauma, multiple organ dysfunction after traumatic shock, the significance of cytokines in shock, the present strategies and advancements in treatment progress of shock. In addition, a prospect of the study of traumatic shock is discussed

Anastomotic leakage was one of the severe complications after anterior resection of rectal cancer.Its occurrenc was correlated with age,weight and nutrtion,basic diseases,preoperative radio-chemotherapy,surgical technique and stage of the tumor.Anastomotic leakage could be diagnosed by symptoms,physical signs,drainagefluid and imaging examinations.Most of the anastomotic leakage could be cured non-operatively.Much attention should be pay on the prevention of anastomotic leakage,protective stomy should be made in high risk population,while the complications of protective stomy should be pay attention to.

Operation robot has 3D vision and 7 activity degrees of freedom,also has vibration elimination system and operation scale system.These can ensure its operative precise in limited space.Meanwhile the console meets vito dynamics can relieve fatigue of doctors.Operation robot has great effect in many subjects.But it still needs to be improved because it lacks of feedback system,mechanical failure and software failure.Furthermore,its price demands to decrease.The newest progress was reviewed for better use of operation robot.

Adrenomedullin (AM) is a new peptidergic regulator of vascular function. AM serves as a hormone, which has many biological properties, plays an important role in the many pathophysiological processes, especially shock. This review will highlight the structure, biological properties of AM and the relationship between AM and shock.

Objective To investigate the changes of plasma adrenomedulin(AM) and nitric oxide(NO) and their correlation in rats with traumatic shock. Methods 40 Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into control group(n=10), traumatic shock without resuscitation group (n=10), traumatic shock with resuscitation group (n=10) and aminoguanidine group (n=10). 10 rats of control group only received intubation after anesthesia. The other 30 rats were made animal models of traumatic shock by crashing both femur shafts and doing bloodletting to mean arterial pressure of 35～45mmHg via femoral artery. Hypotention of rats in traumatic shock with resuscitation group were maintained 30min, and then the lost blood was returned, followed by an infusion of equal volume of Ringer's solutions. Rats of aminoguanidine group were given aminoguanidine 60mg/kg body weight during resuscitation. The changes of Plasma levels of AM and NO in every group of rats were observed before and after shock. Results The plasma level of both AM and NO in the rats of traumatic shock was higher than that in the rats of control group, and reached the highest 30min after resuscitation. The level changes of plasma AM and NO in the rats of aminoguanidine group were not significant. The level change of plasma AM was positive correlation with the level change of plasma NO. Conclusions AM and NO may play an important role in the pathological process of traumatic shock. AM develops its role probably by NO.

Objective To study the effects of suicide gene system mediated by adenovirus containing the CD-TK fusion gene controlled by human vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)promoter on apoptosis of human hepatocellular carcinoma cells HepG2 in vitro.Methods The VEGF-expressing HepG2 cells were infected by adenovirus vector containing CD-TK fusion gene controlled by the VEGF promoter(Ad-VEGFP-CDglyTK).The infection efficiencies in HepG2 cells were observed under a fluorescence microscope.The toxic effect of 5-fluorocytosine(5-FC)and ganciclovic(GCV)on infected cells was determined by light microscopy,electron-microscopy and flow cytometry(FCM).Results The transfection efficiency in HepG2 cells increased with the increasing adenoviral titer.The pro-drug(5-FC and GCV)could induce apoptosis of HepG2 cells in certain range of dosage(the doses of GCV+5-FC:1mg/L + 20mg/L,10mg/L + 40mg/L,100mg/L + 60mg/L)at the multiplicity of infection(MOI)of 100.The effect showed a time-dependent manner.HepG2 cells showed typical morphologic changes of apoptosis after administration of the pro-drug(GCV:10mg/L,5-FC:40mg/L)for 72 hours:chromatin condensation and disposition along nuclear membrane.Karyopyknosis and karyoklasis were seen under electron microscopy(?10 000).Apoptotic peak was also shown in HepG2 cells treated with the pro-drug(5-FC and GCV)by flow cytometry.The cell apoptosis rate was increased accordingly as the concentration of pro-drug(5-FC and GCV)increased.The apoptosis was increased obviously in comparison with the negative control group(P

Objective To study the inhibitory effects of adenovirus-mediated fusion gene system driven by KDR promoter(AdKDR-CDglyTK) on angiogenesis and growth of pancreatic cancer.Methods The nude mice model was reproduced bearing pancreatic cancer cell lines Capan-2.Twenty nude mice were randomly and equally divided into four groups: AdKDR-CDglyTK and 5-FC/GCV were injected to the animals of group Ⅰ;group Ⅱ received 5-FC/GCV injection,group Ⅲ received AdKDR-CDglyTK injection,and group Ⅳ as control,received neither AdKDR-CDglyTK nor 5-FC/GCV.AdKDR-CDglyTK was injected directly into the tumor,while 5-FC/GCV was given by intraperitoneal injection.The treatment efficiency in each group was observed and the tumor microvessel density(MVD) was analyzed.RT-PCR was employed to examine the expression of CDglyTK in tumors.Results Tumor growth was dramatically inhibited in group Ⅰ,while no significant difference was found in group Ⅱ,group Ⅲ and group Ⅳ.The MVD in the four groups were 2.08?0.79,10.01?0.77,9.91?0.63 and 10.39?1.35,respectively(F=93.29,P=0.00).The MVD decreased significantly in group Ⅰ compared to the other three groups(P0.05).RT-PCR showed that a 2.4kB fragment had been amplified in the tumor tissues of groupⅠand group Ⅲ,but not in groupⅡand group Ⅳ.Conclusion AdKDR-CDglyTK with 5-FC and GCV can significantly inhibit the angiogenesis and growth of implanted pancreatic cancer in nude mice.

To establish a standard experimental model of traumatic shock in rats that could not only imitate clinical features,but also be performed easily, multiple injuries involving the leg bones,the soft tissue and hemorrhage in Sprague Daulay rats were made by hitting its legs on both sides with a 2500g pontil falling from 30cm height to induce traumatic shock. Resuscitated the rats after 90 minutes and monitored the vital signs,and then calculated the 24 hour and 72 hour death rates. There were about (7 8?1 6) minutes of the rats from injury to shock. The death rates were 27 5% in 24 hours and 52 5% in 72 hours. This model has been proved to be relatively simple,stable and basically closed to clinical features of traumatic shock, so it is a reliable,acute animal model for experimental study of traumatic shock.

To observe the changes in plasma adrenomedullin (AM) and its possible mechanism of pathogenesis of traumatic shock, 30 Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into control group, traumatic shock without resuscitation group, and traumatic shock with resuscitation group. Ten control rats were intubated after anesthesia only. Traumatic shock was reproduced in 20 rats by fracturing shafts of both femurs and bleeding to a mean arterial pressure of 35～45mmHg via femoral artery. Hypotension of rats with traumatic shock with resuscitation group was maintained 30min, and then the bled blood was returned, followed by an infusion with same volume of Ringer's solution. Plasma levels of adrenomedullin(AM) were assayed before and after shock. The data showed that plasma levels of AM were significantly increased after shock, and they were higher in the early period than late period. They were also higher in rats without resuscitation than that in rats of the resuscitation group. The results suggested that plasma levels of AM were significantly increased at an early in rats with traumatic shock, implicating that it might play an important role in the development of traumatic shock. Measures taken to decrease the levels of AM at this period might be helpful to improve the result of resuscitation of traumatic shock in rats