Objective To explore the genetic association of C1GALT1 gene polymorphisms with susceptibility and prognosis of IgA nephropathy (IgAN) on Uyghur population in Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region.Methods Ninety Uighur patients with IgAN and ninety geographically and age matched healthy controls were recruited.Peripheral blood was collected from recruited individuals for DNA extracting.After amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR),genotyping of the four single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in C1GALT1 gene,which were rs9639031,rs5882115,rs1008898,-527A/G,were detected by direct sequencing analysis.Differences of allele and genotype frequency were analyzed between IgAN and healthy controls.Moreover,the association between these SNPs and the risk and progress in IgAN patients were further analyzed.Results (1) The I allele frequency of rs5882115 in C1GALT1 gene was significantly higher in IgAN than that in healthy controls （x2 =7.788,P =0.015),no difference in allele frequencies of rs9639031,rs1008898,-527A/G between IgAN and healthy controls was found.Under the dominant mode,the DI+ Ⅱ genotype frequencies of rs5882115 was significantly higher in IgAN than that in healthy controls (x2 =8.563,P =0.009),no difference in genotype frequencies of rs9639031,rs1008898,-527A/G between IgAN and healthy controls was found.Under the hidden mode,no difference in genotype frequencies of rs5882115,rs9639031,rs1008898,-527A/G between IgAN and healthy controls was found.Logistic single factor regression analysis showed that the risk to IgAN of whom carry I allele of rs5882115 was 2.469 times than the D allele (OR =2.469),and the risk to IgAN of whom carry DI+ Ⅱ genotype was also higher (OR =2.852).(3) No association was found between these SNPs in C1GALT1 gene and serum creatinine in IgAN.Conclusion Association between rs5882115 in C1GALT1 gene and Uighur IgAN susceptibility suggests that there may be variants in C1GALT1 gene or its linked genetic region,which needs further exploration.

Objective To explore the expression of nemo-like kinase (NLK) in primary hepatic carcino-ma (HCC) and its clinicopathological significance. Methods The expression of NLK was detected in 136 HCC samples by Immunohistochemistry. Results NLK expression was significantly up-regulated in HCC specimens compared to corresponding normal liver tissues. High expression of NLK was significantly associated with Ed-mondson-steiner grade, tumor size and number of tumor nodules (all P < 0.05). There was positive correlation between NLK and proliferation marker Ki-67 (P < 0.01). Kaplan-Meier analysis showed the high expression NLK group was significantly associated with poor overall survival and disease-free survival (all P < 0.001). Univariate analysis showed that the high expression NLK was associated with poor prognosis (P < 0.001). Multivariable Cox regression analysis suggested that the expressions of NLK and Ki-67 , Edmondson-steiner grade , metastasis , tu-mor size and number of tumor nodules were independent prognostic indicators for HCC. Conclusions NLK was markedly upregulated in HCC specimens, and it might be an independent prognostic marker for HCC. NLK might play an important role in tumorigenesis, progression and prognosis of HCC.

Objective To investigate thecorrelation between nonmusle myosin heavy chain 9 gene (MYH9) rs12107,signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT4) rs3024912, Urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA) rs4065 single nucleotide polymorphism and idiopathic Uighur membranous nephropathy (IMN). Methods Patients admittedby People′s Hospital of Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region from June 2011 to May 2015 were selected in the research,of which 45 with IMN (group A),45 patients with IgA nephropathy (group B) and 45 healthy controls(group C). The polymorphisms of rs12107,rs3024912 and rs4065 were measured with direct sequencing, in order to analyzing the correlation between genotype and allele with IMN. Results Group Ars12107 (MYH9) locus genotype CC, C allele (48.9%, 65.6%) frequency were higher than those in group B (13.3%, 33.3%) and group C (20.0%, 46.7%), and the difference was statistically significance (P < 0.05). C allele carriers of the risk of IMN is 2.18 times that of the T allele (95% CI: 1.19-3.97). Univariate Logistic regression analysis of rs12107 CC genotype showed patients with CC genotype faced with high risk of renal failure (OR = 5.56,95% CI:1.27-24.29, P = 0.023) compared with non-CC genotype patients. rs3024912 genotype and allele frequencies showed no significant difference among the three groups (P > 0.05). rs3024912 GG genotype patients showed higher risk of renal failure compared with non-GG genotype patients (95% CI:1.48-26.83, P = 0.013). Only TT genotype was detected on rs4065 locus. TC and CC genotype were not detected. Conclusions MYH9 gene rs12107 locus CC genotype and C allele are associated with susceptibility to IMN in Xinjiang Uygur, and CC genotypes associated with renal function. rs3024912 (STAT4)GG genotype are not susceptibility gene,but associated with renal function in patients with IMN.

Objective To investigate the anti-oxidant effect of pirfenidone (PD) at different dosage on acute lung injury (ALI) induced by paraquat (PQ) poisoning in mice. Methods 144 ICR mice were randomly divided into four groups: control group (n = 24), PQ poisoned group (n = 24), high and low doses PD treatment groups (n = 48). ALI induced by PQ poisoning model was reproduced by intraperitoneal injection of 25 mg/kg 20% PQ solution in mice, and the mice in control group was given equal volume of normal saline. Intragastric administration with 30 mg/kg and 70 mg/kg PD suspension [PD was dissolved in 0.4% sodium carboxymethyl cellulose sodium (CMC) solution] after PQ poisoning immediately for 3 days in high and low doses PD treatment groups respectively, while the same volume of 0.4% CMC solution was administrated in control group and PQ poisoned group. Then mice in each group were respectively sacrificed at 2, 6, 12, 24, 48 and 72 hours after PD exposure to harvest the lung tissue, nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) was determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malonaldehyde (MDA) were determined by colorimetry, and pulmonary pathological changes were observed with microscope after hematoxylin-ensin (HE) staining. Results Compared with the control group, NF-κB from 2 hours in PQ poisoned group was significantly increased (pg/mg: 106.65±5.96 vs. 79.04±2.40, P < 0.05), and lasted to 72 hours (pg/mg: 110.47±5.91 vs. 82.70±2.79, P < 0.05); the activity of SOD was significantly enhanced in early stage (2-6 hours; U/mg: 39.34±1.17 vs. 34.72±1.54 at 2 hours, 37.37±0.90 vs. 33.75±0.93 at 6 hours, both P < 0.05) followed by a gradual decrease; the content of MDA within 24 hours was significantly increased (nmol/mg: 1.67±0.22 vs. 1.03±0.09 at 2 hours, 1.56±0.17 vs. 1.14±0.16 at 24 hours, both P < 0.05) followed by a gradual decrease. Compared with the PQ poisoned group, both high and low dose PD treatment could significantly inhibit NF-κB from 24 hours to 72 hours, and significantly inhibit MDA within 24 hours; high dose PD treatment could increase SOD activity at 6 hours, which showed a tendency of decreasing followed by increasing in low dose PD treatment group. Compared with high dose PD treatment group, the inhibition of MDA in low dose PD treatment group was more significant (nmol/mg: 0.90±0.08 vs. 1.29±0.18 at 2 hours, 1.03±0.32 vs. 1.84±0.43 at 6 hours, 1.08±0.09 vs. 1.33±0.16 at 24 hours, all P < 0.05), and SOD activity was significantly decreased at 6 hours (U/mg: 35.24±2.08 vs. 38.46±0.87, P < 0.05), and it was increased at 72 hours (U/mg: 39.81±1.30 vs. 34.58±3.15, but P > 0.05), but no significant difference in NF-κB activity at all time points was found. Under light microscope, a wide range of red blood cells and serous effusion, alveolar septum fracture and pulmonary interstitial inflammatory cell infiltration were shown by pathologic examination in PQ poisoned group. The pathologic changes in high and low doses PD treatment groups were obviously less than those of PQ poisoned group, and no significant difference was found between the two doses groups. Conclusions The early therapeutic effect of PD may relate to the inhibition of NF-κB and reactive oxygen species, then reduce the inflammation of PQ poisoning. The treatment effectiveness of low dose PD seems better than high dose PD.

Abdominal cocoon is a rare,peritoneal disease with a disorder of the autoimmune system.It is a disease of acute and chronic intestinal obstruction caused by a thickened peritoneum that wraps or partially wraps the small intestine.The cause and mechanism of its etiology are not yet fully understood which need further study.The clinical features of the abdominal cocoon symptoms are lack of specificity,which can easily lead to misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis.There is no perfect treatment standard for treatment.With the promotion and popularization of CT,Iaparoscopic and other technologies,the diagnosis and treatment of abdominal cocoon symptoms can be improved.Although conservative treatment can delay the progression of abdominal cocoon symptoms,it still cannot solve the problem fundamentally.Surgical treatment is still the best choice for patients with abdominal cocoon.

Diagnostics is one of the most important bridge courses for medical students from basic to clinical. Doctor-patient communication runs through the whole process of patient diagnosis and treatment. How to improve medical students' ability of doctor-patient communication? Our teaching team has carried out continuous reform and explored the scientific effective teaching mode. Recently, through the construction of "doctor-patient communication skills" quality online course, efforts have made to build an online and offline blended learning mode, which has gradually realize the integration with diagnostics teaching, and has achieved remarkable results. It also provides a scientific practical basis for the integration of doctor-patient communication and other clinical courses, which is worthy of promotion.

Objective To investigate the epidemiology characteristics of crawfish related rhabdomyolysis (RM) in Nanjing, 2016.Methods Outpatient and inpatient electronic medical system of 21 hospitals in Nanjing during 2016 were retrospectively searched, and all the patients diagnosed with RM were selected. The patients with none crayfish-related RM was excluded. The epidemiology characteristics were depicted. The geographic information system (GIS) was used to collect, manage and analyze the spatial data, to visualize it, to analyze the spatial distribution features of the disease, and to explore the cause of disease prediction. GeoDa 1.8 software was used to analyze the global and local spatial auto-correlation.Results A total of 1183 patients with crawfish related RM were initially screened, excluding 59 patients with RM caused by trauma, severe exercise, heat stroke, myositis, poisoning, drugs, and genetic diseases, and 1124 patients were enrolled. The proportion of men was 36.48% (410/1124) with an incidence of 12.54/100 thousands; while of women was 63.52% (714/1124) with an incidence of 21.86/100 thousands. The median age at onset was 34 (28, 43) years. From July to August, the incidence of crawfish related RM was the highest, accounting for 96.53% of the total number of cases. The top four incidence areas were Pukou (41.54/100 thousands), Jianye (25.94/100 thousands), Qixia (25.73/100 thousands), Gulou (25.04/100 thousands), all of which were adjacent to the Yangtze River. Global spatial autocorrelation analysis showed: MoranI = 0.427,Z = 2.646,P = 0.003, suggesting that the crawfish related RM had positive spatial autocorrelation. The results showed that the spatial structure of crawfish related RM existed in Nanjing in 2016. Local spatial autocorrelation analysis showed that the high-high concentration areas were Pukou, Jianye and Liuhe. The incidences of above three areas which were the Nanjing section of the lower reaches of the Yangtze River flowed through the region and surrounding areas were higher than the overall incidence of Nanjing.Conclusion The prevalence of crawfish related RM in Nanjing during 2016 had an obvious region-concentrated character and global spatial autocorrelation with the high prevalent regions mainly concentrated in the urban areas adjacent to the Yangtze River.