Objective To observe any rehabilitative effects of individualized exercise training in the treatment of rotator cuff injury in elite table tennis players.Methods Forty table tennis players from the Chinese National Team were studied.Twenty (the experimental group) had rotator cuff injuries and 20 without the injury formed the control group.An individualized rehabilitation treatment protocol was prepared for each of the players in the experimental group and implemented twice weekly for a total of 8 weeks.There was no intervention for the control group.Before and after the treatment,both groups were assessed using a questionnaire for disabilities of the arm,shoulder and hand (DASH),a motion assessment,and BIODEX isokinetic muscle testing.Results There were significant differences in average DASH scores between the two groups,with the experimental group scoring higher than the controls both before and after the treatment.Before the treatment,at angular velocities of 60°/s,180°/s and 300°/s the peak moments of the ER (external rotation,ER) and IR (internal rotation,IR) muscles and the ER/IR ratio were all lower in the experimental group than among the controls.However,after the treatment the performance of the experimental group had improved in all three tests.Conclusion The ER/IR ratio of the dominant shoulder of table tennis players with rotator cuff injury is lower than that of the players without the injury,but individualized rehabilitation treatment can effectively increase the ratio and help to improve their shoulder function.

Background Transscleral diode laser cyclophotocoagulation (TDCP) was used to later stage of glaucoma in the past.However,the indications of TDCP are expanding gradually over time and there are more and more reports about its application in different stages and different types of glaucoma.Objective This study was to compare the clinical efficacy of TDCP and trabeculectomy for primary acute angle-closure glaucoma (PAACG) with persistent ocular hypertension.Methods Ninety-five PAACG patients with persistent ocular hypertension were retrospectively analyzed.The patients were divided into TDGP group (62 eyes of 56 cases) and trabeculectomy group (44 eyes of 39 cases) based on the difference of treating fashions.The clinical outcomes were compared between the two groups with the evaluating indexes of visual acuity,intraocular pressure (IOP) before and 1 week,3 months and the end of following-up as well as the number of drug used and the re-treatment.Results The demography was matched between the two groups (all at P＞0.05).The number of eyes with visual improvement was significantly different among the groups (x2 =30.927,P =0.002) in the TDCP group.Compared with before treatment,the number of visual improvement in 1 week after treatment was significantly raised (x2 =16.778,P =0.002).No significant differences were seen in the eye number of visual improvement in various timepoints after treatment (all at P＞0.008).Also,the eye number of visual improvement was significantly different among the different timepoints (x2 =44.345,P＜0.001),and statistically significant change was found between the preoperation and postoperative 1 week (x2 =23.725,P＜0.001).However,there were no significant differences in the eye number of visual improvement in various timepoints after operation each other (all at P＞0.008).The IOP was insignificantly altered among the groups at various timepoints (Fgroup =3.836,P =0.053),but the change was significantly different over time (Ftime =757.078,P＜0.001).The postoperative IOP was significantly higher than that of preoperation in both groups (all at P＜0.001).The proportion of eyes using lowering-IOP drugs was 48.4％ in the TDCP group,and that in the trabeculectomy group was 27.3％,showing a significant difference between them (x2 =4.796,P =0.029).The retherapy was performed in 20 eyes (32.3％) and 2 eyes (4.5％) in the TDCP group and the trabeculectomy group,respectively.Conclusions The short-term lowing-IOP effecacy of TDCP is similar to trabeculectomy,but the longterm lowing-IOP efficacy of TDCP is not good.Compared with the trabeculectomy,TDCP shows more simple operation,less time-consuming during the surgery and milder tissue damage,but the eyes continuing to use anti-glaucomatous drugs or re-therapy are increased.

Objective To investigate the of 5-fluorouracil effects on the expression of Smad7,TGF-β receptorⅠ,Bcl-2 and Bax in keloid fibroblasts.Methods After primary culture of keloid fibroblasts,4-6 passages of cells were inoculated in 5 different concentrations of 5-fluorouracil(10,20,40,80,160μmol/L)for 24,48 and 72 hours.Proliferative ability of keloid fibroblasts was detected by MTT assay.Expression of Smad 7,TGF-βreceptorⅠ,Bcl-2 and Bax in keloid fibroblasts was measured by Western blot.Results During MTT,5-fluorouracil did not affect cell viability at 24 hour at the concentration of 10 and 20 μmol/L.Compared with the control group,no significant difference was detected(P＞0.05).At other concentrations,fibroblast death was visible in each group(P＜0.01).Western blot analysis showed that the expression of Smad7 significantly decreased and the expression of TGF-β receptor Ⅰ significantly increased in the TGF-β1 group compared with the blank control group(P＜0.0 1).5-fluorouracil could significantly enhance the expression of Smad7(P＜0.01).There was a remarkable decrease of the Bcl-2 expression and marked increase of the Bax expression in different concentrations of 5-fluorouracil compared with the control group(P＜0.05).But,5-fluorouracil did not show any effect on the synthesis of TGF-β receptor Ⅰ.Conclusion 5-fluorouracil could inhibit proliferation and induce apoptosis on human keloid fibroblasts in vitro.

Objective To investigate the effects of lipoprotein lipase activator, NO-1886, on the mRNA and protein expression of glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) in the kidney of diet-induced diabetic minipigs. Methods Fifteen Guangxi Bama minipigs were randomized into three groups: C group (n=5, with the normal control diet), DM group (n=5, with the high-fat and high-sucrose diet), and NO-1886 group (n=5, with the high-fat and high-sucrose diet supplemented with 1.0% NO-1886). Plasma glucose, insulin, tfiglyceride (TG), oral glucose tolerant test, creatinine and blood urea nitrogen were measured monthly. Urinary samples in the morning were used for determination of microalbumin at month 0, 2, 4 and 5. The mRNA and protein expression of GSK-3β were measured by real time PCR, Western blot and immunohistochemistry in the kidneys obtained at the end of month 5. Results Compared with the C group, levels of plasma glucose, insulin, triglyceride and mieroalbuminuria were significantly increased in the DM group. The mRNA and protein expression of GSK-3β were increased in the kidneys of diabetic pigs (mRNA 0.0272±0.0052, protein 1.1600±0.0463, P<0.01) as compared with those of normal pigs (mRNA 0.0125±0.0045, protein 0.1385±0.0664). Compared with the DM group, the concentrations of plasma glucose, insulin, triglyceride and mieroalbuminuria obviously decreased in the NO-1886 group. The mRNA and protein expression of GSK-3β were decreased in the kidneys of the NO-1886 group (mRNA 0.0162±0.0019, protein 0.8429±0.0408, P<0.05) as compared with that of the DM group. Conclusion NO-1886 can improve disorders of glucose and TG metabolism and insulin resistance, and down-regulate the expression of GSK-3β in the kidneys, and protect renal function and morphologie damage in diet-induced diabetic minipigs.

Objective To investigate the protective the effect of NO-1886 on the expression of protein kinase C in the kidneys of diabetic minipig model induced by high-sucrose and high-fat diet.Methods 15 Guangzhou minipigs aged 3 months were randomly divided into 3 groups of normal control,diabetes,diabbetes treatment,which were fed by basaldiet,high sucrose and high fat feed or with 1.0%No-1886 respectively.These minipigs were killed at the end of 5th month.Minipigs fed with high fat/high sucrose diet were treated with No-1886,and The fasting concentrations of plasma glucose,triglyceride,serum insulin and PKC were observed.Results High fat high sucrose feeding elevated fasting plasma glucose,trglyceride and serum insulin levels significantly.Supplement of No-1886 into high fat high sucrose diet induced a decrease in plasma glucose,triglyceride,insulin and PKC concentration compared with pigs fed with the sole high fat high sucrose diet.Conclusion No-1886 suppressed plasma glucose,triglyceride,insulin and PKC level.

Objective To determine the prevalence,trends and risk factors of drug-resistant tuberculosis (TB) in Ningbo during 2007-2010,and to explore the efficient control strategy of drugresistant TB.Methods A cross-sectional study of regional anti-TB drug resistance was conducted in Ningbo.The registered and culture-positive TB patients were enrolled and drug sensitivity test was performed.The demographic and clinical information were collected from the national TB report system.Logistic regression model was used to determine the risk factors of drug resistance.Results Of 1613 enrolled TB patients,39.3％-48.3％ were resistant to any first-line anti-TB drug and 14.0％-19.9％ were multidrug resistant (MDR)-TB.The proportion of new cases resistant to any first-line anti-TB drug was 35.4 ％-42.1％ and MDR TB was 9.8％- 12.2 ％,which were both significantly lower than those of retreated patients (69.5％-72.7％ and 33.9％ - 54.5％,respectively).The multivariate Logistic regression model showed that anti-TB treatment history and migration were significantly associated with any drug resistance (OR=3.298,95 ％ CI 2.391 4.550and OR=0.771,95 ％CI 0.608 - 0.978,respectively) ; while age,treatment history and migration were also significantly associated with MDR-TB.Conclusions Drug-resistant TB prevalence showed a decrease trend in Ningbo,while the resistant rates in both new cases and retreated cases still remain at high levels. Improved case management,including directly observed treatment short-course and appropriate treatment regimens specifically for drug-resistant TB,should be developed to prevent further transmission and development of drug-resistant TB in this setting.

ObjectiveTo investigate the mechanism of anti-inflammatory effect of diallyl sulfide (DAS) in protection against acute lung injury (ALI) in rats with paraquat poisoning.Methods Eighty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups, namely: control group, model group, dexamethasone (DXM) treatment group, and DAS treatment group, with 20 rats in each group. The model of paraquat poisoning was reproduced by single does of 70 mg/kg given by gavage, while the same volume of normal saline (NS) was given in same manner in control group. 100 mg/kg of DAS, the same volume of NS, or 1 mg/kg DXM injection were given respectively in DAS treatment group, model group, or DXM treatment group intraperitoneally after exposure to paraquat, once a day for 14 days. Five rats in each group were sacrificed at 1, 3, 7, 14 days, respectively. The inferior lobe of right lung was harvested, and the degree of lung injury was observed with hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining under optical microscope; the upper lobe of right lung was used to determine the lung wet/dry weight (W/D) ratio and for evaluation of the degree of pulmonary edema. The expression of nuclear factor -κB (NF-κB) in the middle lobe of right lung was assessed with immunohistochemistry. The expression of tumor necrosis factor -α (TNF-α) mRNA in the left lung was determined with the reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).Results① The pulmonary structure in control group was found to be intact. However, in the model group there were progressive pathological changes in lung, including marked edema and thickening of alveolar walls, collapse of alveoli, infiltration of inflammatory cells, alveolar wall, and obvious bleeding in the local lung tissue, and formation of transparent membrane in alveolar space. Less infiltration of inflammatory cells and no obvious destruction were found in alveolar structure in the DAS and DXM treatment groups.② Lung W/D ratio: lung W/D ratio of model group was apparently higher than that in control group at every time point, and peaking on the 3rd day (6.15±0.54 vs. 4.15±2.10,P< 0.05), and the ratio of lung W/D of DAS and DXM treatment groups was obviously lower than that in model group at every time point, especially on the 3rd day (3.99±1.26, 4.30±0.70 vs. 6.15±0.54, bothP< 0.05), but there was no significant difference between DAS and DXM treatment groups in this regard.③ The immunocytochemistry analysis revealed minimal NF-κBp65 expression in the cell nuclei of the control group, while extensive NF-κBp65 expression was found in model group. Minimal NF-κBp65 positive expression in the cytoplasm and even less positive expression in the nucleus was found in the DAS and DXM treatment groups, and integralA value was significantly lower in the DAS and DXM treatment groups than that of the model group, especially on the 3rd day [(17.98±0.06)×107, (18.53±0.04)×107 vs. (28.85±0.61)×107, bothP< 0.01], but there was no significant difference between DAS and DXM treatment groups.④ It was shown by RT-PCR that the expression of TNF-α mRNA in lung tissue of the model group was significantly higher than that in the control group on the 3rd day (gray value: 3.63±0.62 vs. 0.51±0.13, P< 0.05). The expression of TNF-α mRNA in lung tissue was significantly decreased in DAS and DXM treatment groups compared with model group (gray value: 2.49±0.57, 2.02±0.26 vs. 3.63±0.62, bothP< 0.05), but there was no significant difference between DAS and DXM treated groups.ConclusionTreatment with an intraperitoneally injection of DAS is capable of attenuate the extent of PQ-induced ALI in rats by alleviating pulmonary edema, inhibiting the expression of NF-κB and TNF-α in lung tissue, and ameliorating pathological changes in lung tissue.

Objective:To evaluate the clinical efficacy of external therapy with self-made Huatan Prescription combined with conventional western medicine therapy in the treatment of severe pneumonia of phlegm turbidity obstructing lung.Methods:Randomized controlled trial. A total of 114 patients with severe pneumonia of phlegm turbidity obstructing lung in the hospital between July 2020 and December 2021 were enrolled in this study. The patients were divided into two groups by the random number table method, with 57 in each group. On the basis of conventional western medicine therapy, the treatment group was given external therapy of self-made Huatan Prescription, and the control group was given the placebo. Both groups were applied continuously for 5 days. The TCM syndromes were scored before and after treatment. The disease severity was evaluated by Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) and Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation Ⅱ(APACHE Ⅱ). The levels of WBC and procalcitonin (PCT) were detected by automatic blood analyzer. The levels of serum CRP and IL-6 were detected by ELISA. The adverse reactions during treatment were recorded and the clinical efficacy was evaluated.Results:After treatment, the total respinse rate was 92.98% (53/57) in treatment group and was 70.18% (40/57) in control group ( χ2=9.87, P=0.002). The scores of fever, unconsciousness, cough and expectoration, nausea and vomiting, tongue coating and pulse and total score in treatment group were significantly lower than those in the control group ( t=8.95, 7.30, 6.93, 7.37, 12.02, 12.59, 14.29, P<0.01). SOFA (18.12±3.55 vs. 21.46±3.58, t=5.00) and APACHE Ⅱ (13.39±2.72 vs. 16.52±3.13, t=5.70) in treatment group were significantly lower than those in the control group ( P<0.01). The levels of WBC [(11.12±1.61) ×10 9/L vs. (12.69±1.82) ×10 9/L, t=4.88], PCT [(3.72±0.81) μg/L vs. (5.19±0.92) μg/L, t=9.05], serum CRP [(62.09±11.41) mg/L vs. (91.77±15.54) mg/L, t=11.62] and IL-6 [(193.14±32.28) ng/L vs. (235.68±38.75) ng/L, t=6.37] in treatment group were significantly lower than those in the control group ( P<0.01). During treatment, there were no obvious adverse reactions in both groups. Conclusion:Self-made Huatan Prescription external therapy combined with conventional western medicine therapy can improve the clinical symptoms, inhibit the inflammatory response, relieve the disease condition and improve the prognosis of patients with severe pneumonia of phlegm turbidity obstructing lung safely.

OBJECTIVE： To study the effects of Dengzhan shengmai capsules combined with isosorbide mononitrate on serum TIMP-1 and MMP-9 levels， blood lipid level and cardiac function in patients with unstable angina pectoris （UAP）. METHODS： Totally 198 UAP patients admitted to our hospital from Apr. 2016 to Apr. 2019 were selected， and divided into observation group （n＝102） and control group （n＝96） according to therapy plan. Control group received Isosorbide mononitrate tablets 40 mg， qd， orally； observation group additionally received Dengzhan shengmai capsules， 2 capsules per time， tid， orally， on the basis of control group. Both groups received treatment for consecutive 4 weeks. The clinical efficacy， serum levels of MMP-9 and TIMP-1， blood lipid indexes [low density lipoprotein cholesterol （LDL-C）， high density lipoprotein cholesterol （HDL-C）， triglyceride （TG）， total cholesterol （TC）]， cardiac function indexes [end-diastolic volume （EDV）， left ventricular ejection fraction （LVEF）， end-systolic volume （ESV）] and ADR were compared between 2 groups. RESULTS： The total response rate of observation group was significantly higher than control group （91.18％ vs. 70.83％， P＜0.05）. Before treatment， there was no statistical significance in the levels of ESV， MMP-9， TIMP-1， TC， LDL-C， TG， HDL-C， EDV and LVEF between 2 groups （P＞0.05）. After treatment， the levels of MMP-9， TC， LDL-C， TG， ESV and EDV in 2 groups were decreased significantly in both groups， and the observation group was significantly lower than the control group （P＜0.05）； meanwhile， the levels of TIMP-1， HDL-C and LVEF in 2 groups were increased significantly， and the observation group was significantly higher than control group （P＜0.05）. There was no statistical significance in the incidence of total ADR in 2 groups （P＞0.05）. CONCLUSIONS： Dengzhan shengmai capsules combined with isosorbide mononitrate show good clinical efficacy for UAP， which can effectively reduce serum MMP-9 level and increase serum TIMP-1 level， reduce blood lipid levels， as well as improve cardiac function for UAP patients， with good safety.

Based on the biomechanical mechanism of human upper limb, the disadvantages of traditional rehabilitation training and the current status of upper limb rehabilitation robot, a six degree of freedom, flexible adjustment, wearable upper limb rehabilitation exoskeleton design scheme is proposed. Firstly, the mechanics of each joint of the upper limb is analyzed, and the virtual prototype design of the whole mechanical structure of the upper limb rehabilitation wearable exoskeleton is carried out by using CATIA three-dimensional software. The tooth transmission of the forearm and the upper arm single row four point contact ball bearing with internal/external rotation and the shoulder flexible passive adjustment mechanism (viscoelastic damper) are innovatively designed. Then, the joints of the upper limb rehabilitation exoskeleton are analyzed, theoretical analysis and calculation of the driving torque, the selection of the motor and gearbox of each driving joint are carried out. Finally, the whole finite element analysis of the upper limb exoskeleton is carried out. The research and experimental results showed that the design scheme of the upper limb exoskeleton assist structure is highly feasible, which can help the patients with upper limb paralysis and motor dysfunction self-rehabilitation.
Biomechanical Phenomena ; Exoskeleton Device ; Humans ; Robotics ; Stroke Rehabilitation ; Torque ; Upper Extremity ; Wearable Electronic Devices