Objective:To investigate the expressive characters and their significance by detecting the expressions of HBsAg,Fas and proliferating cell nuclear antigen(PCNA) in both hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) and their surrounding non-cancerous tissues.The correlation between HBV infection and HCC,and the possible mechanism of hepatocellular carcinogenesis were discussed.Methods:HBsAg,Fas and PCNA were detected by immunohistochemistry from 52 cases of hepatocellular carcinoma as well as 42 corresponding non-cancerous tissues.Clinical data suchas serum AFP levels was also analysed.Results:Both HBsAg and Fas were strongly expressed in non-cancerous tissues,with positive rate of each achieving 78.6%.However their expression rates in cancer tissues were 21.2% and 30.8% respectively,significantly lower and less intensive than that of their corresponding non-cancerous ones(P

Child ; Chronic Disease ; Humans ; Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Lung Diseases, Fungal ; diagnosis ; therapy

APOBEC3 is a class of cytidine deaminase, which is considered as a new member of the innate immune system, and APOBEC3G belongs to this family. The research about APOBEC3G is a new direction of innate immune defense mechanism against virus. APOBEC3G has the restrictive activity on many viral replications, which deaminates dC to dU in the viral genome and then induces extensive hypermutation. APOBEC3G can also interrupt viral replication at several phases such as reverse transcription, replication, nucleocapsid and so on by non-deamination mechanisms. However, virus can encode viral proteins to counteract the restriction activity of APOBEC3G. Elucidation of the antagonistic interaction between APOBEC3G and the virus will be contributed to development of new antiviral drugs in the future.
APOBEC-3G Deaminase ; Animals ; Cytidine Deaminase ; genetics ; metabolism ; DNA Replication ; Deamination ; HIV-1 ; physiology ; Hepacivirus ; genetics ; physiology ; Hepatitis B virus ; genetics ; physiology ; Humans ; Paramyxoviridae ; genetics ; physiology ; Retroviridae ; physiology ; Virus Replication ; vif Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus ; metabolism

Idiosyncratic adverse drug reactions (IDR) induce severe medical complications or even death in patients. Alert structure in drugs can be metabolized as reactive metabolite (RM) in the bodies, which is one of the major factors to induce IDR. Structure modification and avoidance of alert structure in the drug candidates is an efficient method for reducing toxicity risks in drug design. This review briefly summarized the recent development of the methodologies for structure optimization strategy to reduce the toxicity risks of drug candidates. These methods include blocking metabolic site, altering metabolic pathway, reducing activity, bioisosterism, and prodrug.
Binding Sites ; Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System ; metabolism ; Drug Design ; Drug Discovery ; methods ; Drug Recalls ; Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions ; prevention & control ; Humans ; Structure-Activity Relationship

BACKGROUND:Currently, there are large numbers of studies related to the association between colagen type I alpha1 (COL1A1) Sp1 polymorphism and bone mineral density and fracture risk, but the results are inconsistent. OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the impact of the COL1A1 Sp1 polymorphism on bone mineral density and fracture by using the Meta-analysis. METHODS:We comprehensively searched the eligible studies for the present meta-analysis through MEDLINE, PubMed, EMBASE databases. Pooled odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals of Sp1 polymorphisms for bone mineral density and fracture risk were obtained, with attention to study quality and publication bias. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:A total of 32 studies met the inclusion criteria, among which, 22 studies evaluated the Sp1 polymorphism and fracture risk. Significant associations were found in five genetic models. In the stratified analysis by region, the same results were found in the Europeans but not Americans and Asians. Thirteen studies evaluated the Sp1 polymorphism and low bone mineral density risk. A similar result was obtained. However, the analysis of bone mineral density data showed an increased relation between Sp1 polymorphism and low bone mineral density in Europeans and Americans but not in Asians. Overal, the current meta-analysis concludes that the COL1A1 Sp1 polymorphism is associated with low bone mineral density and fracture risk, especialy in Europeans. However, susceptibility to them varies markedly among populations from different regions.

Objective To explore whether CCL18 is involved in regulating the expression of miRNAs in breast cancer.Methods The expression profile of miRNAs in the breast cancer cell following CCL18 treatment was determined by miRNAs microarray analysis.Then we performed QRT-PCR and Luciferase Reporter Assay to validate the results from the miRNAs microassay.We used transient transfection to change the expression of miR98 and c-myc in breast cancer cells.We then used QRT-PCR and Western blot to analyze the mechanism by which CCL18 downregulates the expression of miR98 in breast cancer cells.Results miRNAs microarray analysis showed that cells treated with CCL18 differentially expressed 20 miRNAs genes compared with those in the control group. Our QRT-PCR and Luciferase Reporter Assay confirmed the result.The mRNA and protein expressions of C-myc and lin28 were increased after CCL18 stimulation in breast cancer cells.Transfection with c-myc siRNAs rescued the increase of lin28 and loss of miR98 expression caused by CCL18 stimulation.Our results also showed that CCL18 could upregulate the expression of N-Ras at post-transcription level.Conclusion CCL18 downregulates the expression of miR98 via N-Ras/c-myc/lin28 pathway.The downregulated miR98 increases the expression of N-Ras after transfection,which further activates c-myc/lin28 pathway and forms a positive feedback loop.

The Jingluo is a great hypothesis and theory of Chinese traditional medicine. The physical existence of Jingluo phenomena has been proved by many medical practices, but its real mechanism is still unknown. Here is a conjecture about Jingluo: "The essence of Jingluo is in CNS, the lines of Jingluo on soma is only actually a mapping of some strong connection networks in cortex or white matter of brain". Many new modalities of medical imaging like fMRI, PET, SPECT and Mapping MEG can do a good job on functional brain imaging. If we improve their spatial resolution and develop new methods to indicate brain activities, maybe we can unveil the secret of Jingluo.
Central Nervous System ; physiology ; Cerebral Cortex ; physiology ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Meridians

Objective To study the effect of Haikun Shenxi Capsule(HSC)on endothelin-1(ET-1)and mRNA expression of rats with adriamyein-induced nephrosis and proliferation of glomerular mesangial cells(GMCs)cultured in vitro.Methods The rats were randomized into 6 groups,normal group,sham operation group,model group,benazepril group,HSC low-and high-dose groups.Ten weeks after treatment,ET-1 and mRNA expression were measured with immunohistochemical and hybridization in situ method.Tak- ing the Benazepril group as the control group,the proliferation of GMCs was detected with MTT method.Results In the model group,ET-1 and mRNA expression presented a strong positive,compared with which,that of the HSC low-and high-dose groups was remarkably reduced(P

Objective:To investigate the roles of donor alveolar maerophages and the recipient circulating neutrophils in early-stage reperfusion injury of lung allograft,and to study the interaction between the 2 kinds of cells.Methods:Twenty pairs of size-and weight-matched adult mongrel dogs were randomly assigned to 4 groups:C(control),D(leukocyte-depleted blood reperfusion),M(maerophage inhibition)and DM(leukocyte-depleted plus macropbage inhibition).The 20 cases of left lung transplantations were performed by the same surgeon.All procedures were identical,except that the donors in Group M and DM received the macrophage inhibitor gadolinium chloride(14 mg/kg)intravenously 24 h before operation,and that the recipients in Group D and DM underwent initial 10 min reperfusion with leukocyte-depleted blood collected from donors'inferior vena cava. All lung allografts were reperfused for 2 h.Results:Compared with Group D and C,macrophage inhibition ameliorated PO_2/FiO_2 and mean pulmonary arterial pressure(mPAP)consistently after 30 min reperfusion in Group M and DM;the parameters of lung reperfusion injury(malonaldehyde activity,wet/dry ratio)at 120 min after reperfusion were also significantly improved(P

Objective To assess the influence of community and hospital comprehensive Health management on quality of life in aged patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) after PCI.Methods 147 patients with CAD after PCI were divided into experimental group(72 cases) and control group (75 cases) accordance with their residential community.In control group,community health education was introduced.While in experimental group,hospital and community comprehensive healthy education lasted for one year.Before and after invention,major adverse cardiac events (MACE) was recorded and generic quality of life inventory (CQOLI-74),self-rating anxiety scale (SAS),and self-rating depression scale (SDS) were carried out on the basis of giving unite guiding words.Results The observation items of the SAS(34±6 vs41 ±7,t =2.714,P ＜0.01)and SDS(35 ±7 vs 41 ±8,t =2.572,P ＜0.05)scores in experimental group were lower than those in control group.Meanwhile the body health dimension(63 ± 12 vs 59 ±11,t =5.935,P ＜0.01 ),psychological health dimension(64 ± 14 vs 58 ± 13,t =6.116,P ＜0.01 ),social function dimension(64 ± 11 vs 58 ± 10,t =6.157,P ＜0.01 ) were higher than those in control group,but the difference of the material life dimension and the MACE rate were not statistically significant( P ＞0.05).Conclusions Community and Hospital comprehensive health management is a practical and valuable strategy for palliating the depression and anxiety and improving quality of life after PCI in aged patients.