The etiology of tumors is complex and influenced by multiple factors, including the host and environmental conditions. Allergy is primarily driven by the immune response of helper T cell 2 (Th2). Research has shown that the Th2 immune response is closely related to tumors, which is specifically manifested through Th2 antibodies, allergy-related effector cells and mediators within the tumors, as well as tumor immune-related functions. This internal interaction mechanism will increase the complexity and challenges associated with the clinical diagnosis and treatment of tumors and allergy. The formation of allergic constitution is shaped by both congenital and acquired factors, and its physical state is closely linked to the occurrence and progression of allergic diseases. Therefore, this paper aims to explore the relationship between tumors and allergic reactions from the perspective of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) constitution theory. Based on the four basic principles of the TCM constitution, including endowment inheritance theory, environment constraint theory, body-spirit composition theory, and life process theory, this exploration will focus on four aspects: genetic factors and internal disease causes, inflammatory environments and functional regulation, psychological disorders and emotional pathogenesis, as well as age structure and disease risk. Furthermore, from the perspective of constitution-disease relation of chronic disease prevention, this paper will discuss the significant importance of adjusting allergic constitution to improve both subjective symptoms and objective indicators of allergic reactions in tumor patients.

Objective : To investigate the mechanism of puerarin in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis(RA) by network pharmacology and animal experiments. Methods : Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmcolog Database(TCMSP) and SwissTargetPrediction database were used to collect puerarin targets, and the targets of RA were obtained from GeneCards database and OMIM database. The PPI network was established by Cytoscape 3.7.2 software. Gene ontology(GO) function and Kyotoencyclopedia of genes(KEGG) enrichment analysis were performed through the Metascape database. RA rat-collagen-induced arthritis(CIA) model was reproduced using type Ⅱ collagen emulsion, 49 Wistar rats were randomly assigned to seven groups: control group, CIA model group, low-dose, medium-dose and high-dose puerarin group, methotrexate group, Tripterysium Glycosides Tablets group. Except for the control group, the other groups were given continuous gavage for 28 days after the CIA in rats model were prepared. The redness and swelling of the joints and ankle joint pathological changes were observed in each group. Western blot was used to detect the expression of Glycogen synthase kinase3β(GSK-3β), beta-catenin(β-catenin) proteins in the synovium. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction(qPCR) was used to detect the expression of GSK-3β, β-catenin and c-Myc mRNA in the synovium. Results : Puerarin had 134 targets genes, RA had 5 821 target genes, and there were 102 overlapping target genes of puerarin and RA. It involved 184 signaling pathways, including JAK-STAT signaling pathway, NF-κB signaling pathway, Wnt signaling pathway, et al. The results of animal experiments showed that after the intervention of M-puerarin and MTX, the symptoms of redness and swelling of the hind foot were alleviated, the inflammatory cell infiltration in the synovium of the joint was significantly reduced, and the damage of cartilage and bone tissue was reduced. Compared with CIA group, the expressions of GSK-3β, β-catenin protein and GSK-3β, β-catenin and c-Myc mRNA in synovial tissue of rats after M-puerarin intervention decreased(P<0.05). Conclusion Puerarin has the characteristic of multi-components, multi-targets and multi-pathway intervention in RA. Puerarin may alleviate synovial hyperplasia, reduce articular cartilage erosion and bone destruction in CIA in rats by inhibiting Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.

This article reports 2 cases of urinary retention in Alzheimer's disease with agitation treated by acupuncture. Based on patients' clinical symptoms, the etiology and pathogenesis were determined, and acupuncture was applied to Baihui (GV20), Sishencong (EX-HN1), Shenting (GV24), and bilateral Ciliao (BL32), Zhongliao (BL33), Fengchi (GB20), Taiyang (EX-HN5), etc. to regulate the mind and promote water metabolism. The positive and negative electrodes of the SDZ-Ⅴ type electroacupuncture device were attached to ipsilateral Ciliao (BL32), Zhongliao (BL33) respectively, with continuous wave, at the frequency of 15 Hz, and the current of 3 to 10 mA, depending on patients' tolerance. The needles were retained for 20 min. The treatment was delivered once every other day, 3 interventions a week and 12 interventions as 1 course. Both patients reported the micturition desire after 1 intervention with acupuncture and the catheter was removed on the same day. The urination was ameliorated without dysuresia after 1-2 courses of treatment, and the agitated behavior was alleviated. It can be the reference for the clinical treatment of urinary retention in patients with Alzheimer's disease with agitation.
Humans ; Alzheimer Disease/psychology* ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Urinary Retention/etiology* ; Male ; Female ; Aged ; Acupuncture Points ; Psychomotor Agitation/complications*

PURPOSE: To compare the effects of empirical and modified hemostatic resuscitation for liver blast injury combined with seawater immersion. METHODS: Thirty rabbits were subjected to liver blast injury combined with seawater immersion, and were then divided into 3 groups randomly (n = 10 each): group A (no treatment after immersion), group B (empirical resuscitation with 20 mL hydroxyethyl starch, 50 mg tranexamic acid, 25 IU prothrombin complex concentrate and 50 mg/kg body weight fibrinogen concentrate), and group C (modified resuscitation with additional 10 IU prothrombin complex concentrate and 20 mg/kg body weight fibrinogen concentrate based on group B). Blood samples were gathered at specified moments for assessment of thromboelastography, routine coagulation test, and biochemistry. Mean arterial pressure, heart rate, and survival rate were also documented at each time point. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used to examine the normality of data distribution. Multigroup comparisons were conducted with one-way ANOVA. RESULTS: Liver blast injury combined with seawater immersion resulted in severe coagulo-fibrinolytic derangement as indicated by prolonged prothrombin time (s) (11.53 ± 0.98 vs. 7.61 ± 0.28, p＜0.001), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) (s) (33.48 ± 6.66 vs. 18.23 ± 0.89, p＜0.001), reaction time (R) (min) (5.85 ± 0.96 vs. 2.47 ± 0.53, p＜0.001), decreased maximum amplitude (MA) (mm) (53.20 ± 5.99 vs. 74.92 ± 5.76, p＜0.001) and fibrinogen concentration (g/L) (1.19 ± 0.29 vs. 1.89 ± 0.32, p = 0.003), and increased D-dimer concentration (mg/L) (0.38 ± 0.32 vs. 0.05 ± 0.03, p = 0.005). Both empirical and modified hemostatic resuscitation could improve the coagulo-fibrinolytic states and organ function, as indicated by shortened APTT and R values, decreased D-dimer concentration, increased fibrinogen concentration and MA values, lower concentration of blood urea nitrogen and creatine kinase-MB in group B and group C rabbits in comparison to that observed in group A. Further analysis found that the R values (min) (4.67 ± 0.84 vs. 3.66 ± 0.98, p = 0.038), APTT (s) (23.16 ± 2.75 vs. 18.94 ± 1.05, p = 0.001), MA (mm) (60.10 ± 4.74 vs. 70.21 ± 3.01, p < 0.001), and fibrinogen concentration (g/L) (1.68 ± 0.21 vs. 1.94 ± 0.16, p = 0.013) were remarkably improved in group C than in group B at 2 h and 4 h after injury. In addition, the concentration of blood urea nitrogen (mmol/L) (24.11 ± 1.96 vs. 21.00 ± 3.78, p = 0.047) and creatine kinase-MB (U/L) (85.50 ± 13.60 vs. 69.74 ± 8.56, p = 0.013) were lower in group C than in group B at 6 h after injury. The survival rates in group B and group C were significantly higher than those in group A at 4 h and 6 h after injury (p < 0.001), however, there were no statistical differences in survival rates between group B and group C at each time point. CONCLUSIONS Modified hemostatic resuscitation could improve the coagulation parameters and organ function better than empirical hemostatic resuscitation.
Animals ; Rabbits ; Resuscitation/methods* ; Liver/injuries* ; Seawater ; Blast Injuries/therapy* ; Fibrinogen/administration & dosage* ; Male ; Tranexamic Acid/administration & dosage* ; Immersion ; Hydroxyethyl Starch Derivatives/administration & dosage*

PURPOSE: To construct a decision-making app for pre-hospital damage control resuscitation (PHDCR) for severely injured patients, and to make a preliminary trial test on the effectiveness and usability aspects of the constructed app. METHODS: Decision-making algorithms were first established by a thorough literature review, and were then used to be learned by computer with 3 kinds of text segmentation algorithms, i.e., dictionary-based segmentation, machine learning algorithms based on labeling, and deep learning algorithms based on understanding. B/S architecture mode and Spring Boot were used as a framework to construct the app. A total of 16 Grade-5 medical students were recruited to test the effectiveness and usability aspects of the app by using an animal model-based test on simulated PHDCR. Twelve adult Bama miniature pigs were subjected to penetrating abdominal injuries and were randomly assigned to the 16 students, who were randomly divided into 2 groups (n = 8 each): group A (decided on PHDCR by themselves) and group B (decided on PHDCR with the aid of the app). The students were asked to complete the PHDCR within 1 h, and then blood samples were taken and thromboelastography, routine coagulation test, blood cell count, and blood gas analysis were examined. The lab examination results along with the value of mean arterial pressure were used to compare the resuscitation effects between the 2 groups. Furthermore, a 4-statement-based post-test survey on a 5-point Likert scale was performed in group B students to test the usability aspects of the constructed app. RESULTS: With the above 3 kinds of text segmentation algorithm, B/S architecture mode, and Spring Boot as the development framework, the decision-making app for PHDCR was successfully constructed. The time to decide PHDCR was (28.8 ± 3.41) sec in group B, much shorter than that in group A (87.5 ± 8.53) sec (p < 0.001). The outcomes of animals treated by group B students were much better than that by group A students as indicated by higher mean arterial pressure, oxygen saturation and fibrinogen concentration and maximum amplitude, and lower R values in group B than those in group A. The post-test survey revealed that group B students gave a mean score of no less than 4 for all 4 statements. CONCLUSION A decision-making app for PHDCR was constructed in the present study and the preliminary trial test revealed that it could help to improve the resuscitation effect in animal models of penetrating abdominal injury.
Animals ; Swine ; Resuscitation/methods* ; Mobile Applications ; Humans ; Algorithms ; Emergency Medical Services/methods* ; Male ; Decision Making ; Female

Objective:The clinical significance of aural fullness in patients with vestibular migraine（VM） remains unclear, and it is yet to be determined whether VM with aural fullness represents a distinct subtype of VM; this study aimed to compare differences in demographic characteristics, clinical manifestations, audiological findings, and vestibular function tests between VM patients with and without aural fullness, and explore whether the former is a subtype of VM and whether it requires differentiated treatment. Methods:A total of 174 VM patients were enrolled, including 75 with aural fullness（aural fullness group） and 99 without aural fullness（non-aural fullness group）; demographic data, vertigo characteristics, medical history, family history, pure-tone audiometry, and vestibular function tests were thoroughly recorded, and independent samples t-test and chi-square test were used for inter-group comparisons. Results:①Regarding demographic characteristics, the age of the aural fullness group was significantly lower than that of the non-aural fullness group[（44.08±13.97） years vs. （49.45±16.05） years, P=0.020）, while the two groups showed consistent gender distribution（more females than males） with no statistically significant difference. ②For aural fullness characteristics, unilateral aural fullness accounted for 65.0% in the aural fullness group, significantly higher than bilateral aural fullness（35.0%, P<0.001）. ③In terms of vertigo characteristics, there were no statistically significant inter-group differences in the nature of attacks（rotational vertigo: 36.0% vs. 41.4%, P=0.463; dizziness: 21.3% vs. 11.1%, P=0.064; rotational vertigo or dizziness: 29.3% vs. 25.3%, P=0.548; dizziness with unsteady gait: 9.3% vs. 11.1%, Fisher P=0.806; visual oscillation with unsteady gait: 4.0% vs. 11.1%, Fisher P=0.086）, duration（several hours: 34.7% vs. 33.3%, P=0.841; several minutes: 22.7% vs. 21.2%, P=0.808; several seconds: 5.3% vs. 8.1%, Fisher P=0.557; several days: 9.3% vs. 9.1%, Fisher P=1.000; multiple combined patterns: 17.3% vs. 15.2%, P=0.686）, or incidence of nausea and vomiting（84.0% vs. 72.7%, P=0.071, no statistical significance）. ④No statistically significant inter-group differences were found in medical history and family history, including motion sickness history（8.0% vs. 4.0%, Fisher P=0.337）, headache history（22.7% vs. 34.3%, P=0.084）, and family history of dizziness（12.0% vs. 14.1%, P=0.666）. ⑤For audiological characteristics, 21.3%（16/75） of patients in the aural fullness group had low-frequency hearing loss, significantly higher than 5.1% in the non-aural fullness group（χ²=10.66, P=0.001）; among patients with unilateral aural fullness, 28.6%（14/49） had ipsilateral low-frequency hearing loss, significantly higher than 7.7%（2/26） of those with bilateral aural fullness（χ²=4.41, P=0.036）; however, there was no statistically significant difference in the rate of bilateral high-frequency hearing loss between the two groups（54.7%[41/75]vs. 50.5%[50/99], χ²=0.30, P=0.586）. ⑥In vestibular function tests, no statistically significant inter-group differences were observed in smooth pursuit type Ⅲ/Ⅳ（12.5% vs. 13.1%, P=0.913）, caloric test with CP>25%（31.2% vs. 37.4%, P=0.411）, abnormal video head impulse test（vHIT） rate（30.8% vs. 32.6%, P=0.865）, or abnormal vestibular evoked myogenic potential（VEMP） rate（53.8% vs. 38.9%, Fisher P=0.484）. Conclusion:VM patients with aural fullness have an earlier age of onset, with nearly 1/4 accompanied by low-frequency hearing loss; VM patients with and without aural fullness are highly consistent in gender distribution, nature/duration of vertigo, vestibular function impairment, and presence of bilateral high-frequency hearing loss, suggesting that the core clinical phenotypes of the two groups are consistent, while the former has an earlier age of onset and a higher proportion of unilateral hearing loss, which may be related to the pathological mechanism of VM and inner ear microcirculation disorders.
Humans ; Female ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Adult ; Migraine Disorders/classification* ; Young Adult ; Vertigo ; Age of Onset ; Aged ; Hearing Loss

OBJECTIVE: Huachansu injection (HCSI), a promising anti-cancer Chinese medicine injection, has been reported to have the potential for reducing the toxicity of chemotherapy and improving the quality of life for colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. The objective of this study is to explore the synergistic and detoxifying effects of HCSI when used in combination with irinotecan (CPT-11). METHODS: To investigate the effect of HCSI on anti-CRC efficacy and intestinal toxicity of CPT-11, we measured changes in the biological behavior of LoVo cells in vitro, and anti-tumor effects in LoVo cell xenograft nude mice models in vivo. Meanwhile, the effect of HCSI on intestinal toxicity and the uridine diphosphate-glucuronosyltransferase 1A1 (UGT1A1) expression was investigated in the CPT-11-induced colitis mouse model. Subsequently, we measured the effect of HCSI and its 13 constituent bufadienolides on the expression of UGT1A1 and organic anion transporting polypeptides 1B3 (OATP1B3) in HepG2 cells. RESULTS: The combination index (CI) results showed that the combination of HCSI and CPT-11 exhibited a synergistic effect (CI < 1), which significantly suppressing the LoVo cell migration, enhancing G2/M and S phase arrest, and inhibiting tumor growth in vivo. Additionally, the damage to intestinal tissues was attenuated by HCSI in CPT-11-induced colitis model, while the increased expression of UGT1A1 in HepG2 cells and in mouse was observed. CONCLUSION The co-therapy with HCSI alleviated the intestinal toxicity induced by CPT-11 and exerted an enhanced anti-CRC effect. The detoxifying mechanism may be related to the increased expression of UGT1A1 and OATP1B3 by HCSI and its bufadienolides components. The findings of this study may serve as a theoretical insights and strategies to improve CRC patient outcomes. Please cite this article as: Jiang B, Meng ZY, Hu YJ, Chen JJ, Zong L, Xu LY, Zhang XQ, Zhang JX, Han YL. Huachansu injection enhances anti-colorectal cancer efficacy of irinotecan and alleviates its induced intestinal toxicity through upregulating UGT1A1-OATP1B3 expression in vitro and in vivo. J Integr Med. 2025; 23(5):576-590.
Irinotecan/therapeutic use* ; Animals ; Glucuronosyltransferase/genetics* ; Humans ; Colorectal Neoplasms/metabolism* ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/therapeutic use* ; Mice, Nude ; Mice ; Up-Regulation/drug effects* ; Male ; Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Hep G2 Cells ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Intestines/drug effects* ; Amphibian Venoms

BACKGROUND: Periodontitis is a severe chronic inflammatory disease, whose traditional systemic antimicrobial therapy faces great limitations. In-situ gels provide an effective solution as an emerging local drug delivery system. METHODS: In this study, the novel thermosensitive poloxamer/carbopol in-situ gels loaded with 20 lmol/L quercetin for the treatment of periodontitis were prepared by cold method. Thirteen batches of in-situ gels based on two independent factors (X1 : poloxamer 407 and X2 : carbopol 934P) were designed and optimized by the statistical method of central composite design (CCD). The transparency, pH, injectability, viscosity, gelation temperature, gelation time, elasticity modulus, degradation rate and in-vitro drug release studies of the batches were evaluated, and the percentage of drug release in the first hour, the time required for 90% drug release, gelation temperature, and gelation time were selected as dependent variables. RESULTS: These two independent factors significantly affected the four dependent variables (p < 0.05). The optimization result displayed that the optimized concentration of poloxamer 407 was 20.84% (w/v), and carbopol 934P was 0.5% (w/v). The optimized formulation showed a clear appearance (++), acceptable injectability (Pass), viscosity(151,798 mPa s), gelation temperature (36 °C), gelation time (213 s), preferable cell viability and cell proliferation, conformed to first-order release kinetics, and had a significant antibacterial effect. CONCLUSIONS The article demonstrates the great potential of the quercetin in-situ gel as an effective treatment for periodontitis.

BACKGROUND: Periodontitis is a severe chronic inflammatory disease, whose traditional systemic antimicrobial therapy faces great limitations. In-situ gels provide an effective solution as an emerging local drug delivery system. METHODS: In this study, the novel thermosensitive poloxamer/carbopol in-situ gels loaded with 20 lmol/L quercetin for the treatment of periodontitis were prepared by cold method. Thirteen batches of in-situ gels based on two independent factors (X1 : poloxamer 407 and X2 : carbopol 934P) were designed and optimized by the statistical method of central composite design (CCD). The transparency, pH, injectability, viscosity, gelation temperature, gelation time, elasticity modulus, degradation rate and in-vitro drug release studies of the batches were evaluated, and the percentage of drug release in the first hour, the time required for 90% drug release, gelation temperature, and gelation time were selected as dependent variables. RESULTS: These two independent factors significantly affected the four dependent variables (p < 0.05). The optimization result displayed that the optimized concentration of poloxamer 407 was 20.84% (w/v), and carbopol 934P was 0.5% (w/v). The optimized formulation showed a clear appearance (++), acceptable injectability (Pass), viscosity(151,798 mPa s), gelation temperature (36 °C), gelation time (213 s), preferable cell viability and cell proliferation, conformed to first-order release kinetics, and had a significant antibacterial effect. CONCLUSIONS The article demonstrates the great potential of the quercetin in-situ gel as an effective treatment for periodontitis.

BACKGROUND: Periodontitis is a severe chronic inflammatory disease, whose traditional systemic antimicrobial therapy faces great limitations. In-situ gels provide an effective solution as an emerging local drug delivery system. METHODS: In this study, the novel thermosensitive poloxamer/carbopol in-situ gels loaded with 20 lmol/L quercetin for the treatment of periodontitis were prepared by cold method. Thirteen batches of in-situ gels based on two independent factors (X1 : poloxamer 407 and X2 : carbopol 934P) were designed and optimized by the statistical method of central composite design (CCD). The transparency, pH, injectability, viscosity, gelation temperature, gelation time, elasticity modulus, degradation rate and in-vitro drug release studies of the batches were evaluated, and the percentage of drug release in the first hour, the time required for 90% drug release, gelation temperature, and gelation time were selected as dependent variables. RESULTS: These two independent factors significantly affected the four dependent variables (p < 0.05). The optimization result displayed that the optimized concentration of poloxamer 407 was 20.84% (w/v), and carbopol 934P was 0.5% (w/v). The optimized formulation showed a clear appearance (++), acceptable injectability (Pass), viscosity(151,798 mPa s), gelation temperature (36 °C), gelation time (213 s), preferable cell viability and cell proliferation, conformed to first-order release kinetics, and had a significant antibacterial effect. CONCLUSIONS The article demonstrates the great potential of the quercetin in-situ gel as an effective treatment for periodontitis.