1.Susceptibility Profiles of Bacterial Pathogens Causing Community-Acquired Urinary Tract Infections
Salman Sahab Atshan ; Zohier B Salah ; Khalid Jameel Kadhim Al-Zihirye ; Alreshidi Mateg Alif ; Rukman Awang Hamat
Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences 2021;17(No.4):3-7
Introduction: Uncontrolled empirical treatment of urinary tract infections (UTIs) has negative aspect on predicting
the emergence of antimicrobial resistance and knowledge of those patterns has become extremely important
from time to time. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to check the prevalence and resistance patterns of
uropathogens in the community acquired UTIs. Methods: A total of 7132 urine samples were combined from male
3131 (43.9%) and female 4001 (56.1%) outpatients suspected of having UTIs, respectively over a three-year period
and cultured on routine culture media. The bacteria have been identified using basic biochemical tests, and sensitivity
to various antibiotics was determined by the method of disk diffusion. Results: Of 7132 urine samples 797
(11.2%) yielded significant uropathogens. Among the bacterial species, Escherichia coli was the major causative
agent of UTIs for both gender (63.7%), followed by Klebsiella spp (20.8%), Enterococcus faecalis (5.3%), Pseudomonas
spp (4.1%), Proteus spp (3.1%), Enterobacter spp (1.5%), Candida albicans (0.6%), Staphylococcus saprophyticus
(0.5%), Providencia spp (0.1%) and Staphylococcus aureus (0.1%). The antibacterial sensitivity testing
for E. coli, to commonly used antibiotics were showed variable resistant as follows: Ampicilln (78%), Amoxicillin
(71%), trimethoprim sulfamethoxazole (42%), Amox/clav. (14%) gentamicin (20%), nitrofurantoin (11%), nalidixic
acid (22%), ciprofloxacin (20%), Imipenem (16%),Ceftazidim (26%),Cefotaxim (25%),Ceftriaxon (21%),Cefuroxim
(33%). Conclusions: The findings showed that antimicrobial resistance patterns of uropathogens in variable, and
continuous monitoring of resistance patterns by using of antibiotic susceptibility testing in the laboratory is the most
appropriate to treat UTIs rather than the choice of UTIs empirical treatment.