Objective To study the biologic characteristics of the new qnr gene subtype and multi-drug resistant mechanism in a clinical isolate of Klebsiella oxytoca.Methods We cloned and expressed the qnr gene,?-lactamase and integrase genes were detected by PCR.Results Susceptibility of transformant containing qnr gene against common fluoroquinolones was 3~25 times lower than recipient stain,but drug-resistance was 4~256 times lower than the clinical isolate.KLUC-1,TEM-1 and OXA-30 genes were also found in the isolate.Conclusions qnr gene can raise the drug-resistance to fluoroquinolones slightly. There are multiple drug-resistant genes in the strain containing the qnr gene.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the prevalence of meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus (MRS) isolates in Staphylococcus auricularis and S. hominis and detect their drug resistance. METHODS MRS isolates were detected by cefoxitin disc test and susceptibilities were tested by agar dilution method. RESULTS 94.7% and 91.7% MRS isolates were in S. auricularis and S. hominis. MRS strains were resistant to most of antimicrobial agents. There were no isolates resistant to vancomycin and teicoplanin. CONCLUSIONS MRS isolates are highly prevalent in S. auricularis and S. hominis with resistance to most of antimicrobial agents.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the prevalence of meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus haemolyticus(MRSH)and resistance in S.haemolyticus isolates. METHODS MRSH was detected by cefoxitin disc test and susceptibilities were tested by agar dilution method. RESULTS There were 86.4% of MRSH isolates.MRSH was highly resistant to penicillin,cefazolin,cefuroxime,ceftriaxone,tetracycline,ciprofloxacin,and clindamycin.The resistance rate to amikacin,rifampicine and chloramphenicol was 16.9%,11.2% and 28.1%,respectively.All isolates were susceptible to vancomycin and teicoplanin.Except for tetracycline,amikacin,rifampicin,and chloramphenicol,the resistant rate to other antimicrobial agents was significantly higher in MRSH than in MSSH. CONCLUSIONS MRSH is mostly occupied in S.haemolyticus isolates and resistant to most of antimicrobial agents.More attention should be paid to survey and detect these strains.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the prevalence of extended-spectrum ?-lactamases(ESBLs) and the resistance in Escherichia coli isolates from biliary tract and abdominal cavity.METHODS ESBLs-producers were detected by CLSI Phenotypic Confirmatory Test and susceptibilities were tested by agar dilution method.RESULTS 50.1% Of isolates were ESBLs producers in those isolates.ESBLs producers were highly resistant to ampicillin,cefazolin,cefuroxime,fluoroquinolones,and cefotaxime.The resistant rate to ceftazidime,cefepime,cefoperazone-sulbactam,amikacin,and cefmetazole was less than 40%.None was resistant to meropenem in ESBLs producers.In non-ESBLs producers the resistant rate to ampicillin,cefazolin,cefuroxime,fluoroquinolones was more than 40% and most were susceptible to other antimicrobial agents.The resistant rate to ampicillin,cefazolin,cefuroxime,and ciprofloxacin was significantly higher in ESBLs producers than non-ESBLs producers.CONCLUSIONS With resistance to most of antimicrobial agents,ESBLs-producers were highly prevalent in E.coli isolates from biliary tract and abdominal cavity,so more attention should be paid to survey and detect those strains.

砄bjective:To investigate the expression of plasminogen activator inhibitor 1(PAI 1) in oral and maxillofacial tumors and the relationship between PAI 1 and pathological parameters.Methods:Chromogenic substrate assay was used to determine PAI 1 level in tumor tissues and ELISA was used to detect the concentration of PAI 1 in tissue extracts in 30 cases of malignant tumors and 10 of benign tumors in oral and maxillofacial area.Results:Higher level and concentration of PAI 1 were found in malignant tumors than in tumor adjacent tissues or benign tumors ( P

OBJECTIVE To investigate pathogens and their resistance in infective endocarditis patients.METHODS Pathogens and their resistance were detected by MicroScan WalkAway-40 system.RESULTS Most of pathogens were Streptococcus pyogenes and Staphylococcus.The resistant rate of S.pyogenes to tetracycline,erythromycin,ampicillin,penicillin,gentamicin and chloramphenicol was 78.6%,42.9%,14.3%,0,0 and 0,respectively.Four were MRS in 10 Staphylococcus isolates and they were resistant to most antimicrobial agents except vancomycin and higher than MSS.CONCLUSIONS Most of pathogens are S.pyogenes and Staphylococcus in infective endocarditis patients;most S.pyogenes isolates are resistant to tetracycline,erythromycin,but susceptible to penicillins;MRS are resistant to most of antimicrobial agents except vancomycin.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the genotypes of meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA)and its resistance.METHODS A total of 73 MRSA clinical isolates were collected in Anhui Province,MIC of sixteen different antibacterial agents against the isolates were determined by agar dilution method.PCR amplified the mec associated hypervariable region(HVR)of MRSA,and the genotypes were classified based on the fragments of amplified products.The correlation of genotypes and antimicrobial resistance was analyzed.RESULTS Seventy three strains of MRSA from Anhui Province were grouped into A,B and C genotypes based on HVR polymorphism,and respectively 17.8%,23.3%,and 58.8%.All strains were sensitive to vancomycin.CONCLUSIONS MRSA is multi-drug resistant and can be divided into 3 genotypes based on the HVR PCR amplified products.HVR PCR method is a rapid and convenient method for molecular epidemiology study of MRSA infections.

OBJECTIVE:To optimize the extraction technology of polysaccharides from antlion and explore its effect on im-mune functions of mice. METHODS:Using content of polysaccharides as investigation index,the effects of extracting polysaccha-rides from antlion by water extraction method protease hydrolysis extraction(optimized by orthogonal test using extraction tempera-ture,enzyme dosage,extraction time as indexes),and diluted alkali extraction(optimized by orthogonal test using alkali concentra-tion,extraction temperature,extraction time as indexes)were compared. 128 KM mice were randomly divided into 4 groups,then randomly divided into control group(normal saline),polysaccharides low-dose,medium-dose,high-dose groups(20,40,80 mg/kg),8 in each group,iv in tail vein,0.2 mL/10 g,once a day,for 1 week,which were respectively used to determine the phago-cytosis percentage and phagocytic index of peritoneal macrophages,spleen and thymus index,lymphocyte transformation rate and serum hemolysin levels. RESULTS:The contents of polysaccharides by 3 methods were 14.48%,38.66%,30.62%,respectively. The content of polysaccharides by protease hydrolysis extraction was the highest,the optimal extraction technology were as follows as using 100 μg/g papain extracting 3 h under 40 ℃. Compared with control group,phagocytosis percentage,phagocytic index, spleen index in polysaccharides low-dose,medium-dose,high-dose groups were significantly increased (P<0.05),thymus index was significantly decreased(P<0.05),while lymphocyte transformation rate had no significant changes(P>0.05);serum hemoly-sin in polysaccharides medium-dose group was significantly increased (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Protease hydrolysis extraction is suitable for the extraction of polysaccharides from antlion,the optimal technology is reliable. Polysaccharides from antlion show activity in enhancing mice non-specific immunity and humoral immunity.

OBJECTIVE: To systematically review the efficacy and safety of taxane, cisplatin, and fluorouracil (Tax-PF) as induction chemotherapy for advanced head and neck cancer. METHOD: Literature about the efficacy and safety of Taxane-cisplatin-fluorouracil as induction chemotherapy for advanced head and neck cancer was retrieved from digital databases of PubMed, Embase, SpringerLink, MEDLINE and the Cochrane Library before February 2015. Data extraction and quality assessment of included studies were conducted by two reviewers independently. Stata 13.0 was then used to perform Meta-analysis. RESULT: A total 7 randomized controlled trials involving 2,702 were included. The 3-year OS rate [HR = 1.14, 95% CI (1.03, 1.25), P < 0.01], 3-year PFS rate [HR = 1.24, 95% CI (1.08, 1.43), P < 0.01], 5-year OS rate [HR = 1.30, 95% CI (1.09, 1. 55), P < 0. 01], 5-year PFS rate [HR = 1.39, 95% CI (1.14, 1.70), P < 0.01] and ORR to chemotherapy [OR = 1.66, 95% CI (1.35, 2.05), P < 0.01] of the patients in the Tax-PF group were statistically superior to those in the PF group. In terms of toxicities, the incidence of febrile neutropenia [OR = 2.36, 95% CI (1.62, 3.46), P < 0.01], alopecia [OR = 8.22, 95% CI (3.99, 16.92), P < 0.01], diarrhea [OR = 1.57, 95% CI (1.05, 2.36), P< 0.05] and leucopenia [OR = 2.79, 95% CI (1.86, 4.21), P < 0.01] was higher in the Tax-PF group than that in the PF group. CONCLUSION The Tax-PF induction chemotherapy improved PFS and OS, and the ORR was better as compared to PF-based therapy regimens at the cost of a higher incidence of adverse events.
Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; therapeutic use ; Bridged-Ring Compounds ; therapeutic use ; Cisplatin ; therapeutic use ; Fluorouracil ; therapeutic use ; Head and Neck Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Induction Chemotherapy ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic ; Taxoids ; therapeutic use

Small RNAs(sRNAs) play a significant role in the regulation of bacterial growth.When sensing certain environmental cues such as fluctuation of nutrient concentration, temperature, pH, and osmolarity, sRNAs can influence the expression of target genes.The formation of biofilms is initiated by bacteria transitioning from the planktonic to the surface-associated mode of growth, which is a self-produced extracellular matrix composed of proteins, polysaccharides, and DNA.Recent evidences have shown that small RNA plays an important role in the regulation of bacterial biofilm formation.sRNAs have key roles in biofilm formation process by base pairing with target mRNAs or interaction with modulating proteins.This review discussed the regulation mechanism and pathway of sRNAs in bacterial biofilms formation, and summarized three classical regulatory models of sRNAs in bacterial biofilms formation, this review also gives the research status and development direction of sRNAs in bacterial biofilms formation.