AIM:To establish the quality standard for Xianglian Zhixie Capsule(Radix Aucklandiae,Rhizoma Coptidis).METHODS:Radix Aucklandiae,Rhizoma Coptidis of Xianglian Zhixie Capsule were identified by TLC.Dehydro-costunolide,costunolide were determined by HPLC together.RESULTS:The characteristic identification by TLC was distinct and highly specific.The quantitative evaluation of dehydro-costunolide had the linear range of 0.217 4-2.174 ?g(r=0.999 9,n=6),the average recovery was 96.25%(RSD=1.37%,n=6).The quantitative evaluation of costunolide had the linear range of 0.199 2-1.992 ?g(r=0.999 3,n=6),the average recovery was 101.77%(RSD=1.23%,n=6).CONCLUSION:The method is reliable,accurate and specific.It can be used for quality control of Xianglian Zhixie Capsule.

AIM:To stuudy the relationship of the constituents of Erxiang Zhitong Capsule(Rhizoma alpiniae officinarum,Rhizoma cyperi and Radix aucklandiae) and its pharmacodynamics.METHODS:The use of supercritical CO_2 fluid extraction as extraction for three herbs acted as experimental materials.The preparation composed of Rhizoma Alpiniae officinarum extract,Rhizoma Cyperi extract;Radix Aucklandiae extract(3∶3∶2) had obviously antiulcerative,antispasmodic and anti-inflammatory analgesic effects.CONCLUSION: From view of pharmacodynamics view,we gain ratio of components of Erxiang Zhitong Capsule better than that of classical prescription.

Objective To establish the quality standard for Qingxin Anshen Soft Capsules. Methods Rhizoma Coptidis and Cortex Cinnamomi in Qingxin Anshen Soft Capsules were identified by TLC. Berberine hydrochloride and cinnamaldehyde were determined by HPLC. Results The characteristic identification by TLC was distinct and highly specific. The results of quantitative evaluation showed that berberine hydrochloride had the linear range of 0.6412 ?g～6.412 ?g(r=0.999 7,n=7),and the average recovery was 97.57 %(RSD=0.81,n=6);cinnamaldehyde had the linear range of 0.2148 ?g～2.148 ?g(r=0.999 8,n=7),and the average recovery was 97.70 %(RSD=0.88,n=6). Conclusion The method is reliable,accurate and specific. It can be used for the quality control of Qingxin Anshen Soft Capsules.

Objective To construct the small interfering RNA (siRNA) eukaryotic expression vector specific to human MGMT gene(pRNATin-H1.2/Neo MGMT siRNA) to observe its silencing effect on MGMT gene in vitro.Methods The pRNATin-H1.2/Neo MGMT siRNA expression vector was constructed by gene recombination,then transfected into the cultured HelaS3 cells.Inhibitory effect of siRNAs was detected by semi-quantitative RT-PCR.Results The pRNATin-H1.2/Neo MGMT siRNA expression vector was successfully constructed.Cells transfected with pRNATin-H1.2/Neo MGMT siRNA could obviously inhibit the expression level of MGMT gene.Conclusion The pRNATin-H1.2/Neo MGMT siRNA expression vector could inhibit the MGMT gene expression.

Background Package and tissue patch implantation are common methods for repair of filtering bleb leaking after anti-glaucoma surgery.But the scarring or re-leakage of filtering bleb probably occur again.Objective This study was to investigate the repair effect of acellular dermal matrix (ADM) on filtering bleb leaking in rabbit model and compare the effectiveness among ADM,amniotic membrane and conjunctival overlap.Methods Trabeculectomy was performed on 48 eyes of 24 New Zealand rabbits,and models of filtering bleb leaking were established.The models were randomized into ADM group,amniotic membrane group and conjunctival covering group based on randomized number table.ADM patches with 4 mm×4 mm were implanted across lamellar cornea and sclera at a bridge in the ADM group,and the same size of amniotic membranes were used in the amniotic membrane group,and conjunctiva was sutured to limbus in the conjunctiva overlap group.The intraocular pressure (IOP) was measured before surgery and 1 day,1 week,1 month,3 months and 6 months after surgery.The biocompatibility of materials above was assessed under the slit lamp microscope,and the status of filtering bleb was evaluated and compared with anterior segment optical coherent tomography (AS-OCT) 1 day,1 week,1 month,3 months and 6 months after surgery.Results Before surgery and 1 day,1 week,1 month,3 months and 6 months after surgery,the IOP was (26.9±4.3),(16.6±5.1),(22.1 ±6.2),(18.3±6.5),(22.7±2.5),(23.4±1.4) mmHg in the AMD group,(29.9±5.4),(14.9 ± 6.4),(21.6 ± 7.8),(26.3 ± 4.1),(26.0 ± 4.2) and (23.0 ± 5.3) mmHg in the amniotic membrane group,and (28.7 ±4.3),(15.7 ±7.0),(22.0±6.3),(28.2±4.1),(24.7 ±4.1),(23.0±2.7) mmHg in the conjunctival overlap group,showing significant differences among different groups and various time points (Fgroup =8.419,P=0.011 ;Ftme =15.543,P=0.000).The IOPs were significantly lower from 1 day through 3 months after operation than those before operation in the AMD group (P =0.000,0.000,0.006,0.045) ; while the IOPs were reduced only from 1 day through 1 week after operation in comparison with before operation in the amniotic membrane group and the conjunctival overlap group (P =0.000,0.001).One month after surgery,the IOPs were significantly declined in the ADM group compared with the amniotic membrane group and the conjunctival overlap group (P =0.001,0.000).The grafts were clear under the slit lamp microscope and exhibited the valid filtering bleb until 3 months after operation under the AS-OCT in the ADM group.However,the valid filtering bleb remained only 1 month after surgery in the amniotic membrane group and the conjunctival overlap group.Neovascularization on the filtering bleb was found 3 months in the AMD group but 1 month in the amniotic membrane group and the conjunctival overlap group.Conclusions Compared with amniotic membrane and conjunctival tissue,ADM patch for the repair of filtering bleb leakage can increase the survival duration of filtering bleb and remain lower IOP.

Objective:To collect the imaging data and related materials of the patients with in-stent restenosis (ISR)after coronary artery stent operation with intravascular ultrasound (IVUS),and to analyze the risk factors of ISR,and to propose the reasonable intervention strategies.Methods:Fifty patients with ISR were divided into ISR ≤ 50% drug group (n = 14 )and ISR > 50% drug group (n = 36),including drug-coated balloon therapy group (n=16)and stent treatment group (n=20);IVUS virtual organization technology was used to compare the plaque area,location,tissue composition,thrombus and other factors of the patients in various groups after treatment;the data changes after 6 months of follow-up were analyzed.Results:The IVUS results showed the plaque areas and plaque loads of the ISR patients treated with intervention were significantly reduced compared with before operation (P <0.05);the plaque compression degree of the patients in drug-coated balloon therapy group was lower than that in stent treatment group (P <0.05),but the differences were not found between drug-coated balloon therapy group and stent treatment group in fibrous tissue components and calcified tissue proportion (P >0.05).Conclusion:The ISR rate is higher in the patients with high degree of fiber components,plaque composition heterogeneity and distribution of diffuse tortuous and calcified lesions.ISR has no significant correlation with the plaque wall thickness and lipid content and plaque instability and necrotic tissue proportion.

Background and purpose:Suppression of apoptotic signaling pathways is an important factor in tumor cell resistance. Research on cell apoptosis will open up a new way of reversing drug resistance and tumor treatment. This study examined the effects of a novel naphthalimide derivative 8c on multidrug resistant colon cancer HCT116/L-OHP cells and explored the molecular mechanisms underlying the apoptosis induction. Methods: The anti-proliferative effects of 8c were detected by CCK-8 assays and the effects on apoptosis induction were examined by lfow cytometry. The mRNA expression levels of p53, Bax and Bcl-2 were measured by real-time PCR;The protein expressions of p-p53, Bax, Bcl-2 and Cyt-c were detected by Western blot. Results:8c (IC50=8.16 μmol/L) seemed to be more potent than amonaifde (IC50=28.37 μmol/L) against HCT116/L-OHP cells. 8c induced apoptosis on HCT116/L-OHP cell lines through intrinsic or mitochondria dependent pathway. The protein expression of phosphorylation of p53 at Ser-15 was increased, but the mRNA level of p53 did not increase in HCT116/L-OHP cells. Bax protein and mRNA levels were signiifcantly increased, and Bcl-2 protein and mRNA levels were decreased, suggesting an increase of Bax/Bcl-2 ratios. Meanwhile, 8c induced a substantial release of cytochrome c from the mitochondria into the cytosol in HCT116/L-OHP cells. Conclusion: 8c induced cell death signal by inducing the activation p53 phosphorylation which subsequently activated related protein expressions of apoptotic pathway, which may be an important mechanism of 8c on inhibiting proliferation of HCT116/L-OHP resistant cells. All the results suggested that 8c was a potent compound to be developed as an anti-tumor and anti-resistance agent for clinic application in the future.

ObjectiveTo investigate the value of MR diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) of optic nerve in the estimation of optic nerve changes of primary chronic angle-closure glaucoma (PCACG).Methods Twenty-five patients with PCACG including monocular involvement in 4 patients and binocular involvement in 21 patients and involving 46 eyes in which 24 right eyes and 22 1eft eyes,and 20 normal volunteers were enrolled.Conventional MRI and DTI were performed on all subjects using Magnetom Tim 3.0 T MRI.Fractional anisotropy( FA),mean diffusivity ( MD),axial diffusivities ( λ ∥ ) and radial diffusivities ( λ ⊥ )were measured and then compared between patients group and control group and between left eyes and right eyes.Two independent samples t-test and paired t-test were used.ResultsOn conventional MRI,thinner optic nerve with vaginal cavity widened slightly was found in 8 optic nerves of 6 patients.The value of FA,λ∥,λ⊥ and MD of 24 right optic nerves in patient group was(0.27 ± 0.09) × 10-3,(2.30 ±0.26) × 10 - 3,( 1.55 ± 0.35 ) × 10 - 3,and ( 1.80 ± 0.31 ) × 10 - 3 mm2/s respectively and that of 22 left optic nerves was (0.24 ± 0.09) × 10-3,(2.25 ± 0.41) × 10-3,(1.61 ± 0.46) × 10-3,and (1.82 ±0.47) × 10-3mm2/s respectively.The FA of optic nerve in patient group was lower than that of control group (P ＜0.05 ),while the meanλ∥,λ ⊥ and MD values was obviously higher than control group (P ＜ 0.05).There was no significant difference between right and left optic nerves in patient gro up ( P ＞0.05).ConclusionsDTI could detect abnormality and provide information about the pathological process of optic nerve in patients with PCACG.

Colorectal cancer is the third most prevalent cancer in the world. Surgical resection is the preferred method for the treatment of colorectal cancer, assisted by chemotherapy, targeted therapy and other methods to reduce recurrence and metastasis. However, drug resistance is an important factor in postoperative recurrence and death. Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) has been found to be involved in drug resistance of colorectal cancer. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the mechanism of lncRNA regulating drug resistance in colorectal cancer. This paper reviewed the progress of lncRNA in drug resistance of colorectal cancer.

Objective:To construct and validate a prognostic model for bladder cancer based on single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) bioinformatics analysis of prognosis-related differential expression genes.Methods:The bladder cancer scRNA-seq datasets like GSE135337 and GSE129845 were downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, and the data were updated in 2022 and 2019; the expression profile and the survival data of 165 bladder cancer samples in the conventional transcriptome dataset GSE13507 (the data were updated in 2020) were downloaded. Expression profile data of 414 bladder cancer samples and 19 paracancerous samples and clinical information of 405 bladder cancer patients were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. R 4.1.2 software was applied in the quality control and downscaling clustering of 10 bladder cancer single-cell samples selected from the GEO database and the cell annotation was made. The cellular communication of single cell data in the GEO database was analyzed by using CellChat. Univariate Cox proportion hazards model was used to analyze the differential expression genes related to prognosis of bladder cancer. The prognostic risk model was constructed by using LASSO-Cox regression analysis and the risk score was calculated. According to the median risk score, the bladder cancer patients in TCGA database were treated as the training set and all patients were divided into high‐risk group and low‐risk group. GSE13507 dataset in GEO database was used as the validation set, and the Kaplan-Meier method was used to compare the overall survival of the two groups in the TCGA training set and the GEO validation set; the time-dependent receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to evaluate the predictive efficacy of the prognostic risk model. R 4.1.2 software was used to construct the nomogram for predicting the 1-, 3- and 5-year overall survival rates of patients. Correlation analysis of risk score and clinical characteristics of bladder cancer patients in TCGA dataset was performed. Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) were performed.Results:In GSE135337 and GSE129845 datasets, a total of 50 263 cells were obtained after the filtration of quality control, including 43 519 uroepithelial cells. More interaction between uroepithelial cells and fibroblast could be found in the microenvironment of bladder cancer. Uroepithelial cells sent signals mainly through the midkine signaling pathway. Finally, 9 prognosis-related differential expression genes (SPINK1, FN1, EFEMP1, ELN, PCOLCE2, TUBA1A, COL14A1, TCF4, and TM4SF1) were screened and the prognostic risk model was constructed. The risk score was calculated as -0.019×SPINK1+0.028×FN1+0.025×EFEMP1+0.023×ELN+0.098×PCOLCE2+0.004×TUBA1A+0.047×COL14A1+ 0.004×TCF4+0.096×TM4SF1. Based on the median risk score (1.350), the overall survival of the high-risk group (≥1.350) was worse than that of the low-risk group (<1.350) in the training set and the valiation set. ROC curve analysis showed that the area under the curve (AUC) of 1-, 3- and 5-year overall survival rates in the training set and the validation set were larger than 0.65. Based on the age, staging and prognostic model risk score, a nomogram was constructed to predict the 1-, 3- and 5-year overall survival rates of patients, and its calibration curve was close to the ideal curve. The risk scores were elevated in patients aged more than 60 years old, M 1 in M staging, N 1, N 2 and N 3 in N staging, and stage Ⅲ and Ⅳ in TNM staging, and the differences were statistically significant (all P < 0.05) . Enrichment analysis showed that several significantly-enriched genes were associated with functions and pathways such as humoral immune response, granulocyte chemotaxis, cytokine-cytokine receptor interactions, and B-cell-mediated immunity. Conclusions:The stable prognostic prediction model for bladder cancer constructedbased on scRNA-seq data can provide a reference for clinical assessment of patients' prognosis.