This study was aimed to explore a simple and applicable method of separating mature sperms from human testicular tissue for intracytoplasmic sperm injection and embryo transfer. The suspension of human testicular tissue was cultured in 10% human serum albumin and human tubule fluid with different concentrations (0 u/ml; 50 u/ml; 100 u/ml; 150 u/ml; 200 u/ml) of hyaluronidase for 24 h, and then the Percoll gradient centrifugation was processed to separate the sperms; meanwhile the sperms were counted and graded according to their motility. The difference in quality and quantity among the groups and the difference between the groups and the zero-hour culturing group were detected. It was shown that the four hyaluronidase-treated groups contained large quantity and high quality of sperms as compared with the two contrast groups (P<0.01). The groups in the solution of 50 u/ml, 100 u/ml and 150 u/ml concentrations of hyaluronidase had almost the same amount of sperms that displayed higher motility as compared against the sperms in the group treated with 200 u/ml concentration of hyaluronidase (P<0.01). There was no difference between the two contrast groups (P>0.05), or among the groups treated with 50 u/ml, 100 u/ml, and 150 u/ml of hyaluronidase concentration (P>0.05). This method of adopting hyaluronidase with Percoll gradient centrifugation in the process for separating mature sperms from human testicular tissue is applicable. It can increase the quantity and quality of sperms separated from testicular tissue suspensions when adequate concentrations of hyaluronidase is used.
Adult ; Cell Separation ; methods ; Cells, Cultured ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Humans ; Hyaluronoglucosaminidase ; pharmacology ; Male ; Spermatozoa ; cytology ; Testis ; cytology

Objective: To explore the epidemiological characteristics of mortality of accidental injury children aged 5-19 years in Yunnan Province during 2015-2019, to provide further evidence for reducing accidental mortality in children. Methods: The mortality cases of accidental injury by gender, age groups, and causes among children and adolescents in Yunnan Province during 2015 to 2019 were analyzed retrospectively. Poisson regression model was used to estimate the trend of mortality. Chi square test was used to compare the differences of mortality by gender and age groups. Results: During 2015 to 2019, the mortality rate of accidental injury in children and adolescents aged 5-19 years in Yunnan Province decreased from 19.15/10 5 in 2015 to 18.35/10 5 in 2019 (Z=-3.36, P <0.01). The mortality rate of all types of accidental injuries in male was higher than that in female ( χ 2=867.01, 11.69 , 147.60, 190.34, 7.23, 702.97, P <0.05). The top three causes of fatal accidental injuries included road traffic accidents, drowning and falls. Except for accidental falls, the mortality rate of other causes in the 15-19 age group was significantly higher than that in the age of 5-9 years and 10-14 years groups ( χ 2=764.47, 75.91, 31.75, 9.24, 114.96, 327.64, P <0.05). The top three traffic accidents were happened among motorcyclists, light trucks or caravans and cars, accounting for 27.83%, 10.57% and 7.90% respectively. Conclusion Targeted measures should be taken continuously according to the characteristics of children and adolescents in different regions, age groups and gender to reduce the incidence and mortality of accidental injuries among children.

Objective: To find a viable alternative to reduce the number of doses required for the patients with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and to improve efficacy and patient compliance. Methods: In this study, we used ginger oil, a phytochemical with potential therapeutic properties, to prepare ginger oil patches. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to quantify the main active component of ginger oil, 6-gingerol. Transdermal absorption experiments were conducted to optimize the various pressure-sensitive adhesives and permeation enhancers, including their type and concentration. Subsequently, the ginger oil patches were optimized and subjected to content determination and property evaluations. A PTSD mouse model was established using the foot-shock method. The therapeutic effect of ginger oil patches on PTSD was assessed through pathological sections, behavioral tests, and the evaluation of biomarkers such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and melatonin (MT). Results: The results demonstrated that ginger oil patches exerted therapeutic effects against PTSD by inhibiting inflammatory responses and modulating MT and BDNF levels. Pharmacokinetic experiments revealed that ginger oil patches maintained a stable blood drug concentration for at least one day, addressing the rapid metabolism drawback of 6-gingerol and enhancing its therapeutic efficacy. Conclusions Ginger oil can be prepared as a transdermal drug patch that meets these requirements, and the bioavailability of the prepared patch is better than that of oral administration. It can improve PTSD with good patient compliance and ease of administration. Therefore, it is a promising therapeutic formulation for the treatment of PTSD.

Objective To explore the methods and means to improve standardized management of regional quality control using quantitative indicators and information technology.Method The Quality Management and Control Indicators for Beijing health and medical institutions were converted into secondary and tertiary entries for quantitative scoring in accordance with the principles of standardization and management in the Integrated Management System of Health Examination under the regional information platform (Beijing Physical Examination Information Platform).APP was downloaded and applied in the on-site quality inspection.The data were obtained in paper forms completed on-site at 185 medical institutions with valid quality inspection scores in Beijing in 2014 and from the 2016 Beijing medical institutions' physical examination quality inspection.The inclusion criteria were as follows:185 institutions were divided into three groups (Level 3,Level 2,Level 1 and below),and each group was further divided into three subgroups with scores of 0-360,361-480,and 481-600;a total of 63 institutions were randomly selected from seven subgroups.Experts used the Integrated Management System of Health Examination Quality Control mobile app for the inspection.The two data groups were compared to check for quality improvement and the consistency of the quality inspection experts.Results The total quality score of medical institutions at Level 1 and below in 2016 (510.02±42.95) was higher than that in 2014 (483.16±79.06),and the difference was statistically significant (t=2.431,P＜0.05).There was no statistically significant difference between Level 2 and Level 3 medical institutions in 2014 and 2016.The scores of institutions at different levels are higher in the laboratory internal quality control and external quality assessment,and the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05),whereas the score of physical health examination quality management organization only improved in the medical institutions at Level 1 and below,with statistically significant difference (P＜0.05).The changes of scores in the consistency of quality inspection experts was reduced after the application of the system,and the difference in institutions at Level 3 and Level 1 and below was statistically significant (P＜0.05),while not statistically significant in institutions at Level 2 (P=0.840).Conclusion Quantitative indicators and information technology are effective in regional standardized management of physical examination quality,and worthy of further exploration.

Autoimmune diseases of the nervous system are a group of diseases caused by the body′s immune system attacking its own nervous system, resulting in structural damage and functional impairment of the corresponding tissues. Interventional clearance of pathogenic auto-antibodies has been shown to be effective in reducing immune damage, inhibiting disease progression and improving prognosis through extensive basic research and long-term clinical practice. The neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn)-mediated circulating protection mechanism of IgG contributes to the long half-life and high plasma levels of IgG. FcRn inhibitors are able to target and block the binding of FcRn to IgG, accelerating IgG clearance and reducing IgG levels. Therefore, the use of FcRn inhibitors in the treatment of autoimmune diseases of the nervous system could theoretically help to accelerate the clearance of pathogenic IgG, achieve good clinical efficacy and have promising applications. Research in this area has made considerable progress in recent years and this article will review this.

Objective:To investigate the efficacy of Shuotong ureteroscope combined with flexible ureteroscope in the treatment of 2-3 cm lower calyceal calculi, and analyze the influencing factors.Methods:A total of 102 patients with lower calyceal calculi were treated in the Second People′s Hospital of Yulin from February 2019 to December 2022, and they were divided into the observation group and the control group, with 51 cases in each group. The patients of the observation group were treated with Shuotong ureteroscope combined with flexible ureteroscope, while the patients of the control group were treated with flexible ureteroscope. According to whether the stones were completely removed after operation, all patients were divided into non-stone removal group ( n=13) and stone removal group ( n=89). The operation time, hospitalization time, lithotripsy time, intraoperative blood loss, complication rate and stone clearance rate were compared between the observation group and the control group. Generalized Estimation Equation was used to analyze and evaluate the effects of treatment time, treatment scheme and their interaction on visual analogue scale (VAS), white blood cell (WBC), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), blood creatinine (Cr), hemoglobin (HGB) and procalcitonin (PCT). Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression were used to analyze the risk factors of stone removal rate. Nomogram model was constructed based on risk factors and evaluate the model. Results:Compared with the control group, operation time [(118.72±9.61) min vs (136.65±11.27) min], hospitalization stay [(6.43±1.12) d vs (10.29±2.23) d] and the lithotripsy time [ (51.23±10.38) min vs (56.62±11.43) min] of the observation group were shorter, and the amount of intraoperative blood loss [(128.52±10.20) mL vs (157.53±15.31) mL] were significantly less than those of the control group ( P< 0.05). The results of Generalized Estimation Equation analysis showed that treatment time, treatment regimen and their interaction had significant effects on WBC, HGB, BUN, Cr, PCT and VAS ( P< 0.05). Compared with the control group, the incidence of complications (5.88% vs 19.61%) of the observation group was lower and the stone clearance rate ( 94.12% vs 80.39%) was significantly higher than those in the control group ( P< 0.05). The mode of operation, infundibulopelvic angle(IPA), caliceal pelvic height (CPH) and the maximum diameter of stones were all influencing factors of stone removal rate in patients with 2-3 cm lower calyceal calculi. The nomogram model constructed in this study has good differentiation, calibration and clinical practicability, and can better identify high-risk patients with incomplete removal of 2-3 cm lower calyceal calculi. Conclusions:Shuotong ureteroscope combined with flexible ureteroscope is a safe, effective method for the treatment of 2-3 cm lower calyceal calculi. It has the advantages of simple operation, less intraoperative bleeding, less postoperative complications and high stone clearance rate. IPA, CPH, the maximum diameter of calculi and the mode of operation were all independent factors affecting the stone clearance rate of 2-3 cm lower calyceal calculi. The nomogram model constructed in this study can well identify the high-risk patients with incomplete clearance of 2-3 cm lower calyceal calculi.

BACKGROUND:Frog active peptides have rich activities,such as antibacterial and anti-tumor,and are expected to solve the problem of antibiotic resistance. OBJECTIVE:The active peptide QUB2984 was discovered in the skin secretions of Agalychnis callidryas.Its structure and properties were simulated by bioinformatics.The peptide was synthesized,purified,and identified and its biological functions were investigated. METHODS:Agalychnis callidryas skin secretions were collected by electrostimulation.The sequence of QUB2984 was obtained through constructing a cDNA library with isolated mRNA.BLAST was used for peptide sequence alignment.Besides that,Iterative Threading ASSEmbly Refinement(I-TASSER)and HeliQuest tools were used for protein secondary structure simulation.It was synthesized by solid-phase peptide synthesis,purified by reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography,and structurally confirmed by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry.The purified peptide was used to evaluate its biological activity.Its antibacterial effect was evaluated by the minimum inhibitory concentration method.Its cytotoxic effect was detected by MTT assay.Its safety was investigated by a hemolysis test. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Peptide QUB2984 had basically α-spiral structure,with a relatively intact hydrophobic surface,and a certain destructive ability to biofilm.The third amino acid position of QUB2984 was composed of W and had a G-X-G structure.(2)The minimum inhibitory concentration of QUB2984 against gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus was 2 μmol/L,the minimum inhibitory concentration against gram-negative Escherichia coli was 2 μmol/L,and the minimum inhibitory concentration against the fungus Candida albicans was 8 μmol/L.(3)The active peptide QUB2984 had obvious inhibitory effect on human non-small cell lung cancer cells NCI-H838 at 10-5 mol/L concentration,and the hemolytic effect on horse red cells at 64 μmol/L concentration was 50%.(4)The results showed that QUB2984 had anti-bacterial and anti-cancer activity,and it had a positive charge of +3,which was conducive to contact with bacteria or cells.

Objective To demonstrate the changes in flexor digitorum and extensor digitorum tension in the affected hands with shear-wave elastography (SWE) before and after manual digitorum sensory stimulation (MDSS) in hemiplegic patients with stroke. Methods A total of 51 hemiplegic post-stroke inpatients in the Department of Rehabilitation Medicine in Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University from April to June, 2020, underwent MDSS completed by a researcher who used a bare thumb and index finger to squeeze each nail bed as well as the sides of each fingertip in the affected hand. The stimulation intensity was the minimum that could cause finger extension without obvious pain, and the interval between two stimulations was five to ten seconds. Muscular tension of the flexor digitorum superficialis, flexor digitorum profundus, flexor pollicis longus and extensor digitorum were assessed with modified Ashworth Scale (MAS) and shear-wave velocity (SWV) of SWE on the affected side before and immediately after MDSS. MAS score was -1 as low muscular tension. Results The MAS scores of all the muscles significantly reduced after MDSS (|Z| > 2.843, P < 0.001); while the changes of SWV were not significantly in all the muscles with initially MAS score of 0 or -1 (t < 1.052, P > 0.05), and it reduced in those muscles with initial MAS scores of one to three (t > 2.672, P < 0.05). The SWV were positively correlated with the MAS scores both before and after MDSS (r > 0.334, P < 0.05). Conclusion MDSS can effectively, immediately, and safely relieves muscle spasms of the flexor digitorum and facilitate active finger extension in the affected hand for hemiplegic patients with stroke. SWE is useful for quantitatively and objectively evaluating muscular tension in the affected hand for hemiplegic patients with stroke.

Patients seeking implantation often have several systemic diseases, which will introduce complications to treatment. This paper reviews the risk assessments and prevention of systemic diseases in patients with oral implant therapy with the relevant literature. The patients with cardiovascular diseases are prone to stroke and cardiac arrest, and anticoagulants and antihypertensive drugs will complicate cases. The potential risks of endocrine system diseases are infections and crises caused by unstable hormone levels. The risks of respiratory diseases are dyspnea and swallowing devices. The difficulty of treating patients with neuropsychiatric diseases is attributable to poor cooperation and adverse effects of the drugs. Bone and joint system diseases may decrease the success of implantation. Hematological system, digestive system and kidney diseases may lead to hemorrhage. By inquiring about detailed medical and medication history, evaluating vital signs and detecting important objective indicators, performing targeted measures, discussing with specialists, and observing patients closely, clinicians can avoid the abovementioned risks.

ObjectiveTo study the effect and mechanism of Yixintai on mitochondrial fission proteins in the rat model of chronic heart failure. MethodTen of 60 SD rats were randomly selected as the sham operation group， and the remaining 50 rats were subjected to ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery for the modeling of heart failure post myocardial infarction. The successfully modeled rats were randomized into model， low-， medium-， and high-dose （1.4， 2.8， and 5.6 g·kg^-1， respectively） Yixintai， and trimetazidine （10 mg·kg^-1） groups. The rats were administrated with corresponding doses of drugs by gavage， and the rats in the model group and sham operation group were given an equal volume of normal saline by gavage for 28 consecutive days. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） was then employed to measure the levels of amino-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide （NT-pro BNP）， B-type natriuretic peptide （BNP）， and adenosine triphosphate （ATP） in the serum. Color Doppler ultrasound imaging was conducted to examine the cardiac function indicators. Hematoxylin-eosin staining and Masson staining were conducted to observe the pathological changes in the heart， and Image J was used to calculate collagen volume fraction （CVF）. Transmission electron microscopy was employed to observe the ultrastructural changes of myocardial cells. Terminal-deoxynucleoitidyl transferase-mediated nick-end labeling （TUNEL） was employed to measure the apoptosis rate of myocardial cells. Western blot was employed to determine the protein levels of mitochondrial fission protein 1 （Fis1） and mitochondrial fission factor （Mff） in the outer mitochondrial membrane of the myocardial tissue. ResultCompared with the sham operation group， the model group showed elevated levels of NT-pro BNP and BNP in the serum， decreased ATP content， left ventricular ejection fraction （LVEF）， and left ventricular fraction shortening （LVFS）， increased left ventricular end-diastolic diameter （LVIDd） and left ventricular end-systolic diameter （LVIDs）， disarrangement of myocardial cells， inflammatory cell infiltration， increased collagen fibers and CVF， damaged myocardium and mitochondria， and increased apoptosis rate of myocardial cells， and up-regulated expression of Fis1 and Mff in the cardiac tissue （P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， different doses of Yixintai and trimetazidine lowered the serum levels of NT-pro BNP and BNP （P<0.05）， increased the ATP content （P<0.05）， increased LVEF and LVFS （P<0.01）， decreased LVIDd and LVIDs （P<0.01）. Moreover， the drugs alleviated the myocardial inflammatory damage and fibrosis， reduced CVF （P<0.01）， repaired the myocardial mitochondrial structure， and decreased the apoptosis rate of myocardial cells （P<0.01）. Medium- and high-dose Yixintai and trimetazidine down-regulated the expression of Fis1 and Mff in the myocardial tissue （P<0.05）. ConclusionYixintai can improve mitochondrial structure， reduce myocardial cell apoptosis， and improve cardiac function by inhibiting the expression of Fis1 and Mff in the myocardial tissue.