OBJECTIVE To study the distribution and drug-resistance status of pathogens in surgically infective specimen in Renmin Hospital of Qichun County and provide the reference for clinically reasonable use of antibiotics.METHODS The infective specimen were collected to perform bacterial culture.The routine methods were adopted to identify pathogenic bacterium.Susceptibility testing was performed by K-B method.RESULTS Among 322 strains from surgically infective specimen,Staphylococcus aureus,Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa,ranking the top three,accounted for 25.2%,15.8% and 13.0%,respectively.The detection rate of meticillin-resistant S.aureus(MRSA) was 32.1%.And that of meticillin-resistant coagulase negative Staphylococcus(MRCNS) was 33.3%.That of extended spectrum ?-lactamases(ESBLs) producer in E.coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae was 34.5%.Various pathogenic bacterium had been resistant to antibiotics to different extents.100.0% of Gram-positive cocci were sensitive to vancomycin.The sensitivity rate to imipenem in Gram-negative bacilli was 19.0-100.0%.CONCLUSIONS Drug resistance variesd from pathogenic bacterium in surgical infection.The clinician should reasonably choose antibiotics according to results of bacterial culture to avoid occurrence and prevalence of drug-resistance bacterium.

ObjectiveTo explore the species distribution and constituent ratio of diatoms in main sections of urban district rivers where drowning occurs frequently in Chengdu.MethodsTotal 39 water samples from the sampling points of 5 rivers(Jinjiang, Jinniu, Qingyang, Wuhou and Chenghua districts)in Octo-ber 2014 were collected. The diatoms smear were made and the species distribution and constituent ratio of diatoms from the water samples were analyzed using biological microscope and acquisition system of digital microscope.ResultsTotal 21 species of diatoms were detected in main sections of urban district rivers in Chengdu. Significant differences in the dominant diatom species and proportions of the different rivers were observed, and there were different species existed in all sampling points of the upstream, midstream and downstream of the rivers.ConclusionThe database of species map, species distribution and constituent ratio of diatoms in main sections of urban district rivers in Chengdu are preliminarily es-tablished, which has special meaning for the analysis and evaluation of falling location inference using diatoms test in case investigation.

BACKGROUND:Hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) therapy can aleviate the skin flap congestion by improving the angiogenesis and increasing the oxygen content of blood in skin flaps. Although the HBO therapy ability to increase flap survival has been wel described, the research on the application of HBO pretreatment in skin flap transplantation does not arouse adequate concern.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of HBO pretreatment on early-stage flap congestion in the rat model of over-length dorsal random skin flaps.
METHODS: Thirty-six SD rats were randomly divided into control group (n=12), HBO pretreatment group (n=12) and HBO treatment group (n=12). Rats in the HBO pretreatment group received 4 days of HBO therapy prior to transplantation, once a day. Rats in the HBO treatment group received 4 days of HBO therapy after transplantation. Rats in the control group were raised in the normal conditions after flap transplantation. At postoperative days 3 and 5, rats were sacrificed and the samples were colected. The inflammation of flap tissues was detected using hematoxylin-eosin staining. The expression of vascular endothelial growth factor and transforming growth factor-β was analyzed by immunohistochemistry staining. The flap survival rate was calculated at postoperative day 5.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The flap survival area of the HBO pretreatment group and HBO treatment group was larger than that of the control group (P < 0.05). At postoperative days 3 and 5, the expression levels of vascular endothelial growth factor and transforming growth factor-β in the flap tissue were higher in the HBO pretreatment group and HBO treatment group than the control group (P < 0.05). However, there was no significant difference in the flap survival area and the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor and transforming growth factor-β between HBO pretreatment and HBO treatment groups (P > 0.05). HBO pretreatment can increase the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor and transforming growth factor-β and promotes angiogenesis in random pattern flaps,thereby improving skin flap survival.

Objective To study the association between serum concentrations of total testosterone levels and coronary heart disease (CHD) in the postmenopausal women. Methods The study was designed as a case-control study.394 postmenopausal female patients were selected from Cardiology Center of the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University.The case group included 183 women patients with CHD aged (62.7±8.0) years,the control group,211 women with normal coronary aged (60.0 ± 8.8) years. Blood samples were collected to determine total testosterone,fasting glucose and lipid profile. CHD severity was expressed as the numbers of coronary arteries that had a stenosis ≥50％.According to the level of testosteron,all cases were divided into 4 groups by interquartile range method:Q1＜3.5 nmol/L(n=190),3.5 nmol/L≤Q2 ＜10.4 nmol/L(n=64),10.4 nmol/L≤Q3 ＜26.0 nmol/L(n=120) and Q4≥26.0 nmol/L(n=20).The association between the serum total testosterone levels and severity of coronary atherosclerosis was analyzed. Results The average total testosterone was higher in case group than in control group[(10.4 ± 24.3 ) nmol/L vs. ( 6.9 ± 17.4 ) nmol/L,Z =0.79,P =0.555].In Quantitative adjusted models,higher levels of total testosterone had strong correlation with CHD,Q4 incidence of CHD (75.0％,15 cases) was significantly higher than Q1 (46.8％,89 cases),Q2 (40.6％,26 cases)and Q3 (44.2％,53 cases) (x2 =7.69,P=0.048).After adjustment for other risk factors,women in the top quartile of total testosterone levels had a more than 3-fold increase in odds of CHD(OR=3.47,95％CI:1.06-11.32,P＜0.05).In addition,the serum concentrations of total testosterone level were significantly associated with the severity of CHD (F=12.94,P＜0.05). Conclusions Higher levels of total testosterone may be associated with high prevalence and severity of CHD as an independent factor in postmenopausal women.

Objective To study the effects of matrine (MAT) on the apoptosis and the expression of PEG10 in human hepatocarcinoma cell line HepG2. Methods MTT assay was used to determine the proliferation-inhibition activity by MAT to HepG2 cell. JC-1 staining was prepared to detect the change of mitochondrial membrane potential in HepG2 cells after MAT was given. RT-PCR and immunocytochemical method for detecting the PEG10 gene and protein expression levels were used. Results MAT could inhibit the HepG2 cell proliferation above the concentration of 0.125 mg/mL (different from above-->MAT ≥ 0.1 g/L) and in a concentration-dependent and time-dependent manner(P<0.01). JC-1 staining and flow cytometry detection showed that MAT can significantly decrease the mitochondrial membrane potential of HepG2 cells (P < 0.01). The RT-PCR and immunocytochemical staining results showed that 0.5 and 2.0 mg/ml (different from Chinese) MAT could reduce PEG10 gene and protein expression obviously. Conclusion MAT could decrease the expression level of PEG10 gene and inhibited cell proliferation,change the mitochondrial membrane potential and induce HepG2 cell apoptosis.

Objective: To study the predictive value of combination scores of leukocyte and platelet counts (COL-P) for in-hospital mortality in patients with acute ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) treatment. Methods: A total of 660 STEMI patients with emergent PCI in our hospital from 2009-11 to 2013-08 were retrospectively studied. The patients were divided into 3 groups according to COL-P scores: COL-P0 group,n=283, COL-P1 group,n=319 and COL-P3 group,n=58. The relationship between the in-hospital mortality and COL-P scores was analyzed among different groups. Results: There were 88/660 in-hospital death. The patients in death group had the higher white blood cell count and lower platelet count than those in survival group, bothP<0.01. Logistic regression analysis indicated that compared with COL-P0 group, the COL-P scores at COL-P1 level (OR 4.346, 95% CI 2.134-8.850,P<0.001) and COL-P2 level (OR 10.126, 95% CI 4.061-25.250,P<0.001) were the independent risk factors for in-hospital death in STEMI patients after emergent PCI. The in-hospital mortality in COL-P0, COL-P1 and COL-P2 groups were at 4.9%, 15.4% and 43.1% respectively, allP<0.001. Conclusion: COL-P score was useful for predicting the in-hospital mortality in STEMI patients after emergent PCI, while the long term mortality estimation should be further studied.

Objective: To study the expression of TNF-α and PCNA in human breast tissue with polyacrylamide hydrogel(PAHG) injection, and to provide the initial theory basis for its prognosis and clinical treatment. Methods: Immunohistochemistry was used to measure the expression of tumor necrosis factor α(TNF-α)and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) in 20 normal breast tissues and 40 cases with PAHG injection, analysis was also done by HE staining. Results: ①HE staining showed that there were a large number of homogeneous amorphous gel-like injections under optical microscope. Around PAHG there were different degrees of fibrous tissue hyperplasia with or without fibrous degeneration and lots of inflammatory cells. Local foreign body giant cell reaction and ductal dilatation also can be seen around PAHG. ②The IA levels of TNF-α and PCNA in the experimental group were 3.9± 0.3 and 3.2 ± 0.2, the IA levels of TNF-α and PCNA in the control group were 1.0 ± 0.1 and 1.3 ± 0.3, the IA level in the experimental group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P=0.000). The difference was statistically significant. The positive rates of TNF-α and PCNA in the experimental group were 90% (36/40)and 85% (34/40)respectively; the positive rates of TNF-α and PCNA in the control group were 30% (6/20), 40% (8/20). The positive expression rate in the experimental group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P=0.000). The difference was statistically significant. TNF-α and PCNA has Pearson positive relevance in the changes(r=0.3, P=0.040), the difference was statistically significant. Conclusions TNF-α and PCNA are involved in the immunoreaction of mammalian breast tissue injected with polyacrylamide hydrogel, which may induce the aseptic inflammation, fibrous tissue hyperplasia and related issues through mutual influence.

Objective To study the correlation between renal function and arterial stiffness of Uighur population over 35 years old in Xinjiang area. Methods From October 2007 to March 2010, four-stage stratified random sampling method was applied to collect a total of 4312 Uighur people over 35 years old in Urumqi, Karamay, Fukang, Turpan area, Hotan prefecture, Yili Kazak autonomous prefecture and Altai prefecture. The data of these 4312 general urban and rural Uygur residents were complete. Simplified MDRD formula was used to calculate the estimate glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Arm-ankle pulse wave velocity (b-aPWV) of both sides was measured and the average value was used in correlation analysis with eCFR, and then the associated risk factors were adjusted. Results The eGFR was negatively correlated with b-aPWV (r=-0.174, P<0.01). Multiple linear regression showed that after adjusting some risk factors such as age, sex, body mass index, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, waist circumference, hip circumference, uric acid, fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol, triglycerides, low density lipoprotein, eGFR was still negatively correlated with b-aPWV (P=0.012). Conclusions In Uygur population over 35 years old in Xinjiang, the glomerular filtration rate is negatively correlated with arterial stiffness.

Objective: To compare the 10 years risk for ischemic cardiovascular disease among Han, Uygur, Kazak nationality residents of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. Methods: From October 2007 to October 2010,14 618 adult (aged ≥35 years) Han (n=5 757),Uygur (n=4 767) and Kazak (n=4 094) residents were selected to join this study through the four-stage stratified cluster sampling method from 7 cities and regions of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. The 10 years risk for ischemic cardiovascular disease was calculated according to the 10 years ischemic cardiovascular disease risk assessment form modified with Chinese characteristics and compared among the residents of 3 nationalities. Results: (1) There were significant differences in age, body mass index, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure,fasting blood glucose,triglycerides,total cholesterol,low-density lipoprotein,high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, smoking history, and drinking history among Han, Uygur, Kazak nationality population (all P< 0.001). (2) There were significant differences in 10 years risk for ischemic cardiovascular disease between different gender and age group including 35-39, 40-44, 45-49, 50-54, 55-59, and ≥60 years old between Han, Uygur, Kazak nationality population (all P<0.001). (3) There were significant differences in rates of 10%-20% and>20% of 10 years risk for ischemic cardiovascular disease between different gender in Han, Uygur, Kazak nationality population (P values were 0.013 and <0.001, respectively). There were no significant differences in rates of <5% and 5%-9% of 10 years risk for ischemic cardiovascular disease between different gender in Han,Uygur,Kazak nationality population (all P>0.05).(4) There were significant differences in detection rates of diabetes,hypertension,smoking,hypertriglyceridemia,and obesity in male and female Han,Uygur,Kazak nationality population with 10 years risk for ischemic cardiovascular disease ≥10% (P<0.01 or 0.05). Meanwhile,there was significant difference in detection rates of hypercholesteremia in male Han, Uygur, Kazak nationality adults(P<0.001). There were no significant differences in detection rates of elevated low density lipoprotein cholesterol and reduced high density lipoprotein cholesterol in male and female Han,Uygur,Kazak nationality adults (all P>0.05). Conclusion There are gender and age differences in the 10 years risk for ischemic cardiovascular disease in ≥35 years old Han,Uygur,Kazak nationality adults from Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region.