This article summarizes LI Shimao's academic view of tracing the origin and differentiating the pulse and syndrome in six aspects.1) Emphasizing pulse in diagnosis:he put forward the new theories of pulse diagnosis such as differentiating syndrome by pulse diagnosis outline theory,deficiency and excess pulse diagnosis outline theory and interpreting pulse mechanism with Qi and blood outline theory.2) Emphasizing sweat promotion method in the three methods (including sweat promotion,emetic method and purgative method):he promoted sweat with acrid-warm drugs not only in the treatment of excess cold syndrome,but also in the treatment of deficiency cold syndrome.3) Emphasizing Yang deficiency in cold damage syndrome:he regarded Yang deficiency as an important reason for the attack of externally-contracted wind-cold.4) Emphasizing fire constraint in warm disease:he was the first to pinpointed that the nature of warm disease is stagnated heat,he was good at treating warm disease with clearing,venting and enriching methods of which venting is the core and he invented Xinjia Shengjiang San (新加升降散) to treat stagnated heat;5) Emphasizing treating phlegm and stasis in the complicated diseases:he thought the difficult and complicated diseases in modem medicine were similar to the phlegm syndrome and stasis syndrome in Chinese medicine,so he liked modifying Daotan Tang (导痰汤),ZHANG Zhongjing's formulae,WANG Qingren's formulae for removing blood stasis and Taohong Siwu Tang (桃红四物汤) to treat phlegm and stasis syndromes;6) Emphasizing emergencies in rescue period:he thought Chinese medicine did a great work in treating emergencies,and modern scientific and technological methods should be used in studying emergencies in Chinese medicine.

Objective To evaluate the effect of the systematic education platform for patient with colostomy in improving self‐care ability .Methods A total of 198 colostomy patients from a Third‐Grade Class A Hospitals were randomly assigned to ei‐ther learn colostomy nursing knowledge by the systematic education platform or routine health education condition .The patients were investigated by a questionnaire about Exercise of Self‐Care Agency Scale ,ESCA before discharge ,1 month and 3 months after discharge .Results After the systematic education platform for 3 month ,the total score(120 .87 ± 10 .11) and each factor scores of ESCA scale[self‐protection skills(30 .51 ± 2 .57) ,self nursing responsibility(23 .95 ± 2 .64) ,self concept(26 .23 ± 1 .69) ,health knowledge level (39 .78 ± 3 .12 )] were all significantly improved after the systematic education platform ( P < 0 .05 ) . Conclusion The systematic education platform can improve ostomy patients′self‐care ability and quality of life .

Objective To analyze the relative risk factors of elderly patients with abdominoperineal resection for rectal carcinoma.Methods The risk factors for hospital death and postoperative complications in 137 elderly patients who had undergone abdominoperineal resection for rectal carcinoma from July 1995 to July 2005 were analyzed retrospectively.Results The risk factors included coexistent diseases,hemoglobin level less than 70 g/L,body mass index(BMI)less than 18.5 kg/m2,intraoperative blood loss more than 1 000 ml,operating time longer than 6 h.The relative risk ratio were 4.76,5.85,6.49,5.47,3.90 respectively for hospital death,and 2.02,2.27,1.83,2.01,1.70 for postoperative complications.Conclusion The risk factors of the elderly patients with abdominoperineal resection for rectal carcinoma should be considered carefully during the perioperative period.

Objective To evaluate the biological characteristics of gastric carcinoma and non cancer gastric mucosa which might develop to cancer.Methods The DNA content and proliferative activity of cells in 154 patients with primary mucosal gastric cancer and 40 patients with gastric ulcer wese detected by flow cytometric analysis. A total of 154 samples from mucosal gastric carcinomas, 154 samples from normal mucosa adjacent to carcinomas and 40 samples from normal gastric mucosa adjacent to gastric ulcers were subjected to analysis.Results The incidence of DNA aneuploidy of differentiated carcinoma cells (34.3%) was significantly higher than that of undifferentiated carcinoma cells (14.5%, P

Objective To investigate the best weighting of adaptive statistical iterative reconstruction (ASIR) algorithm and optimized low-dose scanning parameters in thoracic aorta CT angiography(CTA).Methods Totally 120 patients with the body mass index (BMI) of 19-24 were randomly divided into 6 groups.All patients underwent thoracic aorta CTA with a GE Discovery CT 750 HD scanner (ranging from 290-330 mm).The default parameters (100 kV,240 mAs) were applied in Group 1.Reconstructions were performed with different weightings of ASIR (10％-100％ with 10％),and the signal to noise ratio (S/N) and contrast to noise ratio (C/N) of images were calculated.The images of series were evaluated by 2 independent radiologists with 5-point-scale and lastly the best weighting were revealed.Then the mAs in Group 2-6 were defined as 210,180,150,120 and 90 with the kilovoltage 100.The CTDIvoland DLP in every scan series were recorded and the effective dose (E) was calculated.The S/N and C/N were calculated and the image quality was assessed by two radiologists.Results The best weighing of ASIR was 60％ at the 100 kV,240 mAs.Under 60％ of ASIR and 100 kV,the scores of image quality from 240 mAs to 90 mAs were(4.78 ±0.30)-(3.15 ±0.23).The CTDIvol and DLP were 12.64-4.41 mGy and 331.81-128.27 mGy,and the E was 4.98-1.92 mSv.The image qualities among Group 1-5 were nor significantly different (F =5.365,P ＞ 0.05),but the CTDIvol and DLP of Group 5 were reduced by 37.0％ and 36.9％,respectively compared with Group 1.Conclusions In thoracic aorta CT Angiography,the best weighting of ASIR is 60％,and 120 mAs is the best mAs with 100 kV in patients with BMI 19-24.

Objective To systematically summarize the effects of mirror therapy on upper extremity motor function and activities of dai-ly living after stroke. Methods The literatures about mirror therapy published between January, 2006 and May, 2016 were recalled from Medline, PubMed, CINAHL, OT seeker, PEDro, Wanfang and CNKI databases. The randomized control trials were included, and those didn't concern upper extremity motor function and activities of daily living were excluded. The data were extracted and analysed with Rev-Man 5.3. Results Fourteen trials were included. Mirror therapy could significantly improve Fugl-Meyer Assessment score (SMD=0.81, 95%CI=0.43-1.20, P<0.001, I2=64%). Subgroups analysis indicated movement based mirror therapy was more effective on mild to moderate hemiplegia (SMD=0.96, 95%CI=0.59~1.34, P<0.001, I2=51%) and the subgroup differences were also significant (P=0.004). Mirror therapy could improve score of Action Research Arm Test (SMD=0.33, 95%CI=0.01-0.64, P=0.040, I2=0), Box and Block Test (SMD=0.70, 95%CI=0.03-1.37, P=0.040, I2=62%) and Brunstrom stages (SMD=1.56, 95%CI=1.07-2.06, P<0.001, I2=41%) of affected upper extremities. It could also improve activities of daily living (SMD=0.93, 95%CI=0.62-1.24, P<0.001, I2=0). No evidence revealed mirror therapy could change muscle tone of flexors of affected upper limbs (SMD=-0.22, 95%CI=-0.73-0.28, P=0.890, I2=0). Conclusion Mirror therapy can signifi-cantly improve upper extremity motor function and activity of daily living.

This study was aimed to establish the ultra high performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) fingerprints of Psoralea corylifolia L. The separation was achieved on a Shim-pack XR-ODS Ⅲ column (50 mm í 2.0 mm, 1.6μm) by gradient elution with acetonitrile-0.2% glacial acetic acid solution as the mobile phase. The flow rate was 0.1 mL·min-1 and the measurement wavelength was 246 nm. The temperature of the column was 45oC. The results showed that the UHPLC fingerprint of P. corylifolia L. was established and 10 characteristic common peaks were found, among which 6 peaks were recognized by comparing with reference substances. It was concluded that the method was rapid, reliable and reproducible. The established fingerprint can provide references for the study of sub-stance basis and quality control of P. c orylifolia L.

ObjectiveTo observe the clinical effect of sodium aescinate in the treatment of patients with stage Ⅰ - Ⅱ internal hemorrhoids.Methods177 patients with stage Ⅰ - Ⅱ internal hemorrhoids were randomly divided into two groups,the treated group( n =87 ) and the control group( n =90).Patients in the control group were treated with external hemorrhoids suppositories ( 1 per time,bid),while patients in the treated group took sodium aescinate orally(2 per time,Bid).After the 7-day course of treatment,the efficacy of sodium aescinate was determined.ResultsThere was significant difference between the two groups in the total obvious effective rate and the total effective rate(P ＜0.01 ).Compared with the control group,the symptoms of hematochezia and anal pain were more improved in the treated group( P ＜ 0.01 ).There was significant difference between the two groups in the hemorrhoidal mucosa,prolapse,the size of hemorrhoids and total score difference ( P ＜ 0.05 ).The total obvious effective rate and the total effective rate of the treated group were 87.4％ and 95.4％.ConclusionSodium aescinate had better clinical effect in the treatment of patients with stage Ⅰ - Ⅱ internal hemorrhoids.

Objective To analyze the working stress related factors of nurses in intensive care unit (ICU), and put forward the corresponding counter measures.Methods During January to March 2016, a questionnaire survey was conducted with a commonly used nurses working pressure source scale on 110 ICU nurses in three People's Liberation Army (PLA) 3A grade hospitals in Beijing. The questionnaire survey involved 35 items within 5 main categories, including nursing professional issues, nursing workload and time allocation, working environment and resources, special care for critical patients and inter-personnel relationships between the head of nurses and other nurses. The correlations between the ICU nursing working stress and alternative factors were analyzed.Results Ninety-six nurses said the job was stressful, and 88.5% of them expressed that the degree of pressure was more than medium. The correlation analysis showed that ICU nurse working stress was correlated with 29 items in the survey scale (allP < 0.05), of which the top 6 items the mostly closely related were the frequent working shift (r = 0.58,P = 0.000), low nursing social status (r = 0.54,P = 0.000), less promotion opportunities (r = 0.54,P = 0.000), less opportunities to pursue further study (r = 0.53, P = 0.000), nurse low salary (r = 0.52,P = 0.000) and excessive workload (r= 0.50,P = 0.000).Conclusions ICU nurses face a lot of pressure in their work, the management departments should pay more attention to them, and actively energetically improve the nurse system construction, raise ICU nurses' pride, enhance the quality of nurse care and promote the healthy development of nursing profession.

To improve the medical students'comprehensive quality and clinical practice ability,we summarize personal and the department's experiences,enhance the students'education on their entering into clinic,accentuate basic skills of medical paperwork and endeavor to foster students'surgically logic thinking ability.