Objective To study the effect of exploratory environment on behavioral recovery and the expression of neurogranin (Ng) in rats after unilateral local cerebral infarction. Methods 70 male Sprague-Dawley rats were adopted. After making the model of MCAO with electric coagulation, 60 rats were randomly divided into exploratory group (n=30, living in maze cages) and control group (n=30, living in large standard cages). Other 10 rats as the sham group lived in standard cage. 10 rats were chosen randomly from the groups for Berderson test, manual muscle and balancing test on the 1st, 7th, 14th, 28th day after operation, and 5 rats were sacrificed separately in exploratory group and control group at the same time. 5 rats in sham group were randomly sacrificed separately on the 7th, 28th day after operation. The expressions of Ng in the peri-ischemic cortex were detected with immunohistochemistry stain. Results The scores of behavior in exploratory group improved compared with that in control group (P<0.05) from 14 d after operation. The number of Ng positive cells increased in exploratory group compared with that in control group (P<0.01) from 7 d after operation. Conclusion Exploratory environment can facilitate the functional recovery and the Ng expression in rats after unilateral local cerebral infarction.

ObjectiveTo investigate the related functional orientation of the visual cognition antijamming ability in brain.MethodsThe number of recognizing errors of reaction to visual stimulations in 8 patients with brain lesions in conjunctions of occipital and parietal lobes was tested by three different kinds of noises from visual materials as stimulations, and error numbers as index, and result was compared with that of 10 normal persons.ResultsThe number of recognizing errors in the patients was higher than that in normal person ( P<0.01), and the signal-to-noise (SNR) lower, the number of recognizing errors was higher in the patients ( P<0.01).ConclusionThe conjunction of occipital and parietal lobes maybe play an important role in the visual cognition antijamming ability.

Recent studies have indicated that neural stem cells (NSC) distribute in the adult central nervous system generally. Subgranular zone and subventricular zone are the main districts of the endogenous NSC in the adult brain. These cells drowse when they occupy normal condition, and are activated when the brain is injuryed or comes to some pathological change, and then differentiate into mature nerve cell, recovery the damaged nerves function. So the ischemia can be treated by activating endogenous NSC or transplanting exogenous stem cells. The activating means include rehabilitation training, enriched environment and utilizing exogenous nerve growth factors. Stem cells transplantation include NSC transplantation and non-NSC transplantation.

Objective To evaluate the effect of silver needle injection therapy on rat with sports muscle injury. Methods Twenty-one healthy male Wistar rats were randomly divided into the injury group (n = 3),the silver needle group (n=12) and the control group (n=3). The expressions of bFGF and GDNF in gastrocnemius muscle tendon junction were detected on 7 d ,14 d and 28 d post-injury. Results No significant difference in the appearance of the injured tissue was found in both two groups on 7 d post-injury. The appearance of the injured tissue was better in the silver needle group than that in the control group on 14 d and 28 d post-injury. The tissue was almost normal in the therapy group on 28 d post-injury; The expression of bFGF in the therapy group was higher than that in the injury control group on 7 d and 14 d post-injury (P < 0.01). The expression of bFGF markedly decreased in the therapy group compared with the control group (P < 0.01) on 28 d post-injury. The expression of GDNF in the therapy group was higher than that in the injury control group on 7 d ,14 d and 28 d post-injury (P<0.01). Conclusion The silver needle injection therapy has the therapeutic effect on sports muscle injury reparation, which can increase the expression of bFGF and GDNF efficiently.

Objective To observe the effect of light emitting diode (LED) red light irradiation on serum lipid in experimental hyperlipidemia rats. Methods 36 healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into normal control group (n=12) and hyperlipidemic model group (n=24). The normal group was fed with normal diet while the hyperlipidemic model group with fat-rich forage for 6 weeks. The hyperlipidemic model group rats were randomly divided into the hyperlipidemic control group (n=12) and LED treatment group (n=12), and the latter accepted LED red light irradiation for 28 d. The levels of serum lipid including total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein (HDL-C), and the activities of lipoproteinesterase (LPL) and hepatic lipase (HL) were detected with biochemical assay. The expression of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reducase (HMG-CR) of hepatic tissue were measured with immunohistochemical staining. Results Compared with the hyperlipidemic control group, the levels of serum TC, TG and LDL-C decreased while the serum HDL-C increased significantly in the LED treatment group (P<0.01) after treated with LED. The levels of LPL and HL in serum increased (P<0.01) while the activity of HMG-CR decreased (P<0.05). Conclusion LED red light irradiation might play a regulating effect on serum lipid by enhancing the activities of LPL and HL and inhibiting the expression of HMG-CR to interfere the metabolism of TC, TG, LDL-C and HDL-C.

ObjectiveTo study the effect of exercise on expression of p38 after cerebral infarction in rats.MethodsThe right middle cerebral artery was occluded(MCAO) with electric coagulation in Wistar rats,and then were divided into three groups at random 48 hours later: training group which were given wheel-running exercise everyday(n=20);control group(n=20) and sham group(n=10).The expression of p38 in cortex of the three groups were detected on 7th,14th,21th and 28th day after the MCAO.ResultsIn the cortex around the infarcted focus,the expressions of p38 elevated much significantly after cerebral infarction(P<0.05).The expression of p38 in training group were higher than those in control group(P<0.05) on the 21th and 28th day.ConclusionThe cerebral infarction could induce the expression of p38.The exercise could enhance its expression.

Objective To investigate the effect of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on aphasia recovery after stroke. Meth-ods From April, 2012 to January, 2013, 20 aphasic patients after stroke were enrolled in an A-B experiment design. During phase A, ten times of sham tDCS and language training (five days a week) were implemented, then ten times language training combined with tDCS (five days a week) were implemented in phase B. The treatment lasted for four weeks. Picture naming was measured for all patients before and af-ter treatment both in phase A and phase B. Results The D-value scores of picture naming before and after treatment were significantly more in phase B than in phase A in both treatment items and non-treatment items (t>3.030, P<0.05). Conclusion tDCS could raise the accuracy of picture naming in patients with aphasia after stroke.

Objective To study the effect of motor imagery on balance rehabilitation in hemiplegics after stroke.Methods 20 hemiplegic patients who were in chronic stage(above 6 months)were randomly divided into two groups.Normal rehabilitation was performed in the whole stage and motor imagery was added in group A in stage Ⅰ and group B in stage Ⅱ.All patients were assessed with Berg Balance Scale(BBS),blance subscale of the Fugl-Meyer Assessment(FM-B),max affected limb-loading per weight and Functional Independence Measure(FIM)at the beginning and the ending of the every stage,respectively.Results The deference scores of BBS and FIM,as well as max affected limb-loading per weight between in the stage with motor imagery was better than those in the stage without motor imagery(P<0.01),as well as that of FM-B score(P<0.05).Conclusion Motor imagery can improve balance rehabilitation and activity of daily living in chronic hemiplegics.

ObjectiveTo study the effects of treadmill training on balance of convalescent stroke patients.Methods61 patients were divided into 2 groups :observed group(31 cases) and control group(30 cases).The patients of control group were trained with routine rehabilitation training program, the patients of observed group were trained with treadmill training in addition. They were evaluated with Berg balance scale before and 8 weeks after treatment. ResultsAfter training, either observed group or control group showed significant improvement at equilibrium function, but the equilibrium function improved more in observed group (P<0.05). ConclusionTreadmill training plays a positive role on balance recovery in convalescent stroke patients.

ObjectiveTo observe the effects of different environmental intervention on neurofilament (NF) expression in rats after unilateral local cerebral infarction. MethodsAfter middle cerebral artery occluded (MCAO) by electric coagulation, 125 male SD rats were randomly divided into individual living group (n=30, living alone in small standard cages), social communication group (n=30, 5 as a group living in large standard stages ), learning group(n=30, 15 as a group living in exploratory cages), enriched environment group (n=30, 5 as a group living in EE cages) and sham operated group(n=5). The rats were randomly sacrificed at the 1st, 3rd, 7th, 14th, 21st, 28th day after MCAO. The expressions of NF in peri-ischemic cortex were detected with immunohistochemistry staining. ResultsThe expression of NF in the peri-ischemia cortex in enriched environment group and learning group was higher than that in other two groups (P<0.01) after 7 days, it also was higher in social communication group than that in individual living group (P<0.05). ConclusionEnriched environment and learning could enhance NF expression in rats after unilateral local cerebral infarction.