OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the quality of solid lipid nanoparticle of the skin extract of Bufobufo gargarzans. METH-ODS:The morphology of solid lipid nanoparticle of the skin extract of B. gargarzans was observed by TEM. The particle size was determined by laser scattering particle size analyzer. The contents of cinobufagin and resibufogenin, encapsulation efficiency, drug-loading amount and accumulative release rate of cinobufagin were determined by HPLC. The stability of nanoparticle was in-vestigated within 24 h at 60,25 and 4 ℃. RESULTS:The solid lipid nanoparticle of the skin extract of B. gargarzans were uni-form in particle size and showed round and spheroidicity shape;average particle size was(138.5±4.2)nm,The encapsulation effi-ciency of cinobufagin and resibufogenin were 90.60% and 91.51%,and drug-loading amount were 35.82% and 44.15%. The accu-mulative release rate of cinobufagin was 50%at 4 h and reached 88%at 48 h,which was in line with Weibull equation(r=0.9438). Under 3 kinds of temperature conditions,encapsulation efficiency decreased gradually as the holding time of nanoparticle pro-longed;the decrease degree was the smallest at 4 ℃.CONCLUSIONS:The quality evaluation results of solid lipid nanoparticle of the skin extract of B. gargarzans are in line with the standard,and prepared nanoparticles show sustained-release effects and should be kept under low temperature.

damage possibly by inhibiting the activation of NF-κB,accelerating the apoptosis of pancreatic ceils and reducing release of pancreatic enzyme.

Objective To determine the in vitro antifungal effects of closantel against Candida albicans.Methods A microdilution method was used to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC)of fluconazole alone and in combination with closantel against Candida albicans standard strain CAF-2.Ten strains of Candida albicans were cultured in RPMI-1640 liquid culture containing 10％ calf serum with or without the presence of closantel at 16 mg/L,followed by the observation of hypha formation.Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were performed to observe the ultrastructure of Candida albicans CAF-2 strain after exposure to closantel at 16 mg/L for 24 hours.Results Closantel could inhibit the growth of Candida albicans,and enhance the antifungal effect of fluconazole against Candida albicans in vitro.The percentage of Candida albicans forming hypha was 91.2％ ± 3.9％ in untreated Candida albicans,significantly higher than that in closantel-treated Candida albicans (29.8％ ± 5.1％,t =30.24,P ＜ 0.05).As TEM showed,closantel-treated Candida albicans gave a round,oval or pleomorphic appearance,with an irregular budding from the cell surface.Further more,the electron dense layer in the outer layer of cell wall was absent or unevenly distributed,the transparent layer was irregularly thickened,some cell membrane was locally disrupted or collapsed,and intracellular vacuoles increased after closantel treatment.Scanning microscopy revealed a rough surface,sparse and irregular budding of Candida albicans after treatment with closantel.Conclusion Closantel exhibits a promising anti-Candida albicans property in vitro.

Objective To explore the correlation between coronary lesions and homocysteine and the plasma homocysteine changes before and after coronary intervention treatment.Methods By the transmission immune method than turbidity,respectively,89 patients with acute coronary syndrome test group and 28 coronary artery of the normal group Hcy level and 70 routine coronary stents after implantation of Hcy level.Results Acute coronary syndrome group of Hcy content was significantly higher than normal coronary artery (P ＜ 0.01 ).Coronary lesions impact Hcy level,its significant difference( P ＜ 0.01 ).And coronary intervention before and after treatment Hcy no significant differences( P ＞0.05 ).Conclusion High homocysteine is cardiovascular disease of a new and important independent risk factors.Hcy close relations with ACS,positively related,testing their level of change,and can be effectively reaction to the development process of the ACS and prognosis,prevention and treatment for clinical ACS provide reliable basis.Coronary intervention treatment can reduce Hcy whether level and role of blood vessels,is yet to be studied further.

Objective The contents of total sugar,polysaccharide,amino acid,betaine,carotenoid,flavone,hundred-seed weight of Lycium barbarum fruits from eight different habitats in first stubble,prosperous time,and autumn were determined and the ratios of total sugar to betaine were analyzed,in order to classify these indexes,and investigate the relationship with the soil fertility factors.MethodsHPLC and UV-spectrophotometry methods were used to determine the contents and the results were analyzed adopting the clustering,correlation,and variance analysis.Results All the indexes were divided into three parts which were total sugar,betaine,and carotenoid.Various indexes were affected in different degrees by the soil fertility factors.Conclusion The contents of total sugar,betaine,carotenoid,and the ratios of total sugar to betaine could be used to assay the quality of L.barbarum fruits reasonably;The accumulation of each ingredient in L.barbarum fruits is affected by the synergistic effects of all the soil fertility factors,not a single role.It would be beneficial to the fertilization and improvement for the quality of L.barbarum.

OBJECTIVE:To study the dermal pharmacokinetic difference of triptolide in normal and diabetic rats,and to pro-vide reference for rational drug use in the clinic. METHODS:12 Wistar rats were randomly divided into normal group and diabetic model group(0.1%streptozotocin intraperitoneally),with 6 rats in each group. Both group were given Triptolide cream 0.5 g to ab-dominal skin,and dialysate was collected by microdialysis every 30 min for consecutive 12 h. Subcutaneous concentration was de-tected by HPLC-MS,and subcutaneous concentration-time curves were analyzed and compared between two groups,and Winnon-lin 5.0.1 software was used to calculate pharmacokinetic parameters. RESULTS:The pharmacokinetic parameters of normal group and diabetic model group were that cmax were(1.54±0.37)and(5.12±1.34)μg/ml;tmax were(7.32±0.24)and(6.21±0.35)h;AUC0-12 h were (12.65 ± 4.64) and (37.43 ± 5.23)μg·h/ml,with statistical significance (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS:The change of dermal structure caused by diabetes can increase percutaneous penetration amount of triptolide in rats,and drug dosage should be reduced according to circumstances so as to reduce side effects.

Objective:To investigate the association of XPD rs13181 (codon751A/C, Lys751Gln), rs238406 (codon156C/A, Arg156Arg), XPC rs2279017 (i11C/A), and XRCC4 rs3734091 (codon247T/C, Ala247Ser) polymorphisms with colorectal cancer (CRC) susceptibility. Methods:A total of 338 patients with CRC who were treated at the Beijing Cancer Hospital from April 2013 to January 2016 (case group) and 315 healthy controls (control group) were genotyped using TaqMan technology. Results:The genotype GT and G alleles of XPD rs13181 increased the risk of CRC (GT>TT, adjusted OR=1.69, 95%CI=1.15-2.47, P=0.007;G>T, adjusted OR=1.77, 95%CI=1.19-2.64, P=0.005). The genotype GT and T alleles of XRCC4 rs3734091 increased the susceptibility of CRC (GT>GG, adjusted OR=9.02, 95%CI=5.61-14.50, P<0.001;T>G, adjusted OR=4.06, 95%CI=2.49-6.61, P<0.001). Analyses of XPD rs13181 and rs238406 indicated that the haplotype GT significantly decreased the risk of CRC (adjusted OR=0.39, 95%CI=0.18-0.85, P=0.018). Moreover, the combinations of the XPC rs2279017 G allele and the XRCC4 rs3734091 T allele (adjusted OR=28.43, 95%CI=6.85-117.95, P<0.001) and the XPD rs13181 G allele and the XRCC4 rs3734091 T allele (adjusted OR=10.24, 95%CI=4.69-22.35, P<0.001) exhibited significantly increased CRC risk. Conclusion:The polymorphisms of XPD rs13181 and XRCC4 rs3734091 increased the risk of CRC.

OBJECTIVE： To study the anti-thrombotic， choleretic and anti-ulcerous actions of Rhizoma Ligustici.METHODS： Experiments were carried out on conventional models of choleresis and ulceration， and on a thrombotic model of using direct current continuously to stimulate the unilateral carotid artery of anesthetic rat.RESULTS： Alcoholic extract of Rhizoma Ligustici 3g herb/kg and 10g herb/kg id or ig， increased choleresis and prolonged the time for arterial thrombosis induced by electric stimulation in rats， but did not prolonged coagulative time， PT and KPTT.The extract 5g herb/kg and 15g herb/kg ig， inhibited the formation of gastric ulcers induced by water immersion， stress， HCl and indomethacin-alcohol in mice.CONCLUSION： Rhizoma Ligustici has anti-thrombotic choleretic and anti-ulcerous actions.

Objective To analyze the semen quality in the outpatients from 3 male infertile clinics of Foshan city.Methods The semen from 1 865 outpatients with male infertility was detected and analyzed routinely by the CASA technology in strict accordance with the WHO operation technical specifications.The outpatients were divided into the normal group,mild,moderate and severe as-thenospermia groups according to the sperm vitality.Results There were 524 (28.1%)cases of abnormal sperm concentration,826 (44.3%)cases of abnormal sperm viability,985 (52.8%)cases of abnormal sperm motility,713 cases (38.2%)of teratosperm and 652 (35.0%)cases of leukocytospermia in all outpatients;the motion parameters were decreased along with the decrease of activity in each group,in which,the 6 indicators of VSL,VAP,VCL,LIN,STR and WOB were significantly lower than those in the normal activity group with statistical differences(P <0.05),furthermore,the sperm vitality had staitstcally significant differences among the mild,moderate and severe asthenospermia groups (P <0.05).Conclusion In the routine parameter indicators,the sort order of the percentage of abnormal results in turn were sperm motility、sperm viability、sperm deformity rate、semen WBC、sperm concentra-tion、semen liquefaction time、semen pH.With reduced sperm motility,the sperm motion parameters of VSL,VCL,VAP,LIN,STR and WOB were decreased,the results of each group were significantly lowered (P <0.05).

Objective To investigate the functional activity and connectivity of the insular cortex at rest in persons with low back pain (LBP).Methods Twelve healthy subjects (male 6,female 6 ; age 24.8 ± 3.3 years) were given fMRI 3.0T scans at rest.Back muscle pain was then induced with an intramuscular injection of 3％ hypertonic saline solution and a second scan was performed.The pain-free and in-pain fMRI data were compared using paired t-tests to highlight any changes in the functional connectivity of the anterior and posterior insular cortex on both sides.Pain severity was quantified using a visual analogue scale (VAS).Results Ratings of LBP severity peaked at 6.02 ± 1.96 on the VAS.The functional connectivity of the inferior insular cortex with the frontal cortex,the thalamus and the parahippocampal gyrus was enhanced when the subjects were in pain,but connectivity with the posterior cingulate cortex,the precuneus,the temporal cortex,the paracentral lobule and the cerebellar tonsil was reduced.The inferior parietal lobule exhibited significantly enhanced connectivity with the anterior insular cortex,but reduced connectivity with the posterior insular cortex.In addition,the medial cingulate cortex displayed decreased functional connectivity with the anterior insular cortex,but increased functional connectivity with the posterior insular cortex when the subjects were in pain.Conclusion This study has revealed impeded functional connectivity of the insular cortex when experiencing LBP at rest.This may possibly be related to pain's disruption of cognition and emotion.