The effect of Alternariol Monomethyl Ether (AME), a suspected carcinogen in human being, on the lipid peroxidation in the epithelia of fetal esophagus and stomach was studied. The epithelia of esophagus and stomach of human fetus induced labor with water-bag were treated with AME. Lipid peroxides were measured by thiobarbituric acid test for malondialdehyde (MDA). There was a positive correlation between the values of MDA levels and AME dosaeges. It demonstrated that the lipid peroxdation could be initiated with AME. Lipid peroxidation levels were increased following treatment time elongating. The values of MDA levels in esophagus were higher than those in stomach, which were treated with the same dosaege of AME. It showed that AME had an organ selectivity. These results indicate that AME may be one of genetoxic etiological factors of esophageal carcinoma in Linxian county.

Objective To investigate the operative procedure and the clinical result of the modified rectangle cross-finger flap based on the dorsal branches in the middle phalange to repair degloved avulsion of fingertip.Methods From January 2006 to March 2010,26 patients with the avulsions of fingertip were treated by the modified rectangle cross-finger flap based on the dorsal branch in the middle phalange of adjacent finger.There were 21 men and 5 women,with an average age of 31.6 years(range,17-56 years).Fourteen cases were crushed by machine,8 cases were pressed and 4 cases were tied.There were 8 index fingers,9 long fingers,4 ring fingers and 5 little fingers.The length of the avulsion was 1.1-2.6 cm.The flap was harvested from the dorsal of contiguous digital of their middle and proximal segment.The both dorsal branches of the both proper palmar digital nerves were cut off and were anatomized with the nerve end of the injured digit.The area of flaps ranged from 3.6 cm×2.3 cm-6.5 cm×3.2 cm.The donors were closed by skin graft.Results The pedicels were cut when 13-23 d after operation.Twenty-five patients were followed up for 6-28 months(mean,16.3 months).All flaps survived with satisfactory appearance,sensation and function.All flaps and donors were primary healing.Two point discrimination was 6-9 mm with an average of 7.8 mm.The postoperative outcomes were evaluated by the total active movement.The results were excellent in 17fingers,good in 7,and fair in 1.The rate of excellent and good was 96%.Conclusion The treatment of degloved avulsion of fingertip with the modified rectangle cross-finger flap based on the dorsal branch in the middle phalange is recommendable.The operative procedure of harvesting the flap is simple.There is enough blood to supply the flap and the surviving rate is high.The postoperative function of the injured hand can be recovered satisfactorily.The figure of flap is well and the sense of flap is sensitive.The technique can be operated in the last 4 fingers without thumb.

Objective To provide morphological evidences for visual field defect caused by the compression of the saddle area tumors.Methods The shape and position of the optic chiasma and its surrounding saddle diaphragm,pituitary,internal carotid artery,and perforating arteries of optic chiasma were studied from 80 adult.Results Its maximum angle was 100° in anterior horn with prechiasmatic space, and minimum angle was 40° with postfixed optic chiasma.The area of optic chiasma averaged(1.32±0.04)cm2,the thickness of saddle diaphragm was 0.58 mm,and about 5% of saddie diaphragm did not exist.The foramen of saddle diaphragm pushed into the opposite side was 52.5%,and the maximum diameter was 7.8 mm×9.8 mm.The pituitary was found inferior to the saddle diaphragm foramen in 78%(62/80).In 76.3%(61/80) brains,the carotid artery touched chiasm opticum.Conclusions Visual field defect caused by compression from pituitary tumor and craniopharyngioma is directly related with the shape of the optic chiasma and its surrounding structures.

A platinum-based doublet with a third-generation agent represents the standard first-line treatment for advanced non-small cell lung cancer patients with good performance status (PS). Traditional chemotherapy provides response rates of 20 %-40 % and a median survival of 8-10 months. In an attempt to improve its outcome, alternative schedules have been proposed, namely sequential, alternating, and maintenance therapy. Sequential chemotherapy with a platinum-based doublet followed by a single agent is feasible in patients with good PS; The use of sequential single agents is an option for elderly and frail patients unsuitable for a platinum-based combination. Based on trials published so far, it is unlikely that an alternating chemotherapy strategy will be proved superior to standard chemotherapy in patients with good PS.Consolidation chemotherapy may provide additional benefit for patients achieving disease control after standard first-line chemotherapy.

Aim To study the chemical constituents of Rhododendron ovatum Planch. Methods The chemical constituents were isolated and purified by silica gel column chromatography and identified on the basis of their physiochemical and spectral data. Results Seven compounds were isolated and identified. Their structures were established as 3,5,7-trihydroxylchromone 3-O-β-D-xylopyranoside (I), taraxerol (II), β-sitosterol (III), betulinic acid (IV), quercetin (V), quercetin-3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside (VI), and D-glucose (VII). Conclusion Compound I is a new compound. Compounds II-VII were isolated from this plant for the first time.

Objective To study the expression and clinical significance of toll-like receptor (TLR) 4 and TLR7 in primary nephrotic syndrome (PNS) of different pathological types in children. Methods Renal expressions of TLR4 and TLR7 were amined and analyzed retrospectively in renal biopsy specimens from 110 PNS patients and 21 healthy controls by immunohisto-chemical method. According to the renal pathologic classification of PNS, the TLR4 and TLR7 expression levels in PNS of dif-ferent types were compared. Results Compared with the renal tissue of healthy controls, the expression level of TLR4 on renal tissue of PNS patients was significantly increased (P<0.01). Among MN, MsPGN and FSGS, the highest expression of TLR4 was observed in MCD (P<0.01). Compared with the renal tissue of healthy controls, the expression level of TLR7 in re-nal tissue of PNS patients was also significantly increased (P<0.01). Among MCD, MN and FSGS, the highest expression of TLR7 was observed in MsPGN (P<0.01). Conclusions TLR4 and TLR7 expression levels are increased in renal tissue of PNS patients and the expression levels may be correlated with renal pathological types.

Objective To study the inhibitory effects of modification c-myc antisense oligodeoxynucleotide (ASODN) on the growth of renal carcinoma cell line (GRC-1) and cell cycle. Methods We transfected c-myc antisense oligodeoxynucleeride in renal carcinoma cell line to investigate the effect of c-myc ASODN on it. Results ① By MTT assay,we found that the c-myc ASODN significantly inhibited the growth of carcinoma cell, compared with sense and mismatch ODN. The growth-inhibition rate of 12 ?mol?L -1 c-myc ASODN group of renal carcinoma cell was 47% at 48 hour, and the inhibitory effect increased with the increase of ASODN dosage and changed with ASODN time. ② The measurements by flow cytometry proved that ASODN mainly blocked the G 1 to S of the cycling of renal carcinoma cell. Conclusion c-myc ASODN can inhibit the growth of renal carcinoma cells with sequence specificity and cycling specificity.

Objective To investigate the effect of lovastatin on hyperlipemia of children with nephrotic syndrom.Methods 43 cases of nephrotic syndrome were randomly divided into treatment group (n=21) and control group (n=22), all of which were given prednisone.Lovastatin was added to the treatment group.Before treatment and one month after treatment liver function and serum lipide were measured.Results The levels of serum apolipoprotein B (ApoB),total cholesterol (TC), trigtycerides (TG), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL C) and lipoprotein (a) (Lpa) were obviously decreased compared with that before treament (P

Objective To investigate the relationship of the chemical coding enteric nervous system of the mice and expression for neurotransmittor of enteric primary afferent neurons for Nociceptors.Methods Immunocytochemical and morphometric techniques were used to quantify the distribution of IB4-containing neurons in mice enteric nervous system using three mice chiocing every vision 50 neurons undering confocal microscopy IB4 immunolabelling and colocalized with calretinin and lectin B4.Results IB4 being binded to primary afferent neurons of enteric pleuxes happend in small intestin and colon of mice,where it was selective for nociceptive neurons.IB4 revealed large round or oval(Dogiel type II)neurons,type I neurons with prominent laminar dendrites and small neurons of myenteric ganglia.The type II neurons were immunoreactive for calretinin,and some type I neurons were immunoreactive for nitric oxide synthase.Most neurons in the submucosal ganglia bound IB4,and some of these were vasoactive intestinal peptide immunoreactive.Conclusion The results indicate that IB4 labels specific subgroups of enteric neurons in the enteric nervous system of the mice.These include intrinsic primary afferent neurons,but other neurons,including secretomotor neurons,are labeled.The results suggest that IB4 is not a specific label for enteric nociceptive neurons.

Objective To observe the protective effect of ? receptor antagonist(Vasobral) against the aging process in rats otoconia morphology.Methods 15 healthy Wistar rats were subdivided into 3 groups:Normal control( n=5 ),aging group( n=5 ) and aging plus Vasobral group( n=5 ).Results The aged otlith took the form of clew-like fusion,flattening and some giant otoconia.And there was also some sphericand strange otoconia.In the region of transitional cells,there was many otoconia phagocytosis.Some scraps of saccule lost cilia,And the otoconia in the Vasobral group appeared to be spheric and some of them adhered together,but this phenomenon was not wide-spread.No giant otoconia was found in this group.The otoconia in the transitional region was less compared with the aged group.Conclusion ? receptor antagonist(Vasobral) has the effect of protection on the aging process of the otoconia.