Isolated otolith dysfunction(iOD) involves a group of unexplained vestibular syndromes that manifest clinically as a sense of translation, tilting or floating, and blurred vision with head movement, with normal semicircular canal function but abnormal otolith function on laboratory vestibular testing. As vestibular medicine has gained widespread popularity in recent years, increasing attention has also been paid to iOD and case reports, clinical studies and diagnostic criteria have been published. However, there is no consensus document to guide the diagnosis of this disease in China. In this context, the Special Committee on Vertigo of China Medical Education Association organized a group of domestic experts in vestibular medicine and formulated this diagnostic consensus after thorough discussion based on the latest evidence in China and abroad, in order to promote the best clinical practice for iOD.
Humans ; Otolithic Membrane ; Vestibular Diseases/diagnosis* ; Vertigo/diagnosis* ; Vestibule, Labyrinth ; Semicircular Canals

The study and treatment of the music therapy is very popular in Europe and America. While the Chi-nese traditional music therapy is still in the stage of excavation, both the theory and clinical practice are waiting for exploration and development. Through the formation of twelve temperaments and twelve temperaments system, this article discussed the twelve temperaments which reflect the yin and yang of twelve months, and the five in-ternal organs reflect the yin and yang of the four season . The author thinks that the twelve temperaments can pre-vent and treat diseases of five zang-organs, and puts forward the train of thought of prevention and treatment of five zang-organs diseases with twelve temperaments combining with Siqi theory.

Objective To observe the protective effect of ? receptor antagonist(Vasobral) against the aging process in rats otoconia morphology.Methods 15 healthy Wistar rats were subdivided into 3 groups:Normal control( n=5 ),aging group( n=5 ) and aging plus Vasobral group( n=5 ).Results The aged otlith took the form of clew-like fusion,flattening and some giant otoconia.And there was also some sphericand strange otoconia.In the region of transitional cells,there was many otoconia phagocytosis.Some scraps of saccule lost cilia,And the otoconia in the Vasobral group appeared to be spheric and some of them adhered together,but this phenomenon was not wide-spread.No giant otoconia was found in this group.The otoconia in the transitional region was less compared with the aged group.Conclusion ? receptor antagonist(Vasobral) has the effect of protection on the aging process of the otoconia.

Objective To investigate the diagnosis and treatments of delayed endolymphatic hydrops(DEH).Methods A restrospective study was conducted in 37 cases of DEH.who were tested with pure tone threshold,vestibular evoked myogenic potentials,high stimulation rate auditory brainstem response audiometry and vestibular ruction test.Conservative drug therapy was the major treatment.Results All the 37 patients had sensorineural hearing loss up to the medium-severe degrees at least.Twenty-five had hearing loss and endolymphatic hydrops on the same side,nine had contralateral type and three bilateral type.Ten cases had abnormal horizontal semicircular canal(HSCC) hydrops and saccular hydrops.Nine cases had abnormal HSCC function and nomal saccular function.Fifteen cases had abnormal saccular function and normal HSCC function.Twenty-five abnomalVEMP showed of loss of p13-n23,prolonged latencies of p13 and depressed amplitude cases with of p13-n23.18 cases were completely relieved from vertigo in a week.17 cases improved until totally relieved in two weeks,while the rest 2 cases that were subject to chemistry labyrinthectomy free of vertigo attack.Conclusion Pure tone threshold,EcochG,bithermal caloric test and vestibular evoked myogenic potentials are important diagnosis methods of delayed endolymphatic hydrops.Consevative drug therapy,especially diuretics and vascular dilation may play a major role in the treatment of delayed endolymphatic hydrops.

Hearing Loss ; complications ; diagnosis ; metabolism ; Humans ; Multiple Acyl Coenzyme A Dehydrogenase Deficiency ; complications ; diagnosis

Objective To investigate the prevalence of BPPV in patients with Meniere’s Disease(MD),and to investigate the diagnostic and predictive values of VEMP in patients with MD and BPPV.Methods A total of 1 1 6 patients previously diagnosed MD were followed up through telephone about their BPPV-like attacks.We recorded the detailed history of BPPV-like attacks,and provided them with complete Dix-Hallpike and roll tests if patients were on their BPPV-like attacks.Results In all,4 patients'histories supported BPPV,and 4 patients were found with BPPV.The prevalence of BPPV in patients with MD was 3 .4%(4/1 1 6 ).Meniere's symptoms preceded the on-set of BPPV in 8 patients.In 4 confirmed BPPV patients with Meniere's disease,BPPV was limited to the same ear as the MD in 2 cases,and 1 had contralateral BPPV,and 1 was uncertain.Six histories supported or confirmed BP-PVpatients with high abnormal oVEMP rates (5/6).Four in this 5 (80%)had abnormal oVEMP of the same MD ear.The single repositioning procedures can improve vertigo and eliminated positional nystagmus in cases of BPPV associated with MD.Conclusion In the present study,the prevalence of BPPV in patients with MD was 3 .45%.De-tailed medical histories combined with Dix-Hallpike and roll tests and VEMP tests can identify BPPV in patients with MD.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the roles of otolith organs in the occurrence and recurrence of primary benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) by vestibular evoked myogenic potential (VEMP) test. METHOD: We enrolled 17 recurrent primary BPPV patients and 42 non-recurrent primary BPPV patients between September 2014 and November 2014. All patients underwent VEMP tests, including cervical vestibular evoked myogenic potential (cVEMP and ocular vestibular evoked myogenic potential (oVEMP) tests. The abnormal case was defined as non-elicitation or asymmetry rate between bilateral sides is larger than 29%. RESULT: Significant difference was found in abnormal rate between cVEMP and oVEMP (P < 0.05 ) in BPPV patients. The abnormal rate of oVEMP was higher than that of cVEMP. Significant difference was found in abnormal rate in oVEMP test between recurrent and non-recurrent groups (P < 0.01) but not in cVEMP( P > 0.05). No significant difference was found in sex and age between recurrent and non-recurrent groups (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION The impairment of otolith organs, especially the utricle, is related to primary BPPV. Dysfunction of utricle may play a role in recurrence of BPPV. Recurrence of BPPV is not correlated with sex and age.
Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo ; physiopathology ; Humans ; Otolithic Membrane ; physiopathology ; Recurrence ; Saccule and Utricle ; physiopathology ; Vestibular Evoked Myogenic Potentials

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the abnormal conditions of the affected ear and the contralateral ear of patients with unilateral Meniere's disease and the prevalence of bilateral abnormalities among these unilateral Meniere disease population, providing reference for the clinical treatment strategies for Meniére disease. METHOD: A retrospective analysis of 106 Meni6re disease cases was performed, the abnormal incidence of the affected ears, the contralateral ears and the bilateral abnormalities were calculated, and the disease characteristics were analyzed. RESULT: The bilateral ears abnormal incidence of unilateral Meniére disease was 35. 85% (38/106); the cochlear symptoms of the contralateral ears often occurred 2. 25 years later of the symptoms of Meni6re disease; contralateral cochlear symptoms included at least two symptoms of tinnitus, deafness and ear fullness; 39. 47%(15/38) patients with bilateral abnormalities would appear binaural hearing impairment. CONCLUSION This study showed that about one-third of unilateral Meniére diseases have binaural symptoms, among which about one-third would occur bilateral hearing loss. Therefore, it is necessary to consider the course of disease and the symptoms of the contralateral ear before taking damage or destructive method for treating Meniére's disease clinically.
Cochlea ; physiopathology ; Deafness ; Ear ; abnormalities ; Hearing Loss, Bilateral ; epidemiology ; Humans ; Incidence ; Meniere Disease ; epidemiology ; Prevalence ; Retrospective Studies ; Tinnitus

Objective To investigate the effect of glucagon-like peptide-1(GLP-1) in a dose related manner on glucose metabolism after 65% hepatectomy in rats.Methods We determined the serum glucose levels of hepatomized rats at 0,5,10,20,and 30 minutes after an intravenous glucose load(IVGTT,0.5 g/kg glucose) on the first postoperative day,and the changes of blood glucose,serum insulin and glucagon concentrations of hepatomized rats that received the volum load with normal saline or 0.3 nmol/kg GLP-1,0.45 nmol/kg GLP-1 respectively.Blood was drawn for determination of glucose(glucose oxidase),insulin,glucagon,and GLP-1(radioimmunoassay).Results The peak glucose and 30-minute glucose levels and the area under the curve(AUC 0-30) were significantly higher in the hepatomized rats compared to the control rats,which had not undergone any operation and received a same intravenous glucose load(0.5 g/kg glucose with normal saline)(P0.05).Nevertheless the peak glucose and 30-minute glucose levels and AUC 0-30 of the hepatomized rats that received with 0.45 nmol/kg GLP-1 were significantly lower compared to the rats that received the same volum load with normal saline or 0.3 nmol/kg GLP-1 respectively after liver resection.There was an increasing postoperative serum concentration of glucose,insulin,glucagon on the first day,then,the serum glucose concentration was significantly lowered after infusion of GLP-1 in rats undergoing hepatectomy(P

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of ZHU Lian's acupuncture-activatingmethod in treating deglutition disorder due to pseudobulbar palsy after cerebral stroke.Method Sixty patients with deglutition disorder due to pseudobulbar palsy after cerebral stroke in acute stage were randomized into an observation group and a control group, 30 cases in each group. The two groups both received symptomatic neurological treatment. In the two groups, acupoints including Lianquan (CV23), Huiyan (Extra), Baihui (GV20), and bilateral Shuaigu (GB8), Wangu (GB12), Zhaohai (KI6), Lieque (LU7),and Yinlingquan (SP9) were selected. The observation group was intervened by ZHU Lian's acupuncture-activating method; the control group was intervened by ordinary needling method plus G6805 therapeutic appliance with sparse-dense wave for 20 min. Prior tothe treatment and after 10 treatment courses, the two groups were evaluated by using Videofluoroscopic Swallowing Study (VFSS) and Kubota's water drinking test for swallowing function.Result After 10 treatment courses, the total effective rate was 96.7%in the observation group versus 83.3% in the control group, and the between-group difference was statistically significant (P<0.05); the VFSS score in the observation group was significantly different from that in the control group (P<0.01); the water drinking test score in the observation group was significantly different from that in the control group (P<0.01). The results indicated that the therapeutic efficacy was more significant in the observation group compared to that in the control group.Conclusion ZHU Lian's acupuncture-activating method can produce a more significant efficacy in treating deglutition disorder due to pseudobulbar palsy after cerebral stroke in acute stage compared with sparse-dense-wave electroacupuncture.