Diabetes mellitus has became a growing public health problem,its acute and chronic complications threaten the patient's dramatically.HbA1c is recognized as the gold standard for blood glucose evaluation in patients with diabetes It has reported that the incideut rafe of diabetes related will decline remarkably when HbA1c decline by 1％,so the detection accuracy of the HbA1c is very important in the diabetes patient's management.Uncertainty of measurement can reflect the detation accuracy,which will benifite the value of HbA1c.

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of scalp plus body acupuncture in treating urticaria.Method Eighty urticaria patients were randomized into a treatment group of 42 cases and a control group of 38 cases. The treatment group was intervened by scalp plus body acupuncture, while the control group was treated with conventional body acupuncture. The two groups were treated once every other day, 10 sessions as a treatment course. The symptoms and signs scores and serum immunoglobulin E (IgE) level were observed before the treatment and after 2 treatment courses, and the clinical efficacies were also compared between the two groups.Result The total effective rate and recovery rate were respectively 92.9% and 61.9% in the treatment group, versus 76.3% and 36.8% in the control group, and the between-group differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). After the treatment, the symptoms and signs scores significantly declined in both groups (P<0.05), and the symptoms and signs scores in the treatment group were markedly different from those in the control group (P<0.05). The serum IgE level in the treatment group after the intervention was significantly lower than that before the intervention (P<0.05). After the treatment, the serum IgE level in the treatment group was significantly different from that in the control group (P<0.05).Conclusion Scalp plus body acupuncture is an effective method in treating urticaria.

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ObjectiveTo study on the hyperlipidemia patient plasma cause atherosclerosis index and the blood,blood serum uric acid sticks and so on thrombosis risk factors of the relationship.Methods81 patients with hyperlipidemia patient and 80 cases of normal blood fat crowd as the research object,the two groups were measured blood fat including total bravery solid alcohol ( TC ),triglycerides (TG),high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ( hdl-c ),low dense white lipoprotein LDL( solid bravery alcohol-C) levd,blood uric acid,whole blood viscosity,platelet aggregation function and serum C-reactive protein(CRP) content,and according to the TG and hdl-c than of both the logarithm of conversion values calculated the two groups of the plasma to atherosclerosis values,and by using the DuoYuan linear regression analysis with the blood acid,whole blood viscosity,platelet aggregation function and serum levels of CRP relationship.ResultsObservation group AIP(2.25 ±0.18) was significantly higher( 1.31 ±0.15 ) ( t =46.71,P ＜ 0.05 ),and AIP and LDL-C,uric acid,whole blood viscosity,platelet aggregation was positively correlated ( r =0.86,0.85,0.79,0.81,0.77,all P ＜ 0.05 ),with HDL-C was negatively correlated ( r =-0.69,P ＜ 0.05 ).ConclusionPatients with hyperlipidemia plasma cause atherosclerosis index and patients,such as blood uric acid blood viscosity thrombosis dangerous close by,by early know patients plasma to atherosclerosis index,and monitor patients early blood uric acid and blood viscosity,thrombosis risk factors level,to facilitate accurate assessment of some patients with cardiovascular disease risk,and to guide to take reasonable early intervention measures,reduce cardiovascular events.

Objective To construct the RNA interference eukaryotic expression vector targeting human centromere protein-I (CENP-I) and to observe its effect on the growth of human embryo kidney 293 cells (HEK 293). Methods The expression vectors of pGenesil-1/CENP-I-siRNA-1. pGenesil-1/CENP-I-siRNA-2 and pGenesil-1/CENP-I-siRNA-3 were constructed by gene recombination and then were transfected into the HEK293 cells by liposome. The expressions of CENP-I at the protein and mRNA levels were detected by Western blotting and fluorescence quality PCR (FQ-PCR). The effective vector and the best transfection time were selected. The growth and the cell cycle of the transfected cells were assessed by MTT assay and flow cytometry. Giemsa was used to stain the transfected cells to calculate the mitotic index. Results Sequence-specific siRNAs targeting CENP-I significantly down-regulated the expression of CENP-I in HEK293 cells. The recombinant plasmid of pGenesil-1/CENP-I-siRNA-3 was the effective vector. After transfecting for 72 h the best inhibited efficiency was achieved. In CENP-I-siRNA transfected cells,the rate of cell growth was decreased markedly. Cells at G 2/M phase and the mitotic index were increased conspicuous compared with the cells transfected with the blank vector or untransfected. Conclusion Down-regulation of CENP-I in HEK293 cells by sequence specific siRNA delays the cell growth and postpones the cell division.

Objective To investigate the expression of human spindle mitosis arrest deficiency gene (hsMAD2)in spontaneous abortion embryos and the relationship between low expression of hsMAD2 and numerical chromosomal aberration. Methods Spontaneous abortion embryo tissues were collected,including 23 cases of once spontaneous abortion tissue and 10 cases of twice or more spontaneous abortion tissue and induced abortion embryos(35 cases)from the Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics of the Affilisted Hospitals of Chongqing University of Medical Science during the period of March 2006 to March 2007.FQ-PCR and western blot were used to evaluate the endogenous expression level of hsMAD2 mRNA and hsMAD2 protein;primary culturing of cells from the induced abortion embryos was conducted and 5 embryonic cells were selected by chromosomes karyotype analysis.Recombinant shRNA plasmids targeting hsMAD2 gene were constructed to inhibit the expression of endogenous hsMAIY2 genes in embryonic cells which have normal karyotypes;the groups were defined as the first experimental group(transfeeted with pshRNA-hsMAD2-1),the second experimental group(transfected with pshRNA-hsMAD2-2),the third experimental group(transfected with pshRNA-hsMAD2-3),the first control group(transfected with nothing),the second control group(transfected with pTZU6+1)and the independent group(transfected with pshRNA-N1).Interference efficiency was demonstrated by FQ-PCR and western blot:cell prolireration was meagured by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium(MTT)assay;cell-cycle was assessed by flow cytometry (FCM):the chromosome numbers were calculated to analyze the variation of chromosomes.Results(1) The mRNA levels of hsMAD2 in the once spontaneous abortion tissue,twice or more spontaneous abortion tissue and indueed abortion tissue were 0.00879±0.00035.0.00901±0.00033 and 0.00941±0.00026 respectively,and there Wag no significant ditierence(P＞0.05)compared with each other;however,the protein levels of hsMAD2 in three groups were 0.2791±0.0311.0.0431±0.0020 and 0.5790±0.0331 respectively,and there were significant difierences(P＜0.05)compared with each other.(2)Recombinant shRNA plagmids could significantly and specifically inhibit hsMAD2 gene expression in embryonic cells.Compared with the first control group(4%)and the second control group(3%),the recombinant shRNA could inhibit embryonic cell proliferation to 54% at 48 h after transfection(P＜0.05):compared with the first control group(8.2%)and the second control group(8.0%),the ratios of G2/M phase cells in the experimental group(17.9%)was significantly increased(P＜0.05);compared with the first control group (4.8%),the ratios of abnormal chromosomes in the experimental group was increased to 30.0%(P＜0.05).Conclusions Down-expression of hsMAD2 gene may be one of the mechanisms inducing numerical chromosome aberration,abnormal embryo development and the occurrence of spontaneous abortion.

Objective To explore the mechanism of hBUB1 gene in the developing of spontaneous abortion embryos with numerical chromosomal abnormalitv.Methods Quantitative real-time RT-PCR and Western blot were used to determine the mRNA and protein level of hsMAD2 gene both in spontaneous abortion embryos with numerical chromosomal abnormality(experimental group)and with numerical chromosomal normality(control group).Recombinant shRNA plasmids targeting hBUB1 gene was constructed to inhibit the expression of endogenous hBUB1 genes in embryonic cells.Interference efficiency was demonstrated by fluorescent quantitative PCR and Western blot.The inhibitory rate of cell proliferation was measured by MTT assay and cells-cycle was assessed by flow cytometry.Resuns Western blot analysis showed that protein level of hBUB1 in the experimental group was decreased signifieandv(the rate of positivity and strong positivity were 8%and 93.5%,respectively,P＜0.05)compared with the control group.The expression of hBUB1 gene in embryonic cells was significantly and specially inhibited by shRNA plasmids (the mRNA level before and after treatment witll RNAi were 0.196±0.067 and 0.042±0.006,respectively,P＜0.05).The inhibitory rate of cell proliferation was increased to 62%from 4%at 48 h after transfection.The rate of G2/M phase cells was decreased after transfection with efficient shRNA(control group:40.2%and 41.3%,test group:21.3%).Conclusions Down-regulation of hBUB1 gene leads to the inhibition of cell proliferation and the arrest of cell-cycle.It also probably plays an important role in the development of spontaneous abortion embryos with numerical chromosomal abnormality.The clinical relevance warrant further investigation.

Objective To investigate how to improve test quality by monitoring and analyzing 15 clinical laboratory quality indicators from the National Health and Family Planning Commission .Methods Data were collected from clinical laboratory department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University between January 2011 and August 2015.15 quality indicators were analyzed retrospectively , including the error rate of specimen type , the coefficient variation unqualified rate of internal quality control test, the reporting rate of critical value , et al.Results The monitoring results of quality indicators basically satisfied the quality goals , except that the median of turn around time in pre-analytical phase was not established, routine internal quality control was not conducted in some laboratory tests in analytical phase and the reporting rate and reporting timely rate of critical value should be further improved in post -analytical phase .Conclusion Medical laboratory quality system can be continuously improved by means of setting up the quality goals of 15 quality indicators referring to sub-specialty and laboratory tests , as well as automated monitoring, statistics and analysis in LIS.

Objective To explore the optimal HbAlc diagnostic cutpoint in different glucose tolerance populations in the plateau region.Methods (1) 472 diabetes mellitus (DM) patients and highrisk groups accepting diabetes screening in the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical College (217 males and 255 females,≥20 years old,median age 54 years old) were collected,oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and HbAlc were tested.(2) the research subjects were divided into normal glucose adjustment group (NGT),Impaired fasting glucose group (IFG) and (or) Impaired glucose tolerance IGT group and diabetes mellitus (DM) group.The receiver-operating characteristic curve (ROC) was explored to determine the optimal HbA1c diagnostic cut point for IFG,IGT and DM status respectively.Results The average HbA1 c values of NGT,IFG and (or) IGT,DM groups were (6.06 ± 0.11) ％,(6.63 ± 0.11) ％,(8.70 ± 2.08)％ respectively,for IFG and IGT groups,the optimal HbA1c diagnostic cut points were 6.7％ and 6.6％,respectively; If use either FBG or 2 h PG to diagnose DM,the corresponding optimal HbA1 c diagnostic cut point was 7.1％ ; If use anyone of FBG or 2hPG to diagnose DM,the corresponding optimal HbA1c diagnostic cut point was 7.0％ ; If both FBG and 2hPG were used to diagnose DM,the corresponding optimal HbA1 c diagnostic cut point was 7.1％.Conclusion Preliminarily confirm the optimal HbA1c diagnostic cut point in different glucose tolerance populations in the plateau region of Kunming,and provide the evidence for further clinical application of HbA1c.

Objective To observe the radiosensitization effect of Aidi injection on human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells, and to analyze its possible mechanism.Methods ① A549 cells were treated with different concentrations of Aidi injection (1.875, 3.75, 7.5, 15, 30, 60 mg/mL) for 24 hours, and in the mean time, a blank control group was set up; the effect of Aidi injection on lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells proliferation was detected by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay, and the 10% cell growth inhibitor concentration (IC10) was calculated. ② The experiments were divided into blank control, Aidi control, radiation and Aidi pretreatment groups. The Aidi control group was incubated for 24 hours by Aidi injection IC10; the radiotherapy group was given X-ray irradiation of 4 Gy followed by incubation for 24 hours; the Aidi pretreatment group was incubated for 24 hours by Aidi injection IC10 and then given X-ray irradiation of 4 Gy; the blank control group received equal volume of normal saline and was incubated for 24 hours. The survival fraction (SF) value was detected by cell colony formation assay; the protein levels of the serine phosphorylation at 139 locus of histone (γ-H2AX protein), the key protein in homologous recombination repair pathway (Rad51 protein) and the cell autophage characteristic protein (LC3 protein) were detected by Western Blot; the formation of autophagosome was observed by transmission electron microscope.Results Aidi injection possessed the suppression of the growth of human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells, the proliferation of the cells in various Aidi groups was lower than that in the blank control group, with the increase in drug concentration, the A549 cell growth inhibition ratio (IR) was gradually increased, representing a dose dependent manner, and the IC10 was 3.09 mg/mL. Compared with the blank control group, the SF value in Aidi control group was not significantly different [(94.7±3.85)% vs. (100.0±0.00)%,P > 0.05], the SF value in radiation group was decreased [(71.8±5.9)% vs. (100.0±0.0)%,P < 0.05], and in Aidi pretreatment group, the value was further decreased compared with that in radiation group [(51.9±4.7)% vs. (71.8±5.9)%,P < 0.05]. Compared with the blank control group, the expression of γ-H2AX protein in the three treatment groups was significantly increased, the degree of increase in Aidi pretreatment group was the most obvious, and it was significantly higher than that in radiation group (gray value: 1.44±0.11 vs. 0.93±0.09,P < 0.05). But the expression of Rad51 protein was the highest in radiation group, and it was higher than that in Aidi pretreatment group (gray value: 1.37±0.07 vs. 0.78±0.04, P < 0.05). Compared with the blank control group, the LC3Ⅱ/LC3Ⅰ value in Aidi control group, radiation group and Aidi pretreatment group were increased, and the degree of increase in Aidi pretreatment group was the most significant (0.35±0.06, 0.37±0.07, 0.49±0.06 vs. 0.05±0.04, allP < 0.05). Under transmission electron microscope, compared with the blank control group, the autophagosome in all treatment groups was increased to some extent, and the degree of increase in Aidi pretreatment group was the most remarkable.Conclusion Aidi injection has the enhancing effect of radiosensitization on human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells, and its mechanism is possibly related to the up-regulation of A549 cell autophagy level.