Objective To evaluate the value of MRI in diagnosis of meniscus tear of knee joint.Methods MRI manifestations of meniscus tear of knee joint were analyzed in 60 cases.Four-grade classification of meniscus injury was suggested according to Stoller's classification.Results Meniscus tear was seen in 65 menisci of 60 patients,including 15 medial tear,40 lateral tear,and 5 cases(n=10) of bilateral tear.Fifteen lateral discoid menisci were found among the 60 cases of meniscus tear.MRI revealed a accuracy of 90.8%.Thirty-nine cases were complicated by ligament injury,bone contusion,effusion of joint,fracture and meniscus cyst.Conclusion MRI can accurately diagnose meniscus tear and its complication.

Objective To evaluate the value of 16-slice spiral computed tomography angiography(16SCTA) and reconstruction technique in the diagnosis of vascular diseases. Methods Using 0.75 mm collimation,1mm slice thickness and 0.5mm repitition,16SCTA was performed in 100 patients with suspected vascular diseases.Reconstruction methods were multiple planar reconstruction(MPR),maximum intensity projection(MIP) and volume rendering technique(VRT). Results 65 patients were proved by pathology or DSA in 100 vascular diseases,which included cerebral aneurysm(n=8),brain arteriovenous malformation(AVM,n=2),pulmonary AVM(n=6),pulmonary artery embolism with thrombus of the lower limb vein(n=9),pulmonary sequestration(n=4),coronary artery soft plaque and / or calcification(n=20),aortic aneurysm(n=12),renal artery stenosis(n=3),superior mesenteric artery thrombus(n=2),femoral artery stenosis(n=1),soft tissue hemangioma(n=33).Three reconstruction techniques showed the size,shape and extent of the lesion and displayed the lesion in any directions.VRT could display three-dimensionally the lesion.MPR and MIP could show the thrombus of lesion,MIP and VRT could display the calcification of lesion. Conclusion Application of every 16 SCTA reconstruction technique can display clearly lesion and replace DSA in diagnosis of vascular diseases,and provides another reliable diagnostic method for patients and has clinical importance for treatment.

Objective To determine if in vivo detection of choline by1H-magnetic resonance spectroscopy(1H-MRS) could differentiate between benign and malignant bone and soft tissue tumors.Methods MR spectroscopy was performed in 28 cases, including 5 healthy subjects and 23 cases of extremital tumors. Examination was performed by using a point-resolved spectroscopic sequence with echo times of 35,144 and 288 ms.Results 1H-MRS spectrum was different among normal tissue, benign and malignant tumor.Conclusion Choline can be reliable detected in malignant tumor of bone and soft tissue by using1H-MRS.1H-MRS can help differentiate malignant tumor from benign tumor.

Objective To study the characteristics of 31P-MR spectroscopy(31P-MRS) of benign and malignant bone and soft tissue tumors at 3.0 Tesla MR scanner.Methods 41 patients with bone and soft tissue tumors confirmed pathologically were examined with31P-MRS at 3.0 Testa MR scanner using phosphorus surface coil.The areas under the peaks of various metabolites in spectra were measured.The ratios of the other metabolites to ?-ATP,NTP and phosphocreatine(Pcr) were calculated.Intercellular pH was calculated according to the chemical shift change of inorganic phosphours(Pi) relative to Pcr.Acoording the area under the peak,the ratios of other metabolite including phosphomonoester(PME)/?-ATP,phosphodiester(PDE)/?-ATP,?-ATP/Pi,PME/NTP,PDE/NTP,Pcr/Pi and Pcr/PME related to ?-ATP,NTP(NTP=ATP+Pi+Pcr) and Pcr were calculated and dealt with SPS11.5 for Windows software package statistically through the nonparameter test of several independent samples.Results The ratios of Pcr/PME and PME/NTP in benign and malignant tumors were significantly different from those of the normal group(P

Objective To study the role of pulmonary angiography with 16-detector row spiral CT in the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism (PE).Methods Forty-nine patients suspected of having pulmonary embolism were examined prospectively with 16-detector row spiral CT pulmonary angiography.Contrast enhanced 3-mm section thickness was used to scan the entire chest and the raw data were used to perform the reconstruction with 1-mm section thickness and multiplanar reformation (MPR).The axial images of 3-mm,1-mm section thickness,and MPR were compared.Results PE were diagnosed in 42 of 49 patients,and 352 branches were detected,including 8 left or right main pulmonary arteries,96 lobar arteries,132 segmental vessels,and 116 subsegmental arteries.For displaying the emboli in main pulmonary arteries and lobar arteries,the results of the images with 3-mm,1-mm section thicknesses and MPR were identical.But 1-mm-thick section yielded higher rate of detecting emboli in segmental and subsegmental pulmonary arteries compared with 3-mm-thick sections,and there was significant difference statistically (P0.05).Conclusion 16-detector row spiral CT pulmonary angiography is non-invasive,fast,and highly sensitive for PE,and it should be the modality of choice for the diagnosis of PE.

ObjectiveTo explore the characteristics of tongue manifestations and traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） syndromes in patients with primary Sjogren's syndrome （pSS） of different time. MethodpSS patients who visited TCM Department of Rheumatism in China-Japan Friendship Hospital from December 2018 to October 2021 were included and grouped according to the disease courses （short<5 years， medium 5-10 years， long > 10 years）. Chi-square test was used for comparison between three groups and Bonferroni method for multiple comparisons. In the pairwise comparison， P<0.017 indicated significant difference. Chi-square test was performed on the syndrome and specific tongue manifestations with inter-group differences to analyze the trend of tongue manifestations and TCM syndromes over time （interval： two years）. ResultA total of 193 pSS patients were enrolled， with 85 （44.0%） of short disease course， 69 （35.8%） of medium disease course， and 39 （20.2%） of long disease course. The common tongue manifestations were crimson tongue， fissured tongue， thin tongue， lack of fluid， and dry coating， which showed no significant difference among the three groups. Higher proportion of patients with light red tongue was observed in the group with short disease course than in group with medium disease course （χ²=6.407， P<0.017）. Higher proportions of patients with thick coating （χ²=6.784， P<0.017） and phlegm-dampness syndrome （χ²=11.545， P<0.017） and lower proportion of patients with Qi deficiency syndrome （χ²=12.706， P<0.017） were found in the group with short disease course than in the group with long disease course. Patients with medium （χ²=6.358， P<0.017） and long （χ²=8.279， P<0.017） disease course tended to have exfoliated coating compared with those with short disease course， and the proportion of patients with exfoliated coating rose and the proportion of patients with thick greasy coating decreased over time （P_trend<0.05）. In addition， the proportion of patients with phlegm-dampness syndrome decreased and that with Qi deficiency syndrome increased over time （P_trend<0.05）. ConclusionIn the early stage， patients with pSS often show both dryness and dampness， as manifested by the thick greasy coating and phlegm-dampness syndrome. In the medium and late stage， patients often have Qi-Yin deficiency， as evidenced by exfoliated coating and Qi deficiency. In the clinical practice， medicines should be prescribed based on tongue manifestations and TCM syndrome of patients.

ObjectiveTo summarize the characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） syndrome in primary Sjögren's syndrome （pSS） patients with interstitial lung disease （ILD） and to explore associated factors. MethodA survey was conducted and pSS patients who were treated in TCM department of rheumatism at China-Japan Friendship Hospital from December 2018 to April 2022 were included. Tongue manifestations and syndromes of patients were recorded. pSS patients with ILD were classified into the pSS-ILD group and those without the ILD were included in the pSS-non-ILD group. The tongue manifestations， syndromes， and laboratory indexes were compared between the two groups， and logistic regression was used to explore the factors associated with pSS-ILD. ResultA total of 200 pSS patients were included， with 186 （93.0%） females， median age of 57 years， and median disease course of 60 months， of which 44 （22%） had pSS-ILD. In terms of tongue manifestations， pSS-ILD patients generally had dark/purple/stasis tongue， fissured tongue， and tongue with little fluid， thick coating， yellow coating， and greasy coating. The proportion patients with yellow coating was higher in pSS-ILD group than in the pSS-non-ILD group （χ²=4.799，P<0.05）. In terms of syndrome， more than 40% of pSS-ILD patients had Qi deficiency， Yin deficiency， phlegm-dampness， Qi stagnation， and/or blood stasis syndrome. As for Yin deficiency， liver-kidney Yin deficiency syndrome ranked the first. For Qi deficiency， lung Qi deficiency syndrome was most commonly seen. The proportion of patients with lung Qi deficiency was higher in the pSS-ILD group than in the pSS-non-ILD group （χ²=18.667，P<0.01）. As to laboratory indexes， compared with the pSS-non-ILD group， pSS-ILD group had high proportion of anti-SSA-positive patients （P<0.05） and high levels of C-reactive protein （CRP） （P<0.01）， complement C3 （χ²=4.332，P<0.05）， and complement C4 （P<0.05）. Logistic regression analysis showed that pSS with ILD was positively associated with lung Qi deficiency ［odds ratio （OR）=6.079， 95% confidence interval （CI） 2.585-14.298， P<0.01）］ and yellow coating （OR=5.260， 95% CI 1.337-20.692， P<0.05） and negatively associated with low C4 （OR=0.199， 95% CI 0.070-0.564， P<0.01）. ConclusionAbout 22% of pSS patients had ILD， and patients with pSS-ILD generally have Qi deficiency， Yin deficiency， phlegm-dampness， Qi stagnation， and/or blood stasis syndrome. Yellow coating， lung Qi deficiency and C4 level are factors associated with pSS combined with ILD.