Objective To understand the blood pressure level of the aged in longevous area of Yunnan Province. Methods According to the forth census information,typical multistaged sample-survey was used for 15 counties (cities) with centenarians over 1/100 000 and the 3 counties (cities) with centenarians under 1/100 000. The blood pressure of people aged 60 and over were measured and the investigation questionnaire was filled in. Results The overall level of the blood pressure was systolic pressure (130.8?24.6) mm Hg and diastolic pressure (81.7?14.6) mm Hg. The systolic pressure increased in slow slope with the age growing, ranged 126.2-137.6 mm Hg, and higher in male than in female. The diastolic pressure was not affected by age growing. The difference of blood pressure in nationality was mainly affected by the latitude and the elevation. Conclusions With the age increasing, the blood pressure level of the aged people gradually increases.

Objective To investigate the diagnostic value of combined detection of serum tumor markers,including CEA,CA125,neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and cytokeratin fragment antigen 21-1 (CYFRA21-1) for lung cancer patients.Methods The subjects involved 138 diagnosed lung cancer patients (82 males,56 females,average age 58.6 years,from October 2010 to March 2012),96 patients with benign lung diseases (56 males,40 females,average age 51.3 years) and 45 healthy adults (30 males,15females,average age 43.9 years).The pathological types of lung cancer consisted of 66 squamous cell carcinoma (SCC),52 adenocarcinoma and 20 small cell lung cancer (SCLC).The serum levels of CEA,CA125,NSE and CYFRA21-1 were measured with electrochemiluminescence immunoassay.The diagnostic efficacy for different pathological types was compared among each single tumor marker and combination of tumor markers.One-way analysis of variance q test were used for statistical analysis.Results The serum levels of CEA,CA125,NSE and CYFRA21-1 in patients with lung cancer were higher than those in patients with benign lung diseases and in healthy subjects (CEA:(19.99±30.99),(10.78±19.77),(3.25±3.42) μg/L;CA125:(79.70±95.98),(44.96±44.97),(20.66±7.13) μg/L; NSE:(35.23±40.22),(15.31±8.42),(13.30±5.65) μg/L; CYFRA21-1:(18.07±43.71),(8.30±8.83),(3.13±1.60) μg/L; F=4.481,5.436,4.776,6.002,all P＜0.05).The highest level of CEA,NSE or CYFRA21-1 were found in adenocarcinoma (F=4.932,P＜0.05),SCLC (F=5.119,P＜0.05) or SCC (F=5.378,P＜0.05),respectively.The highest sensitivity tumor markers for SCC,SCLC and adenocarcinoma were CYFRA21-1 (78.8％,52/66),NSE (75.0％,15/20) and CEA (57.7％,30/52),respectively.In combined detection,the highest sensitivity combinations for SCC,SCLC and adenocarcinoma were CEA+CYFRA21-1+NSE (89.4％,59/66),CEA+CYFRA21-1+NSE (80.0％,16/20) and CEA+CA125+NSE (78.8％,41/52),respectively.Conclusions Combined detection of serum tumor markers is more sensitive for the diagnosis of lung cancer.The expressions of the above four tumor markers is correlated with pathological types of lung cancer.

Objective To investigate the effects of aerobic exercise on tau phosphorylation and PI3K/ Akt pathway in the hippocampus of obese rats,and provide some theoretical basis for physical activity improving obesity-related neurological disorders.Methods Male Sprague-Dawley rats aged 3 weeks were randomly assigned to either a high-fat or a normal diet protocol for 12 weeks.Animals submitted to the high-fat diet were further divided into two groups:a sedentary group (HF-Sed) and an exercise group (HF-Ex).The rats fed the normal diet were also divided into a sedentary group (ND-Sed)and an exercise group (ND-Ex).The rats in the HF-Ex and ND-Ex groups underwent a treadmill training for 8 weeks.Then the hippocampus was isolated at 48h after the last exercise.The protein and phosphorylation levels of tau,glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β),phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) and Akt were assayed using Western blotting.Results After 12 weeks of feeding,55％ of rats in the high-fat diet group reached the conditions for the obesity model.After 8 weeks of treadmill exercises,in the HF-Sed group the phosphorylation level of tau was significanlty higher than that in the ND-Sed group,while in the HF-Ex group that was significantly lower than the HF-Sed group.Moreover,in the HF-Sed group the phosphorylation level of GSK3β Ser9 was significantly lower,and the phosphorylation level of GSK3β Tyr216 was significantly higher than the ND-Sed group,indicating the activity of GSK3β was significantly higher than the ND-Sed group.However,after 8 weeks of treadmill exercise,in the HF-Ex group the phosphorylation level of GSK3β Ser9 was signfiicantly higher,and the phosphorylation level of GSK3β Tyr216 was signficanlty lower than the HF-Sed group,indicating significantly lower activity of GSK3β than the HF-Sed group.Then,in the HF-Sed group the protein levels of PI3K p110 and p85 subunits,and the phosphorylation levels of Akt Thr308 and Ser473 were significantly lower than those in the ND-Sed group,indicating inhibited activity of the PI3K/Akt pathway.However,in the HF-Ex group the protein levels of PI3K p110 and p85 subunits and the phosphorylation levels of Akt Thr308 and Ser473 were significanlty higher than those in the HF-Sed group,showing the activity of PI3K/Akt pathway was enhanced.Conclusion Obesity induces tau hyperphosphorylation in the rats hippocampus and long-term aerobic exercises can reduce tau hyperphosphorylation by increasing PI3K/Akt pathway activity and inhibiting GSK3β activity.It has a positive effect on delaying the formation of neurofibrillary tangles and improving obesity-related neurological disorders.

OBJECTIVETo establish three orthotopically transplanted model of human primary malignant spleen lymphoma in the nude mice.

METHODSOrthotopic transplantation of histologically intact human primary malignant splenic lymphoma tissue obtained from patients was introduced into the splenic parenchyma of nude mice. Tumorigenicity, invasion, metastasis and morphological characteristics of the transplanted tumor were studied by light microscopy, electron microscopy and immunohistochemical methods.

RESULTSThe first kind, a strain of human primary malignant spleen lymphoma (non-Hodgkin's, cleaved B cell, BFNHL-HMN-1) screened from 11 patients which had been passaged in vivo for 41 generations, a second kind, a liver metastasis model of human primary malignant spleen lymphoma (non-Hodgkin's, cleaved B cell, LM-BFNHL-HMN-2) which had been passaged for 47 generations and a third kind of human primary malignant spleen lymphoma (non-Hodgkin's, T-immunoblastic cell, TINHL-HMN-3) having passaged for 37 generations were all successfully transplanted in 611 nude mice. Models of BFNHL-HMN-1 and TINHL-HMN-3 tumor gave nodular growth and lymph node metastasis in the spleen hilum but without any metastasis in the abdominal lymph nodes or organs. In the LM-BFNHL-HMN-2 model, not only did the tumor cells grow in the spleen, but in spleen hilum, lymph nodes and liver also. The orthotopically transplanted tumor cells were similar to the original human tumor in light histopathology, ultrastructure features, DNA content and chromosomal karyotype.

CONCLUSIONThese three models are able to serve as useful tools for the study of biologic characteristics and experimental treatment of human primary malignant lymphoma.

Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Humans ; Lymphoma ; pathology ; Mice ; Mice, Nude ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Neoplasm Transplantation ; Splenic Neoplasms ; pathology ; Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays

Objective:To compare the early and late predictive values of critical illness score (CIS) and procalcitonin (PCT) in septic patients with blood stream infection (BSI) induced by intra-abdominal infection (IAI), and to identify the value of PCT in etiological diagnosis.Methods:The clinical data of patients with at least one positive blood culture within 24 hours admission to the emergency department of China-Japan Friendship Hospital from January 2014 to December 2019 and with final diagnosis of IAI induced sepsis were enrolled. Sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA), mortality in emergency department sepsis (MEDS), Logistic organ dysfunction system (LODS), and acute physiology and chronic health evaluation Ⅱ (APACHEⅡ) scores were calculated based on the parameters on the day of admission. Differences in various indicators among different Gram-stained bacterial infections and among patients with different prognosis at 28 days or 60 days were compared. Receiver operator characteristic curve (ROC curve) was used to analyze the value of PCT in differential etiological diagnosis of IAI induced sepsis caused by single bacterial infection, and the predictive value of CIS and PCT on 28-day and 60-day death of septic patients with BSI induced by IAI.Results:A total of 221 septic patients with IAI caused by single bacterial infection were enrolled. The 28-day mortality was 19.9% (44/221), and the 60-day mortality was 25.8% (57/221). Mortality caused by Gram-positive (G +) bacterial infection of patients was significantly higher than that caused by Gram-negative (G -) bacterial infection (28 days: 34.6% vs. 11.4%, 60 days: 42.0% vs. 16.4%, both P < 0.01). Compared with patients with G + bacterial infection, the PCT value of patients with G - bacterial infection was higher [μg/L: 4.31 (0.71, 25.71) vs. 1.29 (0.32, 10.83), P < 0.05]. Compared with survival group, the values of CIS and PCT in death group were higher, either in 28 days or in 60 days [death group vs. survival group in 28 days: SOFA score was 6.0 (4.0, 10.0) vs. 3.0 (2.0, 5.0), MEDS score: 11 (9, 14) vs. 6 (6, 9), LODS score: 4.0 (2.0, 6.0) vs. 1.0 (0, 2.0), APACHEⅡ score: 17.0 (15.0, 24.0) vs. 12.0 (8.0, 15.0), PCT (μg/L): 3.48 (1.01, 26.70) vs. 2.45 (0.32, 15.65); death group vs. survival group in 60 days: SOFA score: 6.0 (4.0, 10.0) vs. 3.0 (2.0, 5.0), MEDS score: 9 (6, 14) vs. 6 (6, 9), LODS score: 4.0 (1.0, 5.0) vs. 1.0 (0, 2.0), APACHEⅡ score: 16.5 (12.0, 20.0) vs. 12.0 (8.0, 15.0), PCT (μg/L): 2.67 (0.98, 17.73) vs. 2.22 (0.31, 16.75); all P < 0.05]. ROC curve showed that: ① the area under ROC curve (AUC) of PCT in the diagnosis of IAI induced sepsis with single bacterial infection was 0.740 [95% confidence interval (95% CI) was 0.648-0.833]. When the optimal cut-off value of PCT was 1.82 μg/L, the sensitivity of diagnosis of G - bacterial infection was 74.0%, and the specificity was 68.2%. When PCT value was higher than 10.92 μg/L, the specificity of diagnosis of G - bacterial infection could reach 81.8%. ② In the prediction of 28-day and 60-day mortality for septic patients with BSI induced by IAI, the APACHEⅡ score achieved the highest AUC [28 days: 0.791 (95% CI was 0.680-0.902), 60 days: 0.748 (95% CI was 0.645-0.851)]. APACHEⅡ score higher than 14.5 could help to predict 28-day and 60-day mortality for IAI patients with negative predictive values of 94.9% and 88.5%. However, the predictive value of PCT for septic patients with BSI induced by IAI was relatively lower [28-day AUC: 0.610 (95% CI was 0.495-0.725), 60-day AUC: 0.558 (95% CI was 0.450-0.667)]. Conclusion:PCT is more reliable in the identification of pathogen type among IAI induced sepsis with BSI, while APACHEⅡ score may perform better in predicting early and late mortality.

Objective To compare the effects of bone transport versus induced membrane technique for large segmental tibial defects.Methods The clinical data were analyzed retrospectively of 89 patients with large segmental tibial defect who had been treated at Department of Orthopaedics,Wuxi No.9 People's Hospital from June 2005 to February 2017 using bone transport or induced membrane technique.They were 58males and 31 females,aged from 13 to 74 years (average,38.0 years).The bone transport group had 59cases and the induced membrane technique group 30 cases.The 2 groups were compared in terms of preoperative general data and postoperative bone nonunion,bone healing time,complications and functional recovery of the adjacent joint.Results There were no statistically significant differences between the 2groups in terms of age,gender,cause or type of defects,associated injury,course of disease,functionary scores of the adjacent joint or number of operations,showing compatibility between the 2 groups (P ＞ 0.05).All the patients were followed up for 12 to 48 months (average,20 months).The bone transport group had significandy longer clinical healing time (14.7 ± 5.4 months) and significantly higher incidences of major complications (50.8％),minor complications (57.6％) and overall complications (83.1％) than the induced membrane technique group (11.2 ± 2.8 months,16.7％,26.7％ and 30.0％,respectively) (P ＜ O.05),but significantly lower functionary scores of the adjacent joint (86.4 ± 5.0 points) than the induced membrane technique group (88.8 ± 4.9 points) (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Both bone transport and induced membrane technique are effective repairs for large segmental tibial defects.However,induced membrane technique may be superior to bone transport in terms of bone healing,complications and functional recovery.

Objective:To investigate the acute and long-term toxicity of GJ-4 extracted from Gardenia jasminoides J.Ellis, and to provide safety basis for its development as a new drug for the treatment of dementia. Methods:In the acute toxicity experiment, 30 ICR mice were randomly divided into control group, gardenia extract 2.5 g/kg group and gardenia extract 5.0 g/kg group, 10 mice in each group. The mice in the 2.5 g/kg and 5.0 g/kg gardenia extract groups were administrated with GJ-4 suspension. The control group was given 0.5% sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC-Na) by gavage. The mice were given continuous gavage for 7 days. The mortality, body weight and general condition of mice were recorded. The levels of ALT, ALP, BUN and creatinine (CRE) in serum were measured by automatic biochemical detector. In the long-term toxicity experiment, 75 ICR mice were divided into control group and gardenia extract 100, 250, 500, 1 000 mg/kg group according to the random number table method, 15 mice in each group. The GJ-4 suspension of Gardenia extract 100, 250, 500 and 1 000 mg/kg were administrated to the stomach respectively in the gardenia extract 100, 250, 500 and 1 000 mg/kg groups, and 0.5% CMC-Na of the same volume was administrated to the stomach in the control group once a day for 30 days. The mortality, weight and mental state of mice were recorded. The organ index and the levels of ALT, ALP and BUN in serum were observed.Results:In the acute toxicity experiment, the mental state and diet of mice in each group were good, and there was no death within 7 days. Compared with the control group, there was no significant differences in body weight, heart index, liver index and kidney index between the two groups ( P>0.05). Compared with the control group, the level of BUN (10.17 ± 0.82 mmol/L vs. 11.25 ± 0.47 mmol/L) in the gardenia extract 2.5 g/kg group significantly decreased ( P<0.05), and the level of ALP (116.0 ± 10.75 U/L vs. 148.0 ± 25.73 U/L) in the gardenia extract 5.0 g/kg group significantly decreased ( P<0.05). In the long-term toxicity experiment, the mice were in good mental state and had good diet, and no death occurred. Compared with the control group, there was no significant differences in body weight, heart index, kidney index, spleen index and serum ALT, ALP and BUN levels between the two groups ( P>0.05). The liver index (4.9 ± 0.56 vs. 4.38 ± 0.49) in the 250 mg/kg gardenia extract group significantly increased ( P<0.01), and the thymus index (0.09 ± 0.02 vs. 0.14 ± 0.04) significantly decreased ( P<0.05). Conclusions:The Gardenia jasminoides extract GJ-4 has no obvious toxicity in acute and long-term toxicity experiment, indicating that GJ-4 is safe.